Bedaquiline-containing regimens in patients with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China: focus on the safety.

Background: World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that allows for detection, reporting and management of adverse events. The aim of the study is to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse events (AEs) of bedaquiline-containing regimen in a cohort of Chinese patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB based on active drug safety monitoring (aDSM) system of New Drug Introduction and Protection Program (NDIP).

Methods: AEs were prospectively collected with demographic, bacteriological, radiological and clinical data from 54 sites throughout China at patient enrollment and during treatment between February, 2018 and December, 2019.

Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Improves Diagnosis of Osteoarticular Infections From Abscess Specimens: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

: We conducted this retrospective study to reveal the accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for diagnosing osteoarticular infections from fresh abscess specimens obtained from patients in an HIV-naive population. : We retrospectively analyzed hospital records at three participating TB-specialized hospitals for patients admitted with suggestive diagnoses of osteoarticular tuberculosis between January 2018 and August 2019. Abscess specimens obtained from each patient were tested pathogen culture, GeneXpert (MTB)/rifampicin (RIF), and mNGS assay.

The distribution of SARS-CoV-2 contamination on the environmental surfaces during incubation period of COVID-19 patients.

Roles of environmental factors in transmission of COVID-19 have been highlighted. In this study, we sampled the high-touch environmental surfaces in the quarantine room, aiming to detect the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the environmental surfaces during the incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Fifteen sites were sampled from the quarantine room, distributing in the functional areas such as bedroom, bathroom and living room.

Multifocal tuberculosis simulating a cancer-a case report.

Background: Tuberculosis is a disease that may affect any organ of the body. Multifocal tuberculosis involving multiple systems with associated symptoms are rare, which makes the diagnosis challenging. Distinguishing multifocal tuberculosis from lesions metastatic from system malignancy is difficult.

Occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculous meningitis associated with injury during spinal surgery: A case report.

Here we describe a case of multidrug-resistant tuberculous meningitis associated with injury inflicted during spinal surgery. A 54-year-old man was diagnosed with multidrug-resistant spinal tuberculosis (TB). Anterior debridement and fusion with posterior fusion and instrumentation were conducted to remove damaged bone and TB-associated granulomatous tissue.

Effect of the alteration of Tribbles homologue 3 expression on epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of transforming growth factor β1‑induced mouse alveolar epithelial cells through the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.

The aims of the present study were to elucidate the regulatory effect of exogenous Tribbles homologue 3 (TRB3) expression on the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1)‑induced mouse alveolar epithelial cells (MLE‑12) and investigate the underlying regulatory mechanisms. TRB3 expression was upregulated and downregulated using gene overexpression and RNA interference techniques, respectively. TGF‑β1‑stimulated MLE‑12 cells were examined for EMT and activation condition of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway using Cell Counting Kit‑8, flow cytometry, western blotting, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, ELISA and immunofluorescence techniques.

Poor Vitamin D Status in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients and Its Correlation with Leptin and TNF-α.

Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is common in tuberculosis (TB) and may be implicated in the etiology of the disease and in its clinical course. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between leptin, inflammatory markers and VD status in TB patients, stratified for presence or absence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Two hundred ninety-nine TB patients were recruited from October 2015 to August 2016.

Treatment Outcome of a Shorter Regimen Containing Clofazimine for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis: A Randomized Control Trial in China.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a serious obstacle to global TB control programs.

Methods: We carried out a prospective, randomized, multicenter study in China that was focused on the potential of a shorter regimen containing clofazimine (CFZ) for the treatment of MDR-TB. There were 135 MDR-TB cases that met eligibility requirements and were randomly stratified into either the control group or experimental group.

Clofazimine improves clinical outcomes in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: We carried out a randomized multicentre study in China to investigate whether the clofazimine would improve the efficacy of the standardized regimen in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Methods: Patients with MDR-TB managed in 17 TB specialist hospitals in China between September 2009 and September 2011 were randomly assigned to the treatment groups at enrolment. In the intervention group, 100 mg clofazimine per day was added to the standardized regimen.

Clofazimine for Treatment of Extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis in China.

We performed a multicenter, prospective, randomized study to investigate the efficacy and safety of clofazimine (CLO) for treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in China. Forty-nine patients infected with XDR-TB were randomly assigned to either the control group or the CLO group, both of which received 36 months of individually customized treatment. The primary endpoint was the time to sputum culture conversion on solid medium.

miR-24 suppression of POZ/BTB and AT-hook-containing zinc finger protein 1 (PATZ1) protects endothelial cell from diabetic damage.

The regulatory transcriptional factor PATZ1 is abnormally up-regulated in diabetic endothelial cells (ECs) where it acts as an anti-angiogenic factor via modulation of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) signaling. The aim of the present work was to elucidate the upstream molecular events regulating PATZ1 expression in diabetic angiogenesis. The bioinformatics search for microRNAs (miRNAs) able to potentially target PATZ1 led to the identification of several miRNAs.

[Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pulmonary tuberculosis with concurrent lung cancer].

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pulmonary tuberculosis with concurrent lung cancer.

Methods: Comprehensive analyses were conducted for 58 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with lung cancer. Their clinical symptoms, signs and imaging results were analyzed between January 1998 and January 2005 at Qingdao Chest Hospital.

HMGB1 was a pivotal synergistic effecor for CpG oligonucleotide to enhance the progression of human lung cancer cells.

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been implicated in a variety of biologically important processes, including transcription, DNA repair, differentiation, development, and extracellular signaling. However, the potential role of HMGB1 in tumor biology still remains intractable. Our previous study showed that TLR9 response to CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) in 95D human lung cancer cells could enhance their growth and invasive potential in vitro and in vivo.