Correction of epiblepharon of the upper eyelid by the buried suture technique: correlation with morphological features of the upper eyelid.

Aims: To investigate the correlation between morphological features of the upper eyelid and surgical results of the correction of epiblepharon by the buried suture technique.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from March 2001 to June 2005. One hundred and one patients (202 eyes) with upper eyelid epiblepharon were enrolled in this study.

Binocular photophobia after surgical treatment in intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: This study examined the rate of binocular photophobia in intermittent exotropia patients before surgical correction, and the factors affecting this rate. The study also investigated the factors affecting postsurgical disappearance of binocular photophobia.

Methods: The study involved 162 basic type intermittent exotropia patients who underwent surgical correction between March 2001 and January 2006.

Clinical effects of conjunctiva-Müller muscle resection in anophthalmic ptosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effects of conjunctiva-Muller muscle resection through conjunctival incision in anophthalmic patients with mild ptosis.

Methods: Conjunctiva-Müller muscle resection was performed by one surgeon in 8 patients (8 eyes) who had received evisceration or enucleation and responded to 10% phenylephrine solution to correct ptosis. The average age of the patients was 35.

Endovascular thrombolysis and stenting of a middle cerebral artery occlusion beyond 6 hours post-attack: special reference to the usefulness of diffusion-perfusion MRI.

Intra-arterial thrombolysis and percutaneous angioplasty is feasible in patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion limited to 6 hours post-ictus, but there are some limitations such as reocclusion or hemorrhagic complications. In this report, we describe a stent placement in the treatment of a refractory artherothrombotic MCA occlusion beyond 6 hours of symptom onset. A 57-year-old man presented with a progressive left-sided weakness and verbal disturbance resulting from an acute thrombotic occlusion of the right MCA superimposed on severe proximal atheromatous stenosis.

Traumatic dissection of the internal maxillary artery associated with isolated glossopharyngeal nerve palsy: case report.

Objective And Importance: Spontaneous or traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery with resultant lower cranial nerve palsies is well documented. However, dissection of the external carotid artery with lower cranial palsies has not been reported previously.

Clinical Presentation: A 42-year-old man experienced an epidural hematoma as the result of a fall and underwent a craniotomy and hematoma removal.

Ultrasonographic measurement of upper eyelid thickness in Korean children with epicanthus.

Purpose: Upper eyelid thickness was measured to determine whether there is a difference in the thickness of the upper eyelids in children with and without epicanthus.

Methods: Children were enrolled into the epicanthus group or non-epicanthus (control) group. The children with epicanthus were classified into four subgroups according to the Duke-Elder's classification.

A case of complete ophthalmoplegia in herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Purpose: To report a case with complete ophthalmoplegia after herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

Methods: A 70-year-old male patient visited a clinic because of vesicular eruptions over the left side of his face with severe pain. Drooping and severe swelling of the left eyelid were present, along with keratitis and uveitis.

Isolated pineal region metastasis of small cell lung cancer.

The pineal region is an unusual site for brain metastasis and most metastatic pineal lesions are asymptomatic. Rarely the symptoms of metastatic involvement of the pineal gland precede those of the primary tumor or other metastatic sites. An 83 year-old man presented with gait disturbance and limitation of upward gaze.

Electrolytes and electrophoretic studies of tear proteins in tears of patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

This study was performed to determine whether there are differences in tear constituents between normal persons and patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) and to correlate differences in tear composition with the degree of PANDO. We tested 30 normal persons (mean age 42.0 +/- 21.

Analysis of electrical discharges made with the foramen ovale electrode recording technique in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients.

Foramen ovale electrode (FOE) implantation is usually indicated in patients with mesial temporal lobe (MTL) epilepsy. The authors conducted this study to characterize the electrical discharge patterns obtained using FOE recording and evaluated their clinical significance. Interictal and ictal discharge patterns and their temporal relationships to EEGs were examined in 16 patients who had FOEs implanted bilaterally and had good recovery from surgery.

Parapharyngeal branchial cleft cyst extending to the skull base: a lateral transzygomatic-transtemporal approach to the parapharyngeal space.

Second branchial cleft cysts (BCCs) can occur anywhere from the tonsillar fossa to the supraclavicular area. Second BCCs usually lie on the great vessels of the neck, deep in the sternocleoidomastoid muscle or along its anterior border at the mandibular angle. Parapharyngeal second BCCs are an uncommon neoplasm and rarely extend to the skull base.

Simple solution for urethral caruncle.

Purpose: Although urethral caruncle is not a major disease, the technique to remove it has been rather difficult and complicated. We describe a simple method of removal that is comparable to its importance.

Materials And Methods: In 10 patients we applied a ligation technique using 1-zero silk at the base of the urethral caruncle during a 4-year period.

Glomus tumor of the glans penis.

Glomus tumors of the penis are extremely rare. We report a patient with a solitary glomus tumor involving the penis. A 19-year-old man presented with a complaint of a recurrent painful penile mass.

Significance of chronic epilepsy in glial tumors and correlation with surgical strategies.

Purpose: This study was designed to compare the frequency of postoperative epilepsy in patients with acute and chronic pre-operative epilepsy and with frontal or temporal lobe glial tumors based on the hypothesis that patients with chronic epilepsy do worse.

Methods: We compared the clinical and diagnostic characteristics of the patients (n = 73) who had seizures preoperatively with those of the patients (n = 153) who did not. Among those who have had seizures preoperatively, we compared those (n = 32, chronic seizure group) who had seizures a year or more prior to surgery with those (n = 41, acute seizure group) who had seizures less than a year prior to surgery.

Stent-graft placement in a traumatic internal carotid-internal jugular fistula and pseudoaneurysm.

Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas following carotid artery injuries are rare. Treatment of carotid artery-to-jugular vein fistula requires direct closure of the fistula or occlusion of the carotid artery above and below the level of the fistula, by a surgical or endovascular approach. A 32-year-old man presented with a right-sided pulsatile neck swelling 2 days following a stab wound.

Elective stenting for symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis presenting as transient ischaemic deficits or stroke attacks: short term arteriographical and clinical outcome.

Background: Although stent assisted angioplasty is an effective treatment for coronary and peripheral arterial disease, its efficacy in intracranial arteriosclerotic disease has not been verified.

Objectives: To assess the radiographic and clinical outcome of stent assisted angioplasty for symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis.

Methods: We attempted stent assisted angioplasty in 14 patients with symptomatic high grade stenosis (>60%) on the proximal portion of the MCA, who had experienced either recurrent transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) resistant to medical therapy or one or more stroke attacks.

Measurement of pH, electrolytes and electrophoretic studies of tear proteins in tears of patients with dacryoliths: a novel concept for dacryoliths.

Dacryolithiasis is one of the causes of acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction, although its origin is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in tear constituents between patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction with dacryoliths and those without dacryoliths. In a prospective case-control study, undiluted tears were collected from 30 eyes from 30 patients with partial acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) consisting of 17 PANDO patients with dacryoliths and 13 PANDO patients without dacryoliths.

Mesopic contrast sensitivity functions in amblyopic children.

This study both measured and compared the mesopic contrast sensitivity function and the visual acuity in both normal and amblyopic eyes from amblyopic children using an ACV (visual acuity analyzer). Twenty one amblyopic children (mean age, 8.48 years; S.

Endovascular rescue from arterial rupture and thrombosis during middle cerebral artery stenting.

Intravascular stents are being used with increasing frequency in interventional neuroradiology. Iatrogenic arterial rupture is an uncommon but serious complication. We present a case of arterial rupture and subarachnoid haemorrhage during middle cerebral artery stenting, treated by emergency additional, overlapping stenting and balloon tamponade of the dissected vessel.

Fenestration of the internal carotid artery associated with arterial dissections.

An increasing number of cases with fenestration that is frequently associated with aneurysms have been reported, largely in the vertebral and basilar arteries and less commonly in the middle and anterior cerebral arteries by angiography as well as by autopsy. However, the anomaly of the internal carotid artery associated with bilateral arterial dissections is exceedingly rare. This represents the first reported case of fenestration of the internal carotid artery associated with arterial dissections.

Dural arteriovenous malformation occurring after craniotomy for pial arteriovenous malformation.

The etiology of dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is still uncertain, and the occurrence of postoperative dural AVM has rarely been proved angiographically. The authors present a case of dural AVM in the jugular and the sigmoid sinuses, which developed 1 year after resection of a pial AVM via the craniotomy. A possible mechanism underlying this case of dural AVM is discussed.

Stent-assisted Guglielmi detachable coils embolisation for the treatment of a traumatic carotid cavernous fistula.

Embolisation of a carotid cavernous fistula by means of a detachable balloon is a well-established method for treating carotid cavernous fistulas while preserving a patent internal carotid artery. However, failure to embolise the carotid cavernous fistula may occur. Herein we describe a stent-assisted Guglielmi detachable coil embolisation that completely occludes the fistulous opening rather than fills the cavernous sinus.

Meningeal chloroma (granulocytic sarcoma) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia mimicking a falx meningioma.

Isolated chloromas (granulocytic sarcomas) are rare tumors. Chloromas are masses composed of immature granulocytic cells. Granulocytic sarcoma occurs primarily in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and may also arise in patients with other myeloproliferative disorders, but rarely in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).