Occupational health in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): A systematic review and call for comprehensive policy development.

Background: This systematic review evaluates occupational health within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, focusing on ergonomic, physical, chemical, and biological hazards. It identifies significant impacts of these hazards across various professions and underscores the highlights for region-specific strategies and further research.

Methods: A comprehensive search in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases until October 2023 targeted occupational health studies in the GCC, adhering to PRISMA guidelines and NIH Quality Assessment Tools.

The role of Interleukin 17 (IL17) in cancer: A systematic review.

Interleukin 17 (IL17) is a cytokine involved in immune regulation and has been increasingly recognized for its role in cancer progression. This systematic review aims to integrate data on IL17's role in various tumors to better understand its implications for cancer prognosis and treatment. The review included 105 studies (27.

Peak Oxygen Consumption Scaled to Body Composition Is Associated With Mortality and Morbidity in People With a Fontan Circulation.

Background: Peak oxygen consumption (peak O) is traditionally scaled by body mass, but it is most appropriately scaled by fat-free mass. However, it is unknown whether peak O scaled by fat-free mass is associated with mortality and morbidity in people with a Fontan circulation. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between different expressions of peak O with mortality and morbidity in people with a Fontan circulation.

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies and Differentiates Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Epilepsy.

Purpose: To assess whether corneal nerve analysis can identify and differentiate patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from those with epilepsy.

Methods: Participants with MS (n = 83), participants with epilepsy (n = 50), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 20) underwent corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and quantification of automated corneal nerve fiber length (ACNFL), automated corneal nerve fractal dimension (ACNFrD), and ACNFrD/ACNFL ratio of the subbasal nerve plexus.

Results: ACNFL (MS: P < 0.

Prostate cancer burden in South Asia: A systematic analysis of global burden of disease data (1990-2021).

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze trends in prostate cancer incidence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 via data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in South Asia. Additionally, the study projects future prostate cancer incidence rates up to 2031 to inform public health interventions in South Asia.

Methods: Data covering South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan were obtained from the GBD 2021 portal.

Tracking head movement inside an MR scanner using electromagnetic coils.

Prospective motion corrections in brain imaging for MRI are fairly challenging. Monitoring involuntary head movement inside MR scanner is crucial for prospective motion correction. This initial study delves into utilizing simulations to track the head's movements within an MRI scanner, achieved by measuring induced voltage changes from time-varying magnetic field gradients in head-mounted coils.

Integrative computational analyses implicate regulatory genomic elements contributing to spina bifida.

Purpose: Spina bifida (SB) arises from complex genetic interactions that converge to interfere with neural tube closure. Understanding the precise patterns conferring SB risk requires a deep exploration of the genomic networks and molecular pathways that govern neurulation. This study aims to delineate genome-wide regulatory signatures underlying SB pathophysiology.

Defining quantitative rules for identifying influential researchers: Insights from mathematics domain.

In the midst of a vast amount of scientific literature, the need for specific rules arise especially when it comes to deciding which impactful researchers should be nominated. These rules are based on measurable quantities that can easily be applied to a researcher's quantitative data. Various search engines, like Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Web of Science etc.

Giant primary omental cyst: an unusual cause of pseudoascites and hydrocele in a child.

Abdominal lymphangiomas are benign congenital abnormal dilatation and proliferation of lymphatic spaces primarily seen in children. The wide spectrum of symptoms challenges preoperative diagnoses. We present a rare case of a 2-year-old boy presented to pediatrician with massive abdominal distention and left scrotal swelling since the age of 1½ years.

Advancements in precision medicine: multi-omics approach for tailored metformin treatment in type 2 diabetes.

Metformin has become the frontline treatment in addressing the significant global health challenge of type 2 diabetes due to its proven effectiveness in lowering blood glucose levels. However, the reality is that many patients struggle to achieve their glycemic targets with the medication and the cause behind this variability has not been investigated thoroughly. While genetic factors account for only about a third of this response variability, the potential influence of metabolomics and the gut microbiome on drug efficacy opens new avenues for investigation.

Medical students' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B and C virus infections in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: We aimed to assess the levels of hepatitis B and C knowledge, attitudes, and practices among medical students in Jordan. A survey included participation from medical students across all faculties in Jordan, from 2022 to 2023.

Methods: The data were analyzed with The R Statistical Software (v4.

Predisposition footprints in the somatic genome of Wilms tumours.

Ten percent of children with cancer harbour a mutation in a predisposition gene. In children with the kidney cancer, Wilms tumour, the prevalence is as high as 30%. Certain predispositions are associated with defined histological and clinical features, suggesting differences in tumourigenesis.

Intrathoracic ectopic kidney with pulmonary sequestration: clinical and surgical insights: a case report.

Intrathoracic ectopic kidney is an extremely rare congenital defect that is frequently identified by accident because it is asymptomatic. Even more unusual is its link to pulmonary sequestration alone. This case report describes the clinical presentation of a 7-month-old child with a history of recurrent respiratory distress and chest infections since birth, who had shortness of breath, failure to thrive, and delayed developmental milestones.

Innovative 2D dioxonium vanadium oxide: enhancing stability in aqueous zinc-ion battery cathodes.

Vanadium oxide-based compounds have attracted significant interest as battery materials, especially in aqueous Zn-ion batteries, due to favorable properties and compatibility in Zn-ion systems. In a simple hydrothermal method with moderate conditions, a novel vanadium oxide compound has been synthesized using ammonium metavanadate with oxalic acid as a reducing agent. Various characterization techniques confirmed the formation of layered VO(HO) nanoplatelets with a tetragonal crystal structure.

Ectopic Thyroid Nodule Hyperplasia: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND We present a rare case of an ectopic thyroid nodule hyperplasia, confirmed postoperatively after excision and histopathological examination of a chronic cervical mass. We discuss the different clinical and therapeutic features of this rare thyroid dysgenesis caused by a defect of migration of the gland along its normal way of descent. CASE REPORT A 48-year-old man with a history of hypertension and asthma presented with dysphagia and a progressively growing firm mass at the anterior part of his neck over the past 6 months.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of early vs. delayed pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses significant health challenges, often leading to complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) and increased mortality rates. The administration of early post-traumatic prophylaxis (PTP) is intended to mitigate these risks and enhance overall patient recovery. This study aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing clinical outcomes associated with early versus late pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis in TBI patients.

Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction Assessment Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Patients With Psoriasis: A Pilot Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with elevated cardiovascular risk due to inflammatory and oxidative stress. Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) can detect both regional and global myocardial strain. Impairment of ventricular strain can assist in the early detection of myocardial dysfunction.

Fetomaternal outcome in preeclampsia and eclampsia with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

Introduction: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological complication observed in these conditions, yet its impact on fetomaternal outcomes remains underexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between PRES and fetomaternal outcomes in women with preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Association of mitochondrial haplogroup H with reduced risk of type 2 Diabetes among Gulf Region Arabs.

Background: Numerous studies have linked mitochondrial dysfunction to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by affecting glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells and reducing oxidative phosphorylation in insulin-responsive tissues. Given the strong genetic underpinnings of T2D, research has explored the connection between mitochondrial DNA haplogroups, specific variants, and the risk and comorbidities of T2D. For example, haplogroups F, D, M9, and N9a have been linked to an elevated risk of T2D across various populations.

Estimated global and regional incidence and prevalence of herpes simplex virus infections and genital ulcer disease in 2020: mathematical modelling analyses.

Objectives: Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 infections are lifelong and can cause symptomatic genital ulcer disease (GUD). HSV-2 almost always causes sexually transmitted genital infection, while HSV-1 mainly causes oral infection but can be sexually transmitted to cause genital infection. This study estimated genital infection with both HSV types and associated GUD globally in 2020, breaking down the data by WHO region and sex for females and males.