Long-acting injectable antipsychotic use in patients with bipolar disorder: Findings from the REAP-BD study.

Aims: This study aimed to assess treatment patterns and the effectiveness of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) across various Asian countries. The study focused on comparing the choices of LAIs, other psychotropic medications, and their psychotropic drug load to explore real-world usage and evaluate the potential benefits of LAIs in BD treatment across different countries.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with BD patients diagnosed according to ICD-10-CM codes F31.

Salivary advanced glycated end products, their receptors, and aMMP-8 in periodontitis patients with varying glycemic levels: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) have been implicated in developing periodontal complications in diabetic patients. This study aimed to identify salivary AGE, RAGE, soluble RAGE (sRAGE), and active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) levels at varying glycemic levels in periodontitis patients.

Methods: Ninety-eight participants were categorized into uncontrolled DM-PD group (n = 27)-periodontitis patients with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%); controlled DM-PD group (n = 33)-periodontitis patients with controlled T2DM (HbA1c 5.

Diabetic Retinopathy and Periodontitis: Implications from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions worldwide, is associated with microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and periodontitis. Understanding their interrelationship is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the association between DR and periodontitis in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

Leflunomide-Induced Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe idiosyncratic drug reaction. This commonly manifests with fever, lymphadenopathy, and a maculopapular rash. It can be fatal if early diagnosis and removal of the offending agent do not occur.

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Photodynamic therapy: An emerging therapeutic modality in dentistry.

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a rapidly evolving, non-invasive treatment modality with considerable promise in dental pharmacotherapeutics. This review article comprehensively examines PDT, beginning with its principles and then delving into its diverse applications in dentistry, including periodontal disease, endodontics, oral cancer, dental implants, and dental caries. Each area presents the latest research and discusses the potential benefits and challenges.

A study on possible risk factors for progressive supranuclear palsy in southern part of India.

The etiological factors leading to progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the role of various risk factors in patients with PSP. A case-control study was conducted over a period of two years from March 2016 to March 2018.

The Effectiveness of Curcumin Nanoparticle-Coated Titanium Surfaces in Osteogenesis: A Systematic Review.

(1) Background: This systematic review critically appraises and synthesizes evidence from in vitro studies investigating the effects of curcumin nanoparticles on titanium surface modification, focusing on cell adhesion, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization. (2) Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases, yielding six in vitro studies that met the inclusion criteria. The search strategy and study selection process followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

Oral health status and dental treatment needs in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective: To evaluate oral health care practices, health status, and dental treatment needs in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 96 children diagnosed with ASD per the DSM-V criteria and 96 typically developing healthy children. The WHO form assessed oral health status and dental treatment needs.

Etiologies and Risk Factors of Anterior and Posterior Circulation Strokes: A Comparison Study From South India.

Introduction: While anterior and posterior circulation strokes share most pathophysiological mechanisms, there is concern that significant differences may exist in some etiopathogenic factors. This study aims to compare the etiologies and risk factors of patients with anterior and posterior circulation strokes to ascertain if the operating mechanisms are any different and warrant different interventions.

Methods: A retrospective study compared the etiologies, risk factors, and stroke severity of 350 patients diagnosed with either anterior circulation infarcts (ACI) or posterior circulation infarcts (PCI) confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Spectrum and Outcome of Pure Midbrain Strokes.

Background: Pure mesencephalic infarcts are uncommon, the main clinical manifestations being oculomotor signs and ataxia.

Objectives: Primary objective was to determine the incidence of pure midbrain strokes. We also evaluated the clinical spectrum, syndromes, arterial territories involved, risk factors, and outcome at 3 months.

"Visualization matters" - stereoscopic visualization of 3D graphic neuroanatomic models through AnaVu enhances basic recall and radiologic anatomy learning when compared with monoscopy.

Background: The authors had previously developed AnaVu, a low-resource 3D visualization tool for stereoscopic/monoscopic projection of 3D models generated from pre-segmented MRI neuroimaging data. However, its utility in neuroanatomical education compared to conventional methods (specifically whether the stereoscopic or monoscopic mode is more effective) is still unclear.

Methods: A three-limb randomized controlled trial was designed.

Prevalence of Cognitive Defects Among Senior Inmates of Old-Age Homes in a District of South Kerala.

Background Cognitive decline, including mild cognitive impairment and major neurocognitive disorder, is a growing concern among aging populations. The prevalence of these disorders is especially relevant in regions experiencing a surge in elderly care infrastructure, such as Kerala, India. Within the context of sociocultural shifts and a rising elderly population, old-age homes are increasingly becoming the focal point of care and support for cognitive health.

Fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite for alveolar ridge preservation.

Alveolar ridge resorption following tooth extraction poses significant challenges for future dental restorations. This study investigated the efficacy of fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite (FSHA) as a socket preservation graft material to maintain alveolar bone volume and architecture. FSHA was extracted from *Labeo rohita* fish scales and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis.

Association between metabolic syndrome and salivary MMP-8, myeloperoxidase in periodontitis.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on periodontal clinical parameters and salivary biomarkers' matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in patients with periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 120 participants aged 25-55 were categorized into three groups: MetS with periodontitis (n = 40); systemically healthy with periodontitis (n = 40); and systemically and periodontally healthy controls (n = 40). Data collected included systemic parameters like waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high- and low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Deciduous and Permanent Teeth.

In the realm of regenerative medicine and therapeutic applications, stem cell research is rapidly gaining traction. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which are present in both deciduous and permanent teeth, have emerged as a vital stem cell source due to their accessibility, adaptability, and innate differentiation capabilities. DPSCs offer a readily available and abundant reservoir of mesenchymal stem cells, showcasing impressive versatility and potential, particularly for regenerative purposes.

A Comparative Study of Dynamic Hip Screws and Proximal Femoral Nails in Intertrochanteric Fractures.

Background Intertrochanteric fractures, which occur in the hip of older individuals due to the weak and brittle structure of the bone caused by osteoporosis, make up over 50% of all hip fractures. There are several treatment options available for these fractures. The major objective of this study was to carry out a comparative analysis to evaluate the efficacy of dynamic hip screws (DHS) and proximal femoral nails (PFN) in treating intertrochanteric fractures.

The Promise of Cilnidipine in Hypertension with Comorbidities: National Consensus Statement: National Consensus Group Comprises Cardiologists, Nephrologists, and Diabetologists from India in a National Meet at New Delhi held on 22 May 2022.

The rapidly increasing burden of hypertension is responsible for premature deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal disease, and stroke, with a tremendous public health and financial burden. Hypertension detection, treatment, and control vary worldwide; it is still low, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). High blood pressure (BP) and CVD risk have a strong, linear, and independent association.

Comparison of Peyton's Four-Step Approach With the Conventional Bedside Technique in Teaching Clinical Examination Skills to Medical Students.

Background:  Conventional bedside teaching (CBT) is an integral and classical method for imparting clinical skills to undergraduates in medical schools. It is a traditionally successful approach, especially when it comes to imparting patient-doctor relationship skills and knowledge on clinical management. Peyton's four-step approach (PFSA) is one of the newer structured instructional approaches for teaching-learning, especially for imparting procedural and complex psychomotor skills.