Prognostic Significance of Plasma Soluble IL-6 Receptor in Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: For patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) can safely deliver higher doses than conventional photon therapy, increasing the potential for long-term survival. However, achieving meaningful improvements in survival rates requires reliable prognostic biomarkers to identify patients likely to benefit from treatment.

Patients And Methods: In this study, we measured plasma levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) before C-ion RT and examined their association with the risk of distant metastasis (DM), local recurrence (LR), and overall survival (OS).

Prognostic Factors of Flap Complications After Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer With Reconstruction.

Background/aim: The incidence of flap complications after carbon-ion (C-ion) radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer with reconstruction is unknown. This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of flap complications following C-ion RT for head and neck cancer with reconstruction.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 24 cases, excluding cases of re-irradiation, treated with C-ion RT at QST Hospital for loco-regional recurrence after reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancers from April 1997 to March 2020.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Carbon-Ion Radiation Therapy in Japan: A Japanese National Registry Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) in Japan by evaluating patient numbers and treatment trends from 2019 to 2022.

Patients And Methods: Data from 5 CIRT facilities were analyzed, encompassing a total of 13 224 patients treated over the 4-year period. Patient demographics, cancer types, treatment protocols, and adherence to national health insurance coverage were examined.

Verification of linear energy transfer optimized carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Linear energy transfer (LET) verification was conducted using a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microdosimeter during the commissioning of LET-optimized carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT). This advanced treatment technique is expected to improve local control rates, especially in hypoxic tumors.An SOI microdosimeter with a cylindrical sensitive volume of 30m diameter and 5m thickness was used.

Switching cisplatin to carboplatin in chemotherapy for metastatic penile cancer in a patient intolerant to cisplatin.

Introduction: Cisplatin is currently the key drug in the chemotherapy regimen for metastatic penile cancer. There are few reports of alternative medicines for patients who cannot tolerate cisplatin. This report describes a case in which carboplatin was used instead.

Three-dimensional Patient-specific Quality Assurance Using Beam Delivery Log Data for Pencil Beam Scanning Carbon-ion Radiotherapy.

Background/aim: In the pencil beam scanning carbon-ion radiotherapy, spot positions are arranged in three dimensions throughout the entire target region. Therefore, dose deviations can occur due to spot position errors in the target. However, performing three-dimensional measurements for routine patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) is difficult because a simple measurement method has not been established.

Long-Term Outcomes of Ocular and Visual Preservation After Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy for Choroidal Malignant Melanoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term results of carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) for choroidal malignant melanoma (CMM), especially regarding the preservation of the eye and visual acuity (VA).

Methods And Materials: A total of 250 patients with intraocularly localized CMM treated with CIRT between January 2003 and September 2021 were included. The dose prescription included 60 to 85 Gy/4 to 5 fr, with only 68 Gy/4 fr used from 2018 onward.

Heavy water inhibits DNA double-strand break repairs and disturbs cellular transcription, presumably via quantum-level mechanisms of kinetic isotope effects on hydrolytic enzyme reactions.

Heavy water, containing the heavy hydrogen isotope, is toxic to cells, although the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. In addition, certain enzymatic proton transfer reactions exhibit kinetic isotope effects attributed to hydrogen isotopes and their temperature dependencies, indicative of quantum tunneling phenomena. However, the correlation between the biological effects of heavy water and the kinetic isotope effects mediated by hydrogen isotopes remains elusive.

Recent developments in the field of radiotherapy for the management of lung cancer.

Lung cancer has a poor prognosis, and further improvements in outcomes are needed. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of unresectable lung cancer, and there have been recent developments in the field of radiotherapy for the management of lung cancer. However, to date, there have been few reviews on the improvement in treatment outcomes associated with high precision radiotherapy for lung cancer.

Synergistic effect of Gemcitabin-loaded metal organic frameworks nanoparticles with particle therapy.

Combination of nanoagents with radiations has opened up new perspectives in cancer treatment, improving both tumor diagnosis and therapeutic index. This work presents the first investigation of an innovative strategy that combines porous metal-organic frameworks (nanoMOFs) loaded with the anti-cancer drug Gemcitabine monophosphate (GemMP) and particle therapy-a globally emerging technique that offers more precise radiation targeting and enhanced biological efficacy compared to conventional radiotherapy. This radiochemotherapy has been confronted with two major obstacles limiting the efficacy of therapeutics when tested in vivo: (i) the presence of hypoxia, one of the most important causes for radiotherapy failure and (ii) the presence of a microenvironment, main biological barrier to the direct penetration of nanoparticles into cancer cells.

Clinical target volume design and dose in carbon-ion radiation therapy for sinonasal mucosal melanoma.

Background And Purpose: No guidelines exist for the clinical target volume (CTV) and radiotherapy dose in sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM). Thus, we aimed to determine the carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) CTV and dose for SNMM.

Materials And Methods: In total, 135 patients with SNMM who received CIRT were reviewed.

Dimethyl Sulfoxide Attenuates Ionizing Radiation-induced Centrosome Overduplication and Multipolar Cell Division in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Centrosomes are important organelles for cell division and genome stability. Ionizing radiation exposure efficiently induces centrosome overduplication via the disconnection of the cell and centrosome duplication cycles. Over duplicated centrosomes cause mitotic catastrophe or chromosome aberrations, leading to cell death or tumorigenesis.

Study of Simultaneous Integrated Boost Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CiRT) has been used for the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) with uniform dose plan. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique with scanned CiRT against LAPC.

Materials And Methods: Data of 21 patients with LAPC were used to compare two treatment planning approaches: a conventional uniform dose approach and a SIB approach.

Stem Cell Therapy Using Bone Marrow-Derived Muse Cells Repairs Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury Through Their Intestine-Homing via Sphingosine Monophosphate-Sphingosine Monophosphate Receptor 2 Interaction.

Purpose: There is still no effective treatment for the gastrointestinal side effects of radiation therapy. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are tissue stem cells that have the ability to spontaneously home in on injured tissues and repair them. Several clinical trials have shown that stem cell therapy using human bone marrow-derived Muse (hBM-Muse) cells is effective in treating various diseases, but it is not known whether they are effective in treating radiation-induced intestinal injury.

Carbon-ion radiotherapy for clear cell odontogenic carcinomas.

Background: Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare odontogenic malignant tumor. The standard treatment for CCOC is surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Radiotherapy is generally considered in inoperable cases.

Significance of androgen-deprivation therapy for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer treated with high-dose radiotherapy: A literature review.

The real-world benefits of adding androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and its optimal duration when combined with current standard high-dose radiation therapy (RT) remain unknown. We aimed to assess the efficacy of and toxicities associated with ADT in the setting of combination with high-dose RT for intermediate-risk (IR) and high-risk (HR) prostate cancer (PCa). This article is a modified and detailed version of the commentary on Clinical Question 8 described in the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (ver.