Ultrasound-assisted extraction of scopolamine and hyoscyamine from roots using central compost design.

is an important medicinal plant used in medicine and contains tropane alkaloid compounds such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine. In this study, after the selection of the solvent for extracting hyoscyamine and scopolamine, the central composite design of the response surface methodology was used to study the effect of solvent concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 %), temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 °C) and ultrasonication times (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 min). The hyoscyamine and scopolamine content were obtained by HPLC-DAD.

Self-efficacy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: the effect of self-care education by two randomized methods-teach-back and a smartphone application.

The use of the best teaching method to promote self-care in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been well defined. Therefore, the current study was conducted to compare the effect of self-care education by two methods of teach-back and a smartphone application. The current clinical trial with a pre- and post-test design was conducted among 78 patients with IBD.

Impact of prior aspirin use on left ventricular function in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: An echocardiographic evaluation.

Introduction: Previous studies have investigated the potential influence of prior aspirin use on cardiac function in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who undergo primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). However, the results from these studies have been conflicting. This study aimed to investigate whether prior aspirin use affects left ventricular (LV) function in these patients using echocardiography.

An integrative systematic review of nurses' involvement in medication deprescription in long-term healthcare settings for older people.

Background: Deprescription of medications for older people in long-term care settings is crucial to enhance medication safety by reducing polypharmacy and minimizing related adverse events. Nurses as the member of the multidisciplinary healthcare team can support deprescription initiatives, but there is a gap in comprehensive knowledge about their roles.

Objectives: To investigate the role and contribution of nurses in deprescribing medications within the multidisciplinary pharmaceutical care context of long-term healthcare for older people.

Tuberculosis in Human Bones from 4000 Years Ago, Iran.

Background: Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a contagious and infectious disease; in the first stage, it destroys the lungs and in the next stage other body organs, such as the spine and long bones. This disease is transmitted through an infected person and due to the weakness of the immune system, the infection intensifies. Tuberculosis has two stages: low activity and high activity.

Segmentation of choroidal area in optical coherence tomography images using a transfer learning-based conventional neural network: a focus on diabetic retinopathy and a literature review.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of DeepLabv3+with Squeeze-and-Excitation (DeepLabv3+SE) architectures for segmenting the choroid in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A total of 300 B-scans were selected from 21 patients with mild to moderate diabetic retinopathy. Six DeepLabv3+SE variants, each utilizing a different pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature extraction, were compared.

Baseline optical coherence tomography angiography biomarkers predict visual outcomes in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients.

This retrospective study aimed to assess different macular neovascular network characteristics in relation to changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over 3 and 12 months following treatment. Using optical coherence tomography angiography, we reviewed the medical records of 46 treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who received intravitreal aflibercept injections. The change in BCVA from baseline to 3 months and 12 months after treatment was recorded.

Moderating effect of sleep quality in the relationship between coping and distress among medical students.

Introduction: The present study examined the moderating effects of sleep quality in the relationship between coping and distress among medical college students. Present study was conducted to ensure the mental health of medical students and to dig out the reasons behind their disturbed health which can directly impact their performance at work.

Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey and was distributed to students at various medical institutions in the Punjab province of Pakistan from October 2019 to June 2020.

Finding potential targets in cell-based immunotherapy for handling the challenges of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hostile hematological malignancy under great danger of relapse and poor long-term survival rates, despite recent therapeutic advancements. To deal with this unfulfilled clinical necessity, innovative cell-based immunotherapies have surfaced as promising approaches to improve anti-tumor immunity and enhance patient outcomes. In this comprehensive review, we provide a detailed examination of the latest developments in cell-based immunotherapies for AML, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T-cell therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell-based therapies.

A Worldwide Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of Sp. in Water Sources: A Public Health Concern.

Contaminated water sources can result in outbreaks of parasitic infections such as sp. in communities, creating a substantial strain on healthcare systems and affecting the general health of the population. To ascertain the prevalence and subtype distribution of sp.

Psychometric properties of Parenting Sense of Competence Scale using item-response theory.

Parental competence is one of the essential components of raising ethical and healthy children. The mother's satisfaction with her maternal role significantly influences her cognitive responses and parenting behaviors. Having appropriate instruments to measure maternal satisfaction and identify and solve potential problems after childbirth can substantially contribute to maintaining and improving mother and infant health.

A dynamic management model for sustainable drug supply chain in hospital pharmacies in Iran.

Background: Sustainable supply chain management encompasses the strategic coordination and control of material, information, and financial flows, as well as the collaborative efforts among the entities engaged in the medicinal supply chain. This research proposes a dynamic and sustainable supply chain management model tailored explicitly for the inpatient pharmacies of Medical Centers and Hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences.

Methods: This is a quantitative study in terms of research objective and a qualitative study based on the stages in the conceptual development of the model.

The continuous rise in orbital subperiosteal abscess incidence in the Iranian pediatric population.

In this study, we aimed to follow up on the surprising increase in the incidence of orbital subperiosteal abscesses (SPA) reported in the Iranian pediatric population in the post-COVID era. Pediatric patients (≤ 18 years old) diagnosed with orbital SPA following acute sinusitis who were hospitalized between October 1st, 2023, and March 31st, 2024 in Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were included. Demographic, clinical, microbiologic, and radiological characteristics of patients were reviewed.

Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy Analysis of Saliva as a Diagnostic Specimen for Rapid Classification of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Chemometrics Methods.

Background & Aim: Recent advancements in analytical techniques have highlighted the potential of Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a quick, cost-effective, non-invasive, and efficient tool for cancer diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in combination with supervised machine learning classification models for diagnosing OSCC using saliva samples.

Methods & Materials: Eighty unstimulated whole saliva samples from OSCC patients and healthy controls were collected.

Structural Prediction and Antigenic Analysis of ROP18, MIC4, and SAG1 Proteins to Improve Vaccine Design against Toxoplasma gondii: An In silico Approach.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease in warm-blooded mammals that poses a serious worldwide threat due to the lack of effective medications and vaccines.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to design a multi-epitope vaccine using several bioinfor-matics approaches against the antigens of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii).