Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Children Reported by the ISPED Program in China, 2016 to 2020.

The Infectious Disease Surveillance of Pediatrics (ISPED) program was established in 2015 to monitor and analyze the trends of bacterial epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in children. Clinical bacterial isolates were collected from 11 tertiary care children's hospitals in China in 2016 to 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems, with interpretation according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2019 breakpoints.

[Studies of the norm of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale(KPCS)among parents of infants in urban areas of China].

To establish the norm of the Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS) in urban areas of China. From August to December 2017, the parents of 2 216 children (<36 months old) were selected from 15 cities (Beijing, Lianyungang, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Changsha, Jinan, Guiyang, Ningbo, Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Maanshan, Chongqing and Wuhan) in 14 provinces by stratified random sampling. The general demographic characteristics and parents' parenting confidence were collected by a self-made questionnaire and KPCS Chinese version.

Vitamin D Receptor Is a Sepsis-Susceptibility Gene in Chinese Children.

BACKGROUND We designed an association study among 267 cases of children with sepsis and 283 healthy controls, by genotyping 9 variants in the VDR gene. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a hospital-based, case-control, genetic association study. In addition to 3 genetic modes of inheritance, haplotype and interaction analyses were employed to examine the prediction of VDR gene for pediatric sepsis.

Data Quality Improvement and Internal Data Audit of the Chinese Neonatal Network Data Collection System.

The Chinese Neonatal Network (CHNN) is a nationwide neonatal network that aims to improve clinical neonatal care quality and short- and long-term health outcomes of infants. This study aims to assess the quality of the Chinese Neonatal Network database by conducting an internal audit of data extraction. A data audit was performed by independently replicating the data collection and entry process in all 58 tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICU) participating in the CHNN.

Application Effect of Medical Care Integration Combined with Family Intervention under the Evidence-Based Nursing Mode on Child Patients with Severe Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease and Its Influence on Intestinal Function.

Objective: To explore the application effect of medical care integration combined with family intervention under the evidence-based nursing mode on child patients with severe hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and its influence on intestinal function.

Methods: 120 child patients with severe HFMD admitted to Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research object and randomly divided into group A and group B, with 60 cases each. Conventional nursing was performed on patients in group B, and medical care integration combined with family intervention under the evidence-based nursing mode was performed on patients in group A.

Contemporary Update of Retinoblastoma in China: Three-Decade Changes in Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Treatments, and Outcomes.

Purpose: To report three-decade changes of clinical characteristics, progress of treatments, and risk factors associated with mortality and enucleation in patients with retinoblastoma in China.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: This multicenter study included 2552 patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma in 38 medical centers in 31 provinces in China from 1989 to 2017, with follow-up data.

Establishing an appropriate Z score regression equation for Chinese pediatric coronary artery echocardiography: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Z score utility is emphasized in classifying coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease patients. The present study is the largest such multicenter Chinese pediatric study about coronary artery diameter reference values and Z score regression equation to date. It is useful in Chinese pediatric echocardiography.

Serum Irisin as a Potential Biomarker for Cognitive Decline in Vascular Dementia.

Irisin, a new exercise-related myokine, has been shown to be associated with a variety of diseases including serious neurological disorders. However, whether irisin is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia (VD) has not yet been reported. Our aim is to determine the serum irisin level in patients with VD and investigate its relationship with cognitive function.

Integrated analysis identifies a novel lncRNA prognostic signature associated with aerobic glycolysis and hub pathways in breast cancer.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in cancer aerobic glycolysis. However, glycolysis-related lncRNAs are still underexplored in breast cancer. In this study, we identified the five most glycolysis-related lncRNAs in breast cancer to construct a prognostic signature, which could distinguish between patients with unfavorable and favorable prognoses.

Antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolates from pediatric hospitals in Mainland China: Report from the ISPED program, 2017-2019.

Purpose: This study set out to determine the antimicrobial resistance trends of Haemophilus influenzae isolates from pediatric hospitals in Mainland China, which would provide basis for clinical treatment.

Methods: The Infectious Disease Surveillance of Pediatrics (ISPED) collaboration group conducted this study. H.

Eye-Preserving Therapies for Advanced Retinoblastoma: A Multicenter Cohort of 1678 Patients in China.

Purpose: This study attempted to estimate the impact of eye-preserving therapies for the long-term prognosis of patients with advanced retinoblastoma with regard to overall survival and ocular salvage.

Design: Retrospective cohort study covering all 31 provinces (38 retinoblastoma treating centers) of mainland China.

Participants: One thousand six hundred seventy-eight patients diagnosed with group D or E retinoblastoma from January 2006 through May 2016.

Establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell line (SDQLCHi040-A) from a patient with Infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease carrying a homozygous mutation in IL10RA gene.

Infantile-onset inflammatory bowel diseases (IO-IBD) is a heterogeneous subgroup of IBD spectrum characterized by age of onset less than 2 years old. Mutations in interleukin-10 receptor A (IL10RA) is one of the major causes. Here, we generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell line SDQLCHi040-A from a 1-year-4-month-old girl with IO-IBD caused by homozygous mutation (c.

Transmission of a Novel Imprinting Center Deletion Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome Through Three Generations of a Chinese Family: Case Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, and a Lesson Worth Thinking About.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic syndrome caused by the loss of function of genes in 15q11-q13 that are subject to regulation by genomic imprinting and expressed from the paternal allele only. The main clinical features of PWS patients are hypotonia during the neonatal and infantile stages, accompanied by delayed neuropsychomotor development, hyperphagia, obesity, hypogonadism, short stature, small hands and feet, mental disabilities, and behavioral problems. However, PWS has a clinical overlap with other disorders, especially those with other gene variations or chromosomal imbalances but sharing part of the similar clinical manifestations with PWS, which are sometimes referred to as Prader-Willi syndrome-like (PWS-like) disorders.

Expression of the axon guidance factor Slit2 and its receptor Robo1 in patients with Hirschsprung disease: An observational study.

Hirschsprung disease (HD) is a common form of digestive tract malformation in children. However, the pathogenesis of HD is not very clear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of slit guidance ligand 2 (Slit2) and roundabout 1 (Robo1) in patients with HD.

Selenium-GPX4 axis protects follicular helper T cells from ferroptosis.

Follicular helper T (T) cells are a specialized subset of CD4 T cells that essentially support germinal center responses where high-affinity and long-lived humoral immunity is generated. The regulation of T cell survival remains unclear. Here we report that T cells show intensified lipid peroxidation and altered mitochondrial morphology, resembling the features of ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death that is driven by iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxidation.

Tuberculosis infection screening in children with close contact: a hospital-based study.

Background: Identifying and prioritizing at-risk populations is critical for pediatric tuberculosis control. We aimed to identify a latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening strategy that is appropriate for the Chinese context among children with different TB exposure levels and to explore its clinical importance.

Methods: During 2013-2015, we enrolled hospitalized children with suspected respiratory infectious disease (RID) for LTBI screening using the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) T-SPOT.

[Effect of PADI4 on the Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines During NB4 Cells Differentiation].

Objective: To investigate the expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) during the process of differentiation into granulocyte of NB4 cells induced by all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and whether PADI4 is involved in the inflammatory cytokines expression.

Methods: Granulocyte differentiation model of NB4 cells induced by ATRA was established. The cell morphology changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining.

Inhibition of Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling Blocks Oncogenic H-Ras Induced Autophagy in Primary Human Keratinocytes.

Mutations of H-Ras, a member of the RAS family, are preferentially found in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). H-Ras has been reported to induce autophagy, which plays an essential role in tissue homeostasis in multiple types of cancer cells and in fibroblasts, however, the potential role of H-Ras in regulating autophagy in human keratinocytes has not been reported. In this study, we found that the stable expression of the G12V mutant of H-RAS (H-Ras ) induced autophagy in human keratinocytes, and interestingly, the induction of autophagy was strongly blocked by inhibiting the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway with either a calcineurin inhibitor (Cyclosporin A) or a NFAT inhibitor (VIVIT), or by the small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated knockdown of calcineurin B1 or NFATc1 , as well as To characterize the role of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway in H-Ras induced autophagy, we found that H-Ras promoted the nuclear translocation of NFATc1, an indication of the activation of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway, in human keratinocytes.

Saxagliptin protects against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting caspase 3/PARP-1-dependent nephrocyte apoptosis.

Saxagliptin (SAX) can protect against tissue damage caused by diabetic nephropathy. However, whether this compound can restore kidney function, and its specific mechanism of action remain unclear. The present study explored the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of SAX.

Assessment of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Practices, Morbidity, and Mortality Among Very Preterm Infants in China.

Importance: The Chinese Neonatal Network was established in 2018 and maintains a standardized national clinical database of very preterm or very low-birth-weight infants in tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) throughout China. National-level data on outcomes and care practices of very preterm infants (VPIs) in China are lacking.

Objective: To assess the care practices in NICUs and outcomes among VPIs in China.

Refractory Head and Neck Lymphatic Malformation in Infants Treated With Sirolimus: A Case Series.

Background: Extensive and complex head and neck lymphatic malformations (LMs) are challenging to manage through traditional therapy. The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in infants with refractory head and neck LMs.

Methods: Sirolimus was administered orally on a continuous dosing schedule.

Mutational Characteristics of Causative Genes in Chinese Hereditary Spherocytosis Patients: a Report on Fourteen Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS), characterized by the presence of spherocytic red cells in peripheral blood, hemolysis, splenomegaly, jaundice, and gallstones, is a common form of inherited hemolytic anemia (HA). To date, five causative genes associated with HS have been identified, including , and . Clinically suspected patients with HS or undiagnosed HA from 14 Chinese families were enrolled in this study.

A New Method for Anterior Boundary Demarcation of the Nasopharynx in Three-Dimensional Analysis.

Three-dimensional (3D) measurements of the upper airway have been extensively applied and researched, but the division of the airway is carried out in various ways, especially when demarcating the anterior boundary of the nasopharynx. The present study was to propose a new method based on the anatomical definition for the anterior boundary demarcation of the nasopharynx used in three-dimensional analysis. Twenty computed tomography scans (age 9.

Report of the Largest Chinese Cohort With Gene Defect and Literature Review.

Thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome 2 (THMD2) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by mutations, inherited in autosomal recessive pattern. As a treatable disease, early diagnosis and therapy with vitamin supplementation is important to improve the prognosis. So far, the reported cases were mainly from Saudi Arab regions, and presented with relatively simple clinical course because of the hot spot mutation (T422A).