A Comparative Study of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography and Gonioscopy in Detection of Narrow, Occludable Angles.

Introduction Glaucoma is a group of progressive optic neuropathies and is a leading cause of blindness. Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a global health problem, and if left untreated, it can lead to irreversible vision loss. Anterior segment imaging with optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) is a rapidly advancing field in ophthalmology.

Hydatid Cyst in the Thigh: An Unusual Extra-hepatic Site.

, a cystic parasite, is the cause of hydatid illnesses. The liver and lungs are the most commonly affected organs. In this study, we report a rare instance of a hydatid cyst of the thigh.

The Biomarker Potential of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by periods of exacerbations and seasonal variations due to the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Various cells, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, and the inflammatory mediators released by them, play a role in its pathogenesis. The current study was conducted to determine the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a marker in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).

Exploring the Determinants of Tobacco Usage Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Western Maharashtra.

Introduction The widespread use of tobacco is a major global health threat, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that annually, millions of people die prematurely due to tobacco use, with this number projected to increase significantly in the future. Developing countries, including India, bear a substantial burden of tobacco-related deaths, often beginning during adolescence.

Outcomes of Femoral Neck System in Treating Intra-capsular Neck of Femur Fractures in a Young Adult: A Case Report.

The introduction of the Femoral Neck System (FNS) represents a promising alternative to traditional cancellous cannulated (CC) screw fixation for managing intra-capsular neck of femur (ICNF) fractures. This case report aims to validate its safety and report the outcomes in a young patient. The findings demonstrate that the FNS possesses excellent biomechanical properties and provides significantly greater overall construct stability bearing in mind, that it was used in a Pauwels Classification Grade 3 ICNF fracture.

Rosuvastatin-Induced Myopathy: A Case Series.

Statins are one of the most crucial drugs used for the prevention of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. A wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from myalgia to symptoms of rhabdomyolysis with or without weakness of the upper and lower limbs are indicative of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis or myopathy. The current case series which represents three patients who developed statin-induced myopathy after starting rosuvastatin is one of a few if not the first case series.

A Critical Investigation of Sick Euthyroid Syndrome in Chronic Heart Failure Patients: Addressing the Need for Accurate Thyroid Assessment.

Background The body undergoes numerous metabolic changes during severe illness or physiological stress to protect itself by lowering metabolism and reducing overall demands. This evolutionary adaptation dates back to early human development, long before the advent of ICU facilities and advanced treatments. One such protective mechanism is Sick Euthyroid Syndrome (SES), also known as Non-thyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS).

Exploring Treatments for a Rare Guillain-Barré Variant: A Case Report of Miller-Fisher Syndrome.

The symptoms of Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) are a triad of areflexia, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia. The condition is a rare variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute immune-mediated nerve disorder. Both conditions involve abnormal autoimmune responses that may often be triggered by infections such as , human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Zika virus, among others.

Improvement in Pulmonary Function Tests After Septoplasty: A Longitudinal Study.

Introduction The relationship between the nasal and pulmonary systems is rooted in the shared anatomy and physiology of the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Our study objective was to assess the improvement in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) after septoplasty in patients with a deviated nasal septum (DNS). Methods A longitudinal study was conducted at a tertiary care center from October 1, 2022, to March 31, 2024.

Safety and Efficacy of Oral Mifepristone for Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor.

Background Labor induction, a common practice to prevent maternal and fetal complications from prolonged labor, involves stimulating contractions before they begin naturally. This can be achieved through medications, mechanical methods, or surgical interventions. Cervical ripening is crucial for successful delivery.

A Rare Case of Transepiphyseal Distal Femur Fracture Dislocation With Delayed Recovery of a Common Peroneal Nerve Injury.

The aim of this study is to bring attention to a unique case and our approach to treatment in this context. We describe a case of an 11-year-old male who presented to us with an injury to his left knee following trauma with pain, swelling, shortening and deformity for one day. An X-ray revealed a transepiphyseal fracture dislocation of the left distal femur (Salter-Harris type 1 injury) and neurovascular examination was conclusive of foot drop which pointed towards injury to common peroneal nerve (CPN).

Fixation of Paediatric Proximal Humerus Fractures Using Percutaneous Pinning: A Case Report.

A 12-year-old male came to our Emergency Department with chief complaints of pain and inability to move the right shoulder for one day following a fall while playing. The range of motion of the right shoulder was restricted and painful in all directions. Initial radiographs revealed a transverse, displaced proximal humerus fracture at the head-shaft junction.

A Systematic Review of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Indian Adults.

This systematic review aimed to consolidate findings on the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among Indian adults. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines 2020 and conducted a comprehensive search across databases including PubMed, Scopus-Elsevier, and hand-searched reference lists using key terms such as "Community-Acquired Pneumonia," "CAP," "Indian," and "adults." Articles published between January 2010 and January 2024 were included, with exclusions for studies involving pediatric populations, non-Indian patients, or those published before 2010.

An Atypical Presentation of Fabry Disease in a Patient With Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report.

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder that leads to the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) across various tissues, stemming from a deficiency in alpha-galactosidase A (GLA). This condition is characterized by a spectrum of clinical manifestations that can significantly complicate diagnosis. Classical symptoms typically include neuropathic pain, angiokeratomas, and significant involvement of the renal and cardiac systems.

Pulsations as a Signal of Danger: A Case of Scalp Cirsoid Aneurysm.

Cirsoid aneurysms, formerly identified as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), represent infrequent vascular anomalies primarily localized within the scalp. These anomalies are typified by the absence of interposing capillaries, giving rise to extensively vascularized, expanded conduits connecting arterial feeders and venous outflows. This report details a case of a 13-year-old male afflicted with a cirsoid aneurysm in the scalp, who presented with swelling on the left frontal region, accompanied by headache and pulsatile sensations.

Anesthetic Management of a 24-Year-Old Male With Tracheal Stenosis Planned for Tracheal Resection and Anastomosis: A Case Report.

Tracheal resection and anastomosis are among the most challenging surgeries. Advancements in this field have made a variety of surgical, anesthetic, and airway management options possible. This procedure calls for multidisciplinary preoperative planning and close communication during surgery and recovery.

Late-Onset Manifestations of Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome: A Case Report.

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is characterized by a range of tumors including phaeochromocytomas, pancreatic adenomas, cerebellar haemangioblastomas, and renal cell carcinomas. A 50-year-old male presented with a three-week history of headache. Additionally, the patient exhibited signs of hypertension.

An Unusual Pattern of Scapular Avulsion Fracture in the Spine: A Case Study.

Acromion fractures, particularly isolated cases, are uncommon but significant in shoulder injuries. There is no universally accepted treatment protocol, but the classification of the fracture helps to guide clinical decisions. We present a case report aiming to contribute to the understanding of treatment options for acromion fractures.

A Neglected Fracture of Acetabulum Treated With Total Hip Replacement.

Total hip replacement (THR) for osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis yields better outcomes than THR for patients with neglected acetabular fractures. The inferior clinical results mostly arise from an unforeseen bone deficit, making the treatment more time-consuming and complex for instances requiring acetabular restoration and bone grafting. There is a lack of research on the clinical results of THR in cases where acetabular fractures have been overlooked.

Imaging in Septic Arthritis With Inflammatory Neuritis: Diagnosing a Rare Complication.

After femoral neck fractures, hip septic arthritis and inflammatory neuritis are extremely rare. For the purpose of making an accurate diagnosis and preventing serious joint damage, early clinical examination and imaging are crucial. Very few studies have thoroughly described the intraoperative and radiographic results of these disorders.

Anesthetic Challenges in a Pregnancy Case With Congenital Kyphoscoliosis.

Kyphoscoliosis is a well-known spinal deformity. The abnormal curvature in both the coronal and sagittal planes presents unique challenges during pregnancy. This case discusses the management of a 27-year-old primigravida with thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis, who underwent an emergency cesarean section at 39.