Clove bud oil reduces kynurenine and inhibits pqs A gene expression in P. aeruginosa.

Quorum sensing (QS), a communication system involved in virulence of pathogenic bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promising target to combat multiple drug resistance. In vitro studies using clove bud oil (CBO) in P. aeruginosa revealed a concentration dependent attenuation of a variety of virulence factors including motility, extracellular DNA, exopolysaccharides and pigment production.

Protection of DNA From Ionizing Radiation-Induced Lesions by Asiaticoside.

This study aims to investigate whether asiaticoside, a triterpene glycoside, can afford protection to DNA from alterations induced by gamma radiation under in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo conditions. In vitro studies were done on plasmid pBR322 DNA, ex vivo studies were done on cellular DNA of human peripheral blood leukocytes, and in vivo investigations were conducted on cellular DNA of spleen and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to whole-body gamma radiation. The supercoiled form of the plasmid pBR322 DNA upon exposure to the radiation was converted into relaxed open circular form due to induction of strand breaks.

Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) as an early diagnostic biomarker in patients with acute chest pain.

Background: Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is an emerging biomarker, which was found to be sensitive for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We prospectively investigated the usefulness of H-FABP determination for the evaluation of acute chest pain in patients arriving at the emergency department.

Methods: Fifty-four patients presenting with acute ischemic chest pain were evaluated.

Assessment of Pathological Response of Breast Carcinoma in Modified Radical Mastectomy Specimens after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Aim. Paclitaxel based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen (NAT) in the setting of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) can render inoperable tumor (T4, N2/N3) resectable. The aim of this study was to assess the status of carcinoma in the breast and lymph nodes after paclitaxel based NAT in order to find out the patient and the tumor characteristics that correspond to the pathological responses which could be used as a surrogate biomarker to assess the treatment response.

Anticancer Property of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Drug Complexes: An In Vitro Study.

Tumor-specific targeting of chemotherapeutic drugs can increase the therapeutic efficacy of most anticancer drugs. On surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs), we complexed a hypoxic cell-targeting agent, sanazole (SAN), and a cytotoxic isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine (BBN). The major objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity in murine tumor cells (DLA) induced by NP-BBN-SAN complexes.

Generic drugs: Review and experiences from South India.

The cost of pharmaceuticals, as a percentage of total healthcare spending, has been rising worldwide. This has resulted in strained national budgets and a high proportion of people without access to essential medications. Though India has become a global hub of generic drug manufacturing, the expected benefits of cheaper drugs are not translating into savings for ordinary people.

Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study on assessment of health-care needs of patients with severe mental illnesses as perceived by their family caregivers and health-care providers.

Aim: To study the health-care needs of the patients with severe mental disorders as perceived by their family caregivers and the treating psychiatrists.

Materials And Methods: Caregivers of patients with severe mental disorders and their treating psychiatrists were assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need-Research Version (CAN-R) scale and indigenously designed Supplementary Assessment of Needs Scale (SNAS).

Results: The study included 1494 patients recruited from 15 centers.

Single-molecule sequencing reveals the molecular basis of multidrug-resistance in ST772 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of hospital-associated infection, but there is growing awareness of the emergence of multidrug-resistant lineages in community settings around the world. One such lineage is ST772-MRSA-V, which has disseminated globally and is increasingly prevalent in India. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of DAR4145, a strain of the ST772-MRSA-V lineage from India, and investigate its genomic characteristics in regards to antibiotic resistance and virulence factors.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among the Rural Geriatric Population: A Pilot Study in Karnataka, India.

Background: Increasing life expectancy around the world, an outstanding achievement of our century, has brought with it new public health challenges. India is the second most populous country in the world, with over 72 million inhabitants above 60 years of age as of 2001. The life expectancy in India increased from 32 years in 1947 to over 66 years in 2010, with 8.

A clinical study assessing the efficacy of a new variant of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system for abnormal uterine bleeding.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new variant of the levonorgestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)-Emily-for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase 4 study was conducted at six centers in India between July 2012 and August 2013. Eligible women were aged 30-50years, had completed their family, had AUB, and a pictorial bleeding assessment chart (PBAC) score of at least 100.

Indian Psychiatric Society multicentric study on assessment of health-care needs of patients with severe mental illnesses.

Aim: To assess the health-care needs of the patients with severe mental disorders.

Materials And Methods: Patients with the diagnosis of a severe mental disorder (schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, recurrent depressive disorder, major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder) were assessed using Camberwell Assessment of Need-Research version (CAN-R) Scale and indigenously designed Supplementary Needs Assessment Scale (SNAS).

Results: The study included 1494 patients recruited from 15 centers.

Sanazole directed targeting of silver nanoparticle drug complex to tumor mass: a preclinical investigation in murine model.

Aim Of Study: To explore sanazole (AK) directed targeting of the antineoplastic drug doxorubicin (DOX) complexed with silver nanoparticles (SNs) to tumor growth in a murine model.

Materials And Methods: Sanazole (AK) and DOX were complexed with SNs, individually and in combination to obtain SN-AK, SN-DOX, and SN-AK-DOX. Solid tumors were developed on hind limbs of Swiss albino mice by transplanting Dalton's lymphoma ascitess (DLAs) tumor cells.

Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)-based skin substitutes: In vivo evaluation of wound healing and the mechanism of cell proliferation.

In the present study, we have fabricated electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)-based membranes, characterized and studied the in vivo cell migration and proliferation and wound healing activity. Moreover, we did not seed any cells prior to the animal implantation and we could observe excellent fibroblast attachment and cell proliferation. Further full thickness excision wound on guinea pig completely healed within 35 days.

Amelioration of doxorubicin induced cardio-and hepato-toxicity by carotenoids.

Aim Of Study: The aim of this study is to explore the ability of the carotenoids (CARs) to offer protection against acute cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (DOX) (25 mg/kg) in tumor bearing Swiss albino mice.

Materials And Methods: Tumor bearing Swiss albino mice administered with DOX (25 mg/kg, i.p) and two doses of CARs (50 and 100 μg/kg).

Completely green synthesis of dextrose reduced silver nanoparticles, its antimicrobial and sensing properties.

We herein report the green synthesis of highly monodispersed, water soluble, stable and smaller sized dextrose reduced gelatin capped-silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) via an eco-friendly, completely green method. The synthesis involves the use of silver nitrate, gelatin, dextrose and water as the silver precursor, stabilizing agent, reducing agent and solvent respectively. By varying the reaction time, the temporal evolution of the growth, optical, antimicrobial and sensing properties of the as-synthesised Ag-NPs were investigated.

Molecular studies on coronary artery disease-a review.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the entire world population. The conventional risk factors of CAD include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, family history, smoking etc. These factors contribute only 50 % of the total risk of CAD.

Ayurvedic formulations ameliorate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: preclinical studies on Brahma Rasayana and Chyavanaprash.

Aim Of Study: To explore the ability of two Ayurvedic formulations, Brahma Rasayana (BRM) and Chyavanaprash (CHM) in alleviating Cisplatin (Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum [II] CDDP) induced acute nephrotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Swiss albino mice were administered with CDDP (12 mg/kg, i.p) and two doses of BRM or CHM (1 and 2 g/kg).