Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia 7 with Novel Compound Heterozygous Variants of in a Boy with Micropenis, Developmental Delay, and Ataxia: The First Korean Case Report.

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by hypoplasia of the pons and cerebellum and global developmental delay. Among several PCH types, PCH7 is a characteristic type that manifests with not only brain lesions but also sexual developmental disorders. The causative gene, , encodes a protein involved in small ribonucleic acid maturation and processing.

A malignant glomus tumor in the nasal cavity responding to radiation therapy.

Malignant glomus tumors of the head and neck are extremely rare, and to our knowledge, a response to high-dose radiation has not been described previously. We report one case in an 80-year-old woman with right nasal cavity mass. Histological examination revealed sheets of atypical round glomus cells.

Low albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio is associated with inferior prognosis in patients with head and neck cancer underwent concurrent chemoradiation: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Low albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) is associated with tumor progression and poor survival outcome in some malignancies.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the prognostic value of AAPR in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 342 patients with HNC treated with definitive or adjuvant CCRT from 2007 to 2017.

Effects of walking with a portable oxygen concentrator on muscle oxygenation while performing normal or pursed-lip breathing in patients with interstitial lung disease: a randomized crossover trial.

Background: In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) reduces physical performance and causes exertional dyspnea. Portable oxygen concentrator (POC) and pursed-lip breathing (PLB) have the potential to improve these parameters in ILD patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of PLB while using a POC during walking in ILD patients.

The stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, cancer stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and B7-H4 expression in ovarian serous carcinoma.

Background: B7-H4 is expressed in various types of cancers and its expression inversely correlates with the degree of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Studies have shown the relationship between B7-H4, cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various cancers. However, very few studies have investigated the relationship between B7-H4, TILs, cancer stemness, and EMT in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Early cardiac rehabilitation after heart transplantation in a patient with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: A case report.

Rationale: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after heart transplantation (HT) decreases the mortality rate and increases exercise capacity of patients. Dilated cardiomyopathy develops in most patients with muscular dystrophy (MD), leading to advanced heart failure, necessitating the use of left ventricular assist devices or HT. As the clinical outcomes of left ventricular assist devices and HT in patients with myopathy differ from those in patients without myopathy, CR adapted to patients with MD should be considered.

Transient severe motion artifacts on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: risk factor analysis in 2230 patients.

Objectives: To determine risk factors for transient severe motion (TSM) artifact on arterial phase of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI using a large cohort.

Methods: A total of 2230 patients who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI was consecutively included. Two readers evaluated respiratory motion artifact on arterial phase images using a 5-point grading scale.

The Korean-Lung Information Needs Questionnaire: Translation, validation and clinical implications in comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation.

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. Several symptom-related questionnaires have been validated to improve understanding for patient with COPD. We aimed to systematically translate the English version of the Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ) into Korean and to verify the reliability, validity and clinical implications in comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).

Effects of a new respiratory muscle training device in community-dwelling elderly men: an open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Respiratory muscle training (RMT) has various clinical benefits in older adults; however, the low adherence to training remains a challenging issue. The present study aimed to confirm the efficacy of a new device that combines inspiratory muscle training and a positive expiratory pressure (IMT/PEP) compared to that of a Threshold IMT device (Philips Respironics Inc), and to determine whether home-based training differed from rehabilitation center training.

Methods: This four-arm, multicenter, parallel, non-inferiority trial randomized 80 active community-dwelling older men (mean age = 72.

Clinical usefulness of multiple arterial-phase images in gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The multiple arterial-phase (AP) technique was introduced for liver MRI, but it is not really known if multiple AP MRI (MA-MRI) improves image quality and lesion detection rate on gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI in comparison with single AP MRI (SA-MRI). We aimed to determine the clinical usefulness of MA-MRI in comparison with SA-MRI.

Methods: Original articles reporting the percentage of adequate AP imaging and the lesion detection rate on gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MA-MRI were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases.

Review on Optical Imaging Techniques for Multispectral Analysis of Nanomaterials.

Biomedical imaging is an essential tool for investigating biological responses . Among the several imaging techniques, optical imaging systems with multispectral analysis of nanoparticles have been widely investigated due to their ability to distinguish the substances in biological tissues . This review article focus on multispectral optical imaging techniques that can provide molecular functional information.

Risk factors for primary site necrosis after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in head and neck cancer.

Objective: To identify risk factors of primary site necrosis (PSN) after definitive concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) in patients with nonoral cavity head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 256 patients treated with CCRT for HNC during 2010-2018. Patient-related (age, sex, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, serum hemoglobin and albumin), tumor-related (tumor site, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage), and treatment-related (induction chemotherapy, maximum point dose and mean dose of planning target volume [PTV] of primary site, absolute volumes of the PTV receiving >50-75 Gy [V-V]) variables were analyzed.

Radiotherapy dose-volume parameters predict facial lymphedema after concurrent chemoradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: To investigate risk factors for developing radiation-associated facial lymphedema (FL) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).

Methods: Clinical data from 87 patients who underwent definitive CCRT for NPC in 2010-2018 was retrospectively evaluated. FL severity was graded using MD Anderson Cancer Center head and neck lymphedema rating scale.

Standardization of the pathologic diagnosis of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.

Although the understanding of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs) and their relationship with disseminated peritoneal mucinous disease have advanced, the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of AMNs are still confusing for pathologists and clinicians. The Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists (GPSG-KSP) proposed a multicenter study and held a workshop for the "Standardization of the Pathologic Diagnosis of the Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm" to overcome the controversy and potential conflicts. The present article is focused on the diagnostic criteria, terminologies, tumor grading, pathologic staging, biologic behavior, treatment, and prognosis of AMNs and disseminated peritoneal mucinous disease.

Identification of acquired tracheoesophageal fistula after tracheostomy decannulation by videofluoroscopic swallowing study: A case report.

Rationale: Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) is a noninvasive radiographic procedure that examines the oral, pharyngeal, and cervical esophageal stages of swallowing. Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is difficult to diagnose depending on its size and location. However, how VFSS can be of benefit in the diagnosis of TEF has not been reported yet.

A novel assessment of abdominal pseudohernia after thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures using surface electromyography and ultrasonography: A case report.

Rationale: An abdominal pseudohernia is a protrusion of the abdominal wall that there is no actual muscular disruption. This report presents a case in which abdominal muscle activities were accurately and quantitatively measured using ultrasonography (US) and surface electromyography in a patient with abdominal pseudohernia.

Patient Concerns: A 62-year-old man presented with a marked protrusion on the left abdomen with increasing abdominal pressure.

Comparison of local recurrence after mastectomy for pure ductal carcinoma with close or positive margins: A meta-analysis.

Background: There is controversy regarding the relationship between margin status and risk of local recurrence (LR) in patients with Ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS) treated by mastectomy.

Purpose: We sought to assess the LR rates for patients with DCIS breast cancer treated by mastectomy with respect to the resection margin (RM) status.

Materials And Methods: Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library published was performed.

CT in the prediction of margin-negative resection in pancreatic cancer following neoadjuvant treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CT-determined resectability following neoadjuvant treatment for predicting margin-negative resection (R0 resection) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Original studies with sufficient details to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of CT-determined resectability following neoadjuvant treatment, with a reference on the pathological margin status, were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases until February 24, 2020. The identified studies were divided into two groups based on the criteria of R0 resectable tumor (ordinary criterion: resectable PDAC alone; extended criterion: resectable and borderline resectable PDAC).

Comprehensive histological evaluation with clinical analysis of venous invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: From histology to clinical implications.

Objectives: Venous invasion is a poor prognostic factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, our understanding of various features of venous invasion is limited. Our aim is to comprehensively evaluate various histopathologic features of venous invasion, including status, type (lymphatic or venous), number of invasion foci, and histologic pattern (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia [PanIN]-like, conventional) in PDACs.

Predictive value of WHO classification for PD-L1 and Her2/Neu expression and distinct associations with protein expression based classification in gastric carcinoma.

The Cancer Genome Atlas data on gastric carcinoma has identified four biologic pathways as potential drivers of gastric carcinogenesis and suggested targeted therapies based on the genomic alterations underscoring each subset. The correlation between morphology, biologic groups and their corresponding biomarkers has been eluded in several previous studies; however, a comprehensive analysis in consideration of the recent advancements has not been performed. In this study we explored the predictive value of morphology for biomarker expression and its association with protein expression based classification of gastric carcinoma.