Enhancing pH Modulation and Calcium Ions Release in External Resorption Artificial Defects: A Comparative Analysis of Ultrasonic Activation Effects on Ca(OH), MTA, and CEM Cement.

Diffusion of hydroxide (OH) and calcium (Ca) ions through dentin may cease external root resorption. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement are the choices for this purpose due to their optimal properties. This study sought to analyze the effects of ultrasonic activation (UA) on pH and the release of calcium ions from Ca(OH), MTA, and CEM cement in external root resorption artificial defects.