A novel Mn-activated layered oxide-fluoride perovskite-type KNaMoOF red phosphor for wide gamut warm white light-emitting diode backlights.

Mn-activated oxide-fluoride phosphors are attractive for application in a wide range of solid-state lighting devices because of their distinct red emission at about 630 nm and the abundant storage of Mn ions. However, the zero-phonon line (ZPL) of Mn ions is too weak to be detected in most host materials due to the magnetic dipole nature. In this article, we introduce a co-precipitation method for synthesizing a Mn-doped oxyfluoride perovskite KNaMoOF phosphor containing [MoOF] building units.

Mechanism of the formation of proton transfer pathways in photosynthetic reaction centers.

In photosynthetic reaction centers from purple bacteria (PbRCs) from , the secondary quinone Q accepts two electrons and two protons via electron-coupled proton transfer (PT). Here, we identify PT pathways that proceed toward the Q binding site, using a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach. As the first electron is transferred to Q, the formation of the Grotthuss-like pre-PT H-bond network is observed along Asp-L213, Ser-L223, and the distal Q carbonyl O site.

Structural insights into cyanobacterial photosystem II intermediates associated with Psb28 and Tsl0063.

Photosystem II (PSII) is a multisubunit pigment-protein complex and catalyses light-induced water oxidation, leading to the conversion of light energy into chemical energy and the release of dioxygen. We analysed the structures of two Psb28-bound PSII intermediates, Psb28-RC47 and Psb28-PSII, purified from a psbV-deletion strain of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus, using cryo-electron microscopy. Both Psb28-RC47 and Psb28-PSII bind one Psb28, one Tsl0063 and an unknown subunit.

ATR-FTIR Spectroelectrochemical Study on the Mechanism of the pH Dependence of the Redox Potential of the Non-Heme Iron in Photosystem II.

The non-heme iron that bridges the two plastoquinone electron acceptors, Q and Q, in photosystem II (PSII) is known to have a redox potential () of ∼+400 mV with a pH dependence of ∼-60 mV/pH. However, titratable amino acid residues that are coupled to the redox reaction of the non-heme ion and responsible for its pH dependence remain unidentified. In this study, to clarify the mechanism of the pH dependent change of (Fe/Fe), we investigated the protonation structures of amino acid residues correlated with the pH-induced (Fe/Fe) changes using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroelectrochemistry combined with the attenuated total reflection (ATR) and light-induced difference techniques.

Action Mode of the Mycotoxin Patulin as a Novel Natural Photosystem II Inhibitor.

A biocontrol method plays an important role in weed management. In this study, we aimed to clarify the phytotoxicity of the mycotoxin patulin (PAT) and reveal its mode of action as a new natural photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor. Phytotoxicity test showed that PAT has herbicidal activity and causes significant leaf lesions on .

Analysis of the changes of electron transfer and heterogeneity of photosystem II in Deg1-reduced Arabidopsis plants.

Deg1 protease functions in protease and chaperone of PSII complex components, but few works were performed to study the effects of Deg1 on electron transport activities on the donor and acceptor side of PSII and its correlation with the photoprotection of PSII during photoinhibition. Therefore, we performed systematic and comprehensive investigations of electron transfers on the donor and acceptor sides of photosystem II (PSII) in the Deg1-reduced transgenic lines deg1-2 and deg1-4. Both the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (F/F) and the actual PSII efficiency (Φ) decreased significantly in the transgenic plants.

Determination of the Aggregation Number of Pyrene-Labeled Gemini Surfactant Micelles by Pyrene Fluorescence Quenching Measurements.

A cationic gemini surfactant referred to as Py-3-12 and composed of two alkylated diammonium bromide head groups, a propyl spacer, and dodecyl and 1-pyrenehexyl hydrophobic tails was synthesized. Its critical micellar concentration (CMC) was determined to equal 0.15 (±0.

Specialized nutrition improves muscle function and physical activity without affecting chemotherapy efficacy in C26 tumour-bearing mice.

Background: Skeletal muscle wasting and fatigue are commonly observed in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and associated with reduced treatment outcome and quality of life. Nutritional support may mitigate these side effects, but potential interference with chemotherapy efficacy could be of concern. Here, we investigated the effects of an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), leucine-enriched, high-protein (100% whey), additional vitamin D, and prebiotic fibres 'specific nutritional composition' (SNC) and chemotherapy on state-of-the-art tumour organoids and muscle cells and studied muscle function, physical activity, systemic inflammation, and chemotherapy efficacy in a mouse model of aggressive colorectal cancer (CRC).

Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant.

Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants threatens progress toward control of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. In a phase 1-2 trial involving healthy adults, the NVX-CoV2373 nanoparticle vaccine had an acceptable safety profile and was associated with strong neutralizing-antibody and antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4+ T-cell responses. Evaluation of vaccine efficacy was needed in a setting of ongoing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Methanol Mitigation during Manufacturing of Fruit Spirits with Special Consideration of Novel Coffee Cherry Spirits.

Methanol is a natural ingredient with major occurrence in fruit spirits, such as apple, pear, plum or cherry spirits, but also in spirits made from coffee pulp. The compound is formed during fermentation and the following mash storage by enzymatic hydrolysis of naturally present pectins. Methanol is toxic above certain threshold levels and legal limits have been set in most jurisdictions.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of Compounds Isolated from .

is a native black ginger that grows in Vietnam. In point of fact, there is limitation of available information in the literature making mention of the chemical constituents and bioactive properties of this plant. This study is aimed at isolating -coumaric acid (), -cinnamic acid (), and borneol () from the rhizomes of Q.

Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying perpetration and victimization: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bullying first emerged as an important topic of research in the 1980s in Norway (Olweus), and a recent meta-analysis shows that these forms of aggression remain prevalent among young people globally (Modecki et al.). Prominent researchers in the field have defined bullying as any aggressive behavior that incorporates three key elements, namely: (1) an intention to harm, (2) repetitive in nature, and (3) a clear power imbalance between perpetrator and victim (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Farrington).

Slr0320 Is Crucial for Optimal Function of Photosystem II during High Light Acclimation in sp. PCC 6803.

Upon exposure of photosynthetic organisms to high light (HL), several HL acclimation responses are triggered. Herein, we identified a novel gene, , critical for HL acclimation in sp. PCC 6803.

A genome-scale CRISPR Cas9 dropout screen identifies synthetically lethal targets in SRC-3 inhibited cancer cells.

Steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3/NCoA3/AIB1), is a key regulator of gene transcription and it plays a central role in breast cancer (BC) tumorigenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Beyond its function as an important regulator of estrogen receptor transcriptional activity, SRC-3 also functions as a coactivator for a wide range of other transcription factors, suggesting SRC-3 inhibition can be beneficial in hormone-independent cancers as well. The recent discovery of a potent SRC-3 small molecule inhibitor, SI-2, enabled the further development of additional related compounds.

Exploiting the photoactivity of bacterial reaction center to investigate liposome dynamics.

Charge recombination kinetics of bacterial photosynthetic protein Reaction Center displays an exquisite sensitivity to the actual occupancy of ubiquinone-10 in its Q-binding site. Here, we have exploited such phenomenon for assessing the growth and the aggregation/fusion of phosphocholine vesicles embedding RC in their membrane, when treated with sodium oleate.

The Mechanisms of Electrogenic Reactions in Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Centers: Studies in Collaboration with Alexander Konstantinov.

In this review, we discuss our studies conducted in 1985-1988 in collaboration with A. A. Konstantinov, one of the top scientists in the field of membrane bioenergetics.

Effects of metamitron on fruit set and photosynthetic biological characteristics of apples.

With dwarfing interstock Fuji apples as the test materials and water treatment as the control (CK), we examined the fruit thinning effect and its influences on leaves' photosynthesis by spraying 200, 300, and 400 mg·L metamitron during the young fruit period to solve artificial fruit thinning problems (time-consuming, much labor, and low efficiency). The results showed that metamitron application could significantly reduce the inflorescence and flowers' fruit-setting rate by 16.5%-22.

Regulation of Photosystem II Heterogeneity and Photochemistry in Two Cultivars of C Crop Sugarcane Under Chilling Stress.

In subtropical regions, chilling stress is one of the major constraints for sugarcane cultivation, which hampers yield and sugar production. Two recently released sugarcane cultivars, moderately chilling tolerant Guitang 49 and chilling tolerant Guitang 28, were selected. The experiments were conducted in the controlled environment, and seedlings were exposed to optimum (25°C/15°C), chilling (10°C/5°C), and recovery (25°C/15°C) temperature conditions.

PRMT5 inhibition disrupts splicing and stemness in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly cancer in which cancer stem cells (CSCs) sustain tumor growth and contribute to therapeutic resistance. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has recently emerged as a promising target in GBM. Using two orthogonal-acting inhibitors of PRMT5 (GSK591 or LLY-283), we show that pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 suppresses the growth of a cohort of 46 patient-derived GBM stem cell cultures, with the proneural subtype showing greater sensitivity.

Effects of Different Planting Densities on Photosynthesis in Maize Determined via Prompt Fluorescence, Delayed Fluorescence and P700 Signals.

The mutual shading among individual field-grown maize plants resulting from high planting density inevitably reduces leaf photosynthesis, while regulating the photosynthetic transport chain has a strong impact on photosynthesis. However, the effect of high planting density on the photosynthetic electron transport chain in maize currently remains unclear. In this study, we simultaneously measured prompt chlorophyll fluorescence (PF), modulated 820 nm reflection (MR) and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence (DF) in order to investigate the effect of high planting density on the photosynthetic electron transport chain in two maize hybrids widely grown in China.

Chemical composition, structures, and light absorption of N-containing aromatic compounds emitted from burning wood and charcoal in household cookstoves.

N-containing aromatic compounds (NACs) are an important group of light-absorbing molecules in the atmosphere. They are often observed in combustion emissions, but their chemical formulas and structural characteristics remain uncertain. In this study, red oak wood and charcoal fuels were burned in cookstoves using the standard water boiling test (WBT) procedure.

T-Cell Therapy for Lymphoma Using Nonengineered Multiantigen-Targeted T Cells Is Safe and Produces Durable Clinical Effects.

Purpose: Patients with relapsed lymphomas often fail salvage therapies including high-dose chemotherapy and mono-antigen-specific T-cell therapies, highlighting the need for nontoxic, novel treatments. To that end, we clinically tested an autologous T-cell product that targets multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by lymphomas with the intent of treating disease and preventing immune escape.

Patients And Methods: We expanded polyclonal T cells reactive to five TAAs: PRAME, SSX2, MAGEA4, SURVIVIN, and NY-ESO-1.