Ultrasonic Doppler as a guide for feline peripheral arterial catheterization.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine if an ultrasonic Doppler-guided technique (UDGT) leads to improved placement efficacy (time, success) of feline dorsal pedal arterial catheters vs the traditional palpation-guided technique (TPT).

Methods: A total of 26 adult, client-owned cats requiring sedation or general anesthesia for any reason, aged >12 months and weighing >3.0 kg, and with Doppler blood pressure measurements of at least 80 mmHg were enrolled.

Examining the impact of varying low-level laser dose on cardiac failure.

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising tool that can mitigate post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, there is no gold standard energy delivered to the heart and few studies have evaluated the impact of LLLT on cardiac performance. This study evaluated effects of repeated LLLT applications with different energies delivered to the infarcted myocardium.

Evaluation of serum MMP-2 and MMP-3, synovial fluid IL-8, MCP-1, and KC concentrations as biomarkers of stifle osteoarthritis associated with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and MMP-3 in serum, and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant 1 (MCP-1) in synovial fluid (SF) as stifle osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers in dogs. Dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture (OA group) and healthy controls were recruited. Stifles with CrCL deficiency were surgically stabilized.

Randomized Trial of Therapy Dogs Versus Deliberative Coloring (Art Therapy) to Reduce Stress in Emergency Medicine Providers.

Objective: Cognitive stress during shift work contributes to burnout in emergency department (ED) workers. We hypothesize that if physicians and nurses interact with a therapy dog for 5 minutes while on ED shift, both their perceived and their manifested stress levels will decrease.

Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial (NCT03628820), we tested the effectiveness of therapy dogs versus coloring a mandala and versus no intervention (control) on provider stress.

Use of the Thomas splint and cast combination, walker splint, and spica bandage with an over the shoulder splint for the treatment of fractures of the upper limbs in cattle.

Many tibial and radial-ulnar fractures in cattle and small ruminants may be treated successfully with Thomas splint and cast combinations (TSCC). The Walker splint has been specifically designed for treating tibial fractures and stifle injuries in cattle.It usually fits better in rear limbs of cattle than the TSCC and thus can provide more stability.

Early growth response-1 (EGR-1) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) cooperate to mediate CD40L expression in megakaryocytes and platelets.

Increasing evidence implicates circulating platelets as mediators of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases via the expression and release of CD40L, an important modulator of inflammation and adaptive immune responses traditionally associated with activated T cells. Emerging evidence suggests that platelet CD40L is dynamically regulated in several chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and may mediate progression and secondary pathology associated with those disease states. The present study identifies NFATc2 as a key transcriptional modulator of CD40L expression in megakaryocytes and inflammatory activity of platelets.

Canine intervertebral disc fenestration using a vacuum-assisted tissue resection device.

Objective: Describe the use and feasibility of a novel vacuum-assisted tissue resection device (VRD) for canine intervertebral disc fenestration, and compare the effectiveness of manual fenestration to the VRD.

Study Design: Randomized prospective study.

Animals: Canine cadavers (n = 15).

Hematologic abnormalities in the small animal cancer patient.

Veterinarians will encounter hematologic abnormalities routinely while treating small animal cancer patients. Some of these abnormalities, such as monoclonal gammopathy, are relatively rare and highly associated with specific neoplasms. Thus, their detection should compel a search for underlying cancer.

Prospective trial of metronomic chlorambucil chemotherapy in dogs with naturally occurring cancer.

The purpose of this study was to assess the toxicoses and antitumor activity of metronomic chlorambucil at a dosage of 4 mg m(-2) daily in dogs with naturally occurring cancer. Thirty-six dogs were enrolled in the study. The protocol was well tolerated with no grade 3 or 4 toxicoses noted.

Imaging diagnosis--acquired pectus excavatum secondary to laryngeal paralysis in a dog.

A 13-year-old neutered female Labrador retriever had inspiratory dyspnea secondary to bilateral laryngeal paralysis. Radiographically, there was pectus excavatum with a mediastinal shift to the right. Arytenoid lateralization was performed, relieving the upper respiratory obstruction, and the sternal deformity also resolved.

Septic lens implantation syndrome in a cat.

A 13-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented initially for a change in the appearance of the left eye. On initial examination, a small penetrating wound was suspected as the cause for a corneal scar, an anterior cortical incipient cataract and mild iritis. The cat was not re-presented until 1 year later at which time ocular pain was marked.

Bartonellosis in cats: a role in uveitis?

Bartonellosis has been widely studied in human and veterinary medicine over the past two decades. Despite this fact, it remains an enigmatic disease in many ways. The causative bacteria, Bartonella spp, are transmitted to cats by fleas and thus the prevalence in cat populations, particularly in temperate climates, is high.

Safety evaluation and treatment affect of LY2190416, a CB-1 antagonist/inverse agonist in growing beagle dogs.

The objective of this study was to assess the safe use of LY2190416, a cannabinoid receptor 1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, for obesity management in dogs. Twenty-four clinically normal young beagle dogs were administered LY2190416 at doses of 3, 9, or 18 mg/kg or placebo, orally, once daily for 13 weeks. Food consumption and body weight were determined, and dogs were evaluated for changes in hematology, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, and serum cortisol.

Survey on management practices related to the prevention and control of bovine viral diarrhea virus on dairy farms in Indiana, United States.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to describe the application of management practices known to be associated with the prevention of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection on Indiana dairy farms and to determine the extent of BVDV vaccine use within Indiana dairy herds. The population in this study was Indiana dairy producers enrolled under the Indiana Premise ID list by the Indiana State Board of Animal Health (n=1600). During the fall of 2008 a questionnaire was mailed to Indiana dairy producers.

Stability of 0.5% cidofovir stored under various conditions for up to 6 months.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of time, temperature and storage vial material on the antiviral activity of 0.5% cidofovir solution.

Procedures: Commercial 7.

Coccidioides posadasii keratouveitis in a llama (Lama glama).

A 7-year-old male llama was examined for a 3-month history of weight loss, and unilateral keratouveitis. Clinical examination revealed nonulcerative corneal stromal abscessation, corneal vascularization, corneal edema, miosis, posterior synechia, cataract, and fibrin in the anterior chamber of the right eye. The left eye was normal.

Neural Larva Migrans in an Infant in New York City.

Neural larva migrans (NLM) with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis secondary to raccoon roundworm () infection has been reported in rural and suburban areas of North America and Europe with extant raccoon populations. Most cases have occurred in infants less than two years of age exposed to areas of raccoon fecal contamination. Here, we present a case of -induced NLM from the densely populated borough of Brooklyn in New York City and alert urban pediatricians to consider this cause of clinical neurologic disease even in areas not typically thought to be associated with endemic risk factors.

Gastrointestinal laparoscopy in small animals.

Since 1999, when the author first described the research and potential applications of minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgery in animals, veterinarians have begun to apply some of these techniques in treating client owned animals. Minimally invasive surgery is advocated with diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic intent. There has been a transition from a minimally invasive caseload toward the expansion of diagnostic procedures, adoption of prophylactic procedures (such as lap-assisted gastropexy), and performing more difficult therapeutic procedures.

Safety of transesophageal pacing for 24 hours in a canine model.

Background: Temporary epicardial pacing is often necessary following surgical correction of congenital heart disease. Epicardial pacing wires, while generally effective, can, however, become nonfunctional. Transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) can be a useful adjunct in this setting.

The use of harvested white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and geographic information system (GIS) methods to characterize distribution and locate spatial clusters of Borrelia burgdorferi and its vector Ixodes scapularis in Indiana.

Ixodes scapularis (Say) is the vector for Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) the causative agent of Lyme disease (LD). The increased number and presence of ticks in the environment pose a significant health risk to people and many domestic animals including dogs, cats, and horses. This study characterized the distribution and expansion of I.

Oophorectomy by natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery: feasibility study in dogs.

Background: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) represents a potentially less-invasive alternative to conventional or laparoscopic surgery.

Objective: Our purpose was to develop a canine oophorectomy model for prospective evaluation of intraoperative complications, surgical stress, and postoperative pain and recovery with NOTES.

Design: Feasibility study.

2007 Norden-Pfizer Distinguished Teacher. Evolution of a teacher: helping students learn.

I was honored to receive the 2007 National Carl J. Norden-Pfizer Distinguished Teacher Award. This award reflects the impact that my mentors and students have had on my teaching.

Canine aggression toward familiar people: a new look at an old problem.

Dogs that are aggressive toward their owners have long been regarded as being dominant. This article presents scientific evidence that does not support this claim. Based on this evidence, the authors present an alternative explanation for canine aggression toward owners and outline a treatment plan.

Use of a low-dose ACTH stimulation test for diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism in dogs.

Background: Although definitive diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism usually is made by an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test using 250 microg/dog of synthetic ACTH (cosyntropin/tetracosactrin), increased costs have prompted a search for less-expensive diagnostic methods.

Hypothesis: A low-dose ACTH stimulation test (5 microg/kg) will distinguish between dogs with nonadrenal illness and hypoadrenocorticism. Additionally, administration of cosyntropin will not affect the results of another ACTH stimulation test performed 24 hours later.