Examining transfer of TERT to mitochondria under oxidative stress.

The primary role of telomerase is the lengthening of telomeres. Nonetheless, emerging evidence highlights additional functions of telomerase outside of the nucleus. Specifically, its catalytic subunit, TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase), is detected in the cytosol and mitochondria.

The heterogeneity of aqueous solutions: the current situation in the context of experiment and theory.

The advancement of experimental methods has provided new information about the structure and structural fluctuations of water. Despite the appearance of numerous models, which aim to describe a wide range of thermodynamic and electrical characteristics of water, there is a deficit in systemic understanding of structuring in aqueous solutions. A particular challenge is the fact that even pure water is a heterogeneous, multicomponent system composed of molecular and supramolecular structures.

[The Structural Features of Skeletal Muscle Titin Aggregates].

Titin is a multidomain protein of striated and smooth muscles of vertebrates. The protein consists of repeating immunoglobulin-like (Ig) and fibronectin-like (FnIII) domains, which are β-sandwiches with a predominant β-structure, and also contains disordered regions. In this work, the methods of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to study the morphology and structure of aggregates of rabbit skeletal muscle titin obtained in two different solutions: 0.

Study of the Synchronization and Transmission of Intracellular Signaling Oscillations in Cells Using Bispectral Analysis.

The oscillation synchronization analysis in biological systems will expand our knowledge about the response of living systems to changes in environmental conditions. This knowledge can be used in medicine (diagnosis, therapy, monitoring) and agriculture (increasing productivity, resistance to adverse effects). Currently, the search is underway for an informative, accurate and sensitive method for analyzing the synchronization of oscillatory processes in cell biology.

ANT-Mediated Inhibition of the Permeability Transition Pore Alleviates Palmitate-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Lipotoxicity.

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for vascular lesions in diabetes mellitus and other metabolic disorders, although its basis remains poorly understood. One of the key pathogenetic events in this condition is mitochondrial dysfunction associated with the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore, a drop in the membrane potential, and ROS overproduction. Here, we investigated the effects of bongkrekic acid and carboxyatractyloside, a potent blocker and activator of the MPT pore opening, respectively, acting through direct interaction with the adenine nucleotide translocator, on the progression of mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse primary lung endothelial cells exposed to elevated levels of palmitic acid.

A method for producing protease pS273R of the African swine fever virus.

The pS273R protease of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) is responsible for the processing of the viral polyproteins pp220 and pp62, precursors of the internal capsid of the virus. The protease is essential for a productive viral infection and is an attractive target for antiviral therapy. This work presents a method for the production of pS273R in E.

Femtosecond Dynamics of the Excited Primary Electron Donor in Reaction Centers of the Purple Bacterium .

Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy was used to study the dynamics of the excited primary electron donor in the reaction centers of the purple bacterium . Using global analysis and the interval method, we found a correlation between the vibrational coherence damping of the excited primary electron donor and the lifetime of the charge-separated state PB, indicating the reversibility of electron transfer to the primary electron acceptor, the B molecule. In the reaction centers, the signs of superposition of two electronic states of P were found for a delay time of less than 200 fs.

Expression in of Thermostable Endo-1,4-β-xylanase from the Actinobacterium : Properties and Use for Saccharification of Xylan-Containing Products.

A gene encoding a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme was cloned from the genome of the bacterium . Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the protein showed the presence of the catalytic domain of the endo-1,4-β-xylanases of the GH11 family. The gene was amplified by PCR and ligated into the pPic9m vector.

Regulatory Role and Cytoprotective Effects of Exogenous Recombinant SELENOM under Ischemia-like Conditions and Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Cortical Cells In Vitro.

Despite the successes in the prevention and treatment of strokes, it is still necessary to search for effective cytoprotectors that can suppress the damaging factors of cerebral ischemia. Among the known neuroprotectors, there are a number of drugs with a protein nature. In the present study, we were able to obtain recombinant SELENOM, a resident of the endoplasmic reticulum that exhibits antioxidant properties in its structure and functions.

The genus Coelastrella (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta): molecular species delimitation, biotechnological potential, and description of a new species Coelastrella affinis sp. nov., based on an integrative taxonomic approach.

Despite the long research history on the genus Coelastrella, its species diversity and biotechnological potential have not been fully explored. For the first time, cluster analysis of morphological characteristics was done in the representatives of the said genus. The results obtained have shown that morphological similarity does not necessarily indicate a molecular genetic relationship.

Water determines the intramolecular dynamics of proteins. En example of bovine serum albumin.

In this work, the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy method analyzed solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in two high concentrations (50 and 334 mg/mL) at three pH values (2.5, 6.5, 8.

Mannitol as a Growth Substrate for Facultative Methylotroph Methylobrevis pamukkalensis PK2.

Biochemistry of carbon assimilation in aerobic methylotrophs growing on reduced C1 compounds has been intensively studied due to the vital role of these microorganisms in nature. The biochemical pathways of carbon assimilation in methylotrophs growing on multi-carbon substrates are insufficiently explored. Here we elucidated the metabolic route of mannitol assimilation in the alphaproteobacterial facultative methylotroph Methylobrevis pamukkalensis PK2.

The Role of Ion Channels and Intracellular Signaling Cascades in the Inhibitory Action of WIN 55,212-2 upon Hyperexcitation.

Gi-coupled receptors, particularly cannabinoid receptors (CBRs), are considered perspective targets for treating brain pathologies, including epilepsy. However, the precise mechanism of the anticonvulsant effect of the CBR agonists remains unknown. We have found that WIN 55,212-2 (a CBR agonist) suppresses the synchronous oscillations of the intracellular concentration of Ca ions (epileptiform activity) induced in the neurons of rat hippocampal neuron-glial cultures by bicuculline or NHCl.

New Insights into spp.-Produced Antibiotics: Genetic Regulation of Biosynthesis and Implementation in Biotechnology.

bacteria are renowned for their remarkable capacity to synthesize antibiotics, namely mupirocin, gluconic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). While these substances are extensively employed in agricultural biotechnology to safeguard plants against harmful bacteria and fungi, their potential for human medicine and healthcare remains highly promising for common science. However, the challenge of obtaining stable producers that yield higher quantities of these antibiotics continues to be a pertinent concern in modern biotechnology.

Phytotoxic Strains of Isolated from Truffles.

Most species are known as endophytes and/or phytopathogens of higher plants and have a worldwide distribution. Recently, information discovered with molecular tools has been also published about the presence of these fungi in the microbiome of truffle fruiting bodies. In the present work, we isolated and identified three strains from truffle fruiting bodies.

Polysaccharide from Helianthus tuberosus L. as a potential radioprotector.

Introduction: Radioprotectors help to protect the body or at least minimize the negative consequences of radiation exposure. The present study aimed to assess the radioprotective potential of Helianthus tuberosus L. polysaccharide (HTLP) in vitality and micronuclei tests.

Authentic hSAA related with AA amyloidosis: New method of purification, folding and amyloid polymorphism.

The secondary amyloidosis of humans is caused by the formation of hSAA fibrils in different organs and tissues. Until now hSAA was thought to have low amyloidogenicity in vitro and the majority of SAA aggregation experiments were done using murine protein or hSAA non-pathogenic isoforms. In this work a novel purification method for recombinant hSAA was introduced, enabling to obtain monomeric protein capable of amyloid aggregation under physiological conditions.

Molecular Mechanisms of the Therapeutic Effect of Selenium Nanoparticles in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

This review describes and summarizes, for the first time, the molecular mechanisms of the cytotoxic effect of selenium nanoparticles of various origins on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The text provides information from recent years indicating the regulation of various signaling pathways and endoplasmic reticulum stress by selenium nanoparticles; the pathways of cell death of liver cancer cells as a result of exposure to selenium nanoparticles are considered. Particular attention is paid to the participation of selenoproteins and selenium-containing thioredoxin reductases and glutathione peroxidases in these processes.

Astrocytic NMDA Receptors.

Astrocytic NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are heterotetramers, whose expression and properties are largely determined by their subunit composition. Astrocytic NMDARs are characterized by a low sensitivity to magnesium ions and low calcium conductivity. Their activation plays an important role in the regulation of various intracellular processes, such as gene expression and mitochondrial function.

A Mouse Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease with Elements of Major Depression.

After olfactory bulbectomy, animals are often used as a model of major depression or sporadic Alzheimer's disease and, hence, the status of this model is still disputable. To elucidate the nature of alterations in the expression of the genome after the operation, we analyzed transcriptomes of the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of the olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice. Analysis of the functional significance of genes in the brain of OBX mice indicates that the balance of the GABA/glutamatergic systems is disturbed with hyperactivation of the latter in the hippocampus, leading to the development of excitotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in the background of severe mitochondrial dysfunction and astrogliosis.

Glyphosate-Induced Phosphonatase Operons in Soil Bacteria of the Genus .

and , bacterial degraders of the herbicide glyphosate, were found to induce phosphonatase (phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase, EC 3.11.1.

Whole Genome Analysis and Assessment of the Metabolic Potential of SCPM-O-B-9993, a Promising Phytostimulant and Antiviral Agent.

This work aimed to study the genome organization and the metabolic potential of strain SCPM-O-B-9993, a promising plant-protecting and plant-stimulating strain isolated from brown semi-desert soils with very high salinity. The strain genome contains a linear chromosome 5,968,715 bp long and has no plasmids. The genome contains 5331 coding sequences among which 2139 (40.

Microbial Biofilms: Features of Formation and Potential for Use in Bioelectrochemical Devices.

Microbial biofilms present one of the most widespread forms of life on Earth. The formation of microbial communities on various surfaces presents a major challenge in a variety of fields, including medicine, the food industry, shipping, etc. At the same time, this process can also be used for the benefit of humans-in bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and various biotechnological processes.