1,293 results match your criteria: "Pulseless Electrical Activity"
Re-arrest immediately after return of spontaneous circulation: A retrospective observational study of in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
January 2025
Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Background: Patients who achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) may re-arrest. This phenomenon has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate (1-min) and short-term (20-min) risks of re-arrest in IHCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtomoxetine-Induced Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Crisis Managed With Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, JPN.
Pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGLs) crises can be triggered by various factors, including norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which worsen symptoms in patients with PPGLs. Therefore, attention should be paid to the potential for serious adverse reactions in patients with PPGLs taking ADHD medications. A 21-year-old man presented to the emergency department with acute onset of severe respiratory and circulatory failure after initiating atomoxetine treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST ASSOCIATED WITH VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM - A SWEDISH POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY.
J Thromb Haemost
December 2024
Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common but preventable condition that can lead to fatal outcomes, such as pulmonary embolism, especially in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
- A study analyzing data from Sweden between 2008-2018 found that VTE was associated with OHCA in 2.0% of individuals, with a median age of 69 and a notable higher prevalence in women, particularly younger women.
- The research highlighted that those with VTE-associated OHCA had a significantly lower 30-day survival rate (2.0%) compared to the overall OHCA population (12%), indicating a need for improved awareness and prevention strategies, especially for women.
External Validation of the RESCUE-IHCA Score as a Predictor for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Receiving Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
West J Emerg Med
November 2024
National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Article Synopsis
- Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) can help improve outcomes for patients experiencing in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), and the RESCUE-IHCA score was created to predict the outcomes of these patients.
- A study involving 324 ECPR-treated IHCA patients showed that the RESCUE-IHCA score maintained similar performance in predicting mortality compared to the original cohort, with key findings indicating that longer cardiac arrest duration increases mortality risk while certain initial heart rhythms lower that risk.
- Unlike the original study, factors like age, the timing of resuscitation, disease category, and pre-existing renal issues did not significantly correlate with in-hospital death in this Asian medical center's
Article Synopsis
- In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has high rates of morbidity and mortality, with limited understanding of how race/ethnicity and sex impact patient outcomes and treatment.
- A study analyzed data from over 207,000 IHCA patients, revealing that Black and Hispanic patients had higher mortality rates compared to White males, especially in specific cardiac arrest types.
- The findings highlight significant disparities in treatment and outcomes based on race and sex, indicating a need for targeted interventions to address these inequities in healthcare.
Sex-related differences in the association of obesity described by emergency medical teams on outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.
Adv Clin Exp Med
November 2024
Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logrońo, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the effect of obesity on the likelihood of achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA), considering differences between sexes.
- - A large cohort of 33,636 OHCA patients in Poland was analyzed, revealing that while univariate analysis suggested obesity may reduce the odds of ROSC, multivariate analysis showed no significant impact after adjusting for other factors.
- - Key factors influencing ROSC included initial heart rhythms like ventricular fibrillation, the location of the cardiac arrest, and age, with specific differences noted between male and female patients.
A Case Report of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus-Related Pericardial Empyema: A Deadly Cardiac Risk.
Cureus
October 2024
Internal Medicine, Nuvance Health, Poughkeepsie, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Pericardial empyema is a rare but serious condition, typically discovered after death, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, especially MRSA.
- A 73-year-old man with diabetes and hypothyroidism showed symptoms like fever and skin infection, leading to the discovery of MRSA and treatment with Vancomycin.
- Despite emergency procedures, the patient developed severe complications, resulting in his death, highlighting the importance of quick diagnosis and treatment for better outcomes.
Special considerations for the stabilization and resuscitation of patients with cardiac disease in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Semin Perinatol
December 2024
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital/University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Article Synopsis
No Muscle Left Behind: Cardiac Arrest and Myocarditis in a Patient With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy.
Cureus
October 2024
Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Program, Methodist Heart and Lung Institute Heart Failure and Transplant Clinic, San Antonio, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) can affect the heart, leading to serious conditions like myocarditis and cardiac arrest, yet specific treatment guidelines are lacking.
- A case study discusses a 71-year-old man with newly diagnosed myositis who suffered a cardiac arrest linked to his condition, following symptoms of muscle weakness and elevated enzyme levels.
- After being resuscitated, he showed signs of myocarditis but improved with treatment, including an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.
Circadian variation pattern of sudden cardiac arrest occurred in Chinese community.
Open Heart
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 10,210 SCA cases, most (85.6%) were non-shockable; both shockable and non-shockable cases peaked in the morning (08:00 - 11:59) and decreased significantly during the early morning hours (00:00 - 03:59).
- * The findings suggest that there is a distinct daily rhythm in SCA occurrences, indicating that increased focus on first-aid and resuscitation resources is essential during morning hours in the community.
Incidence and Predictors of Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy in Japanese Ischemic Heart Disease Patients.
Circ J
October 2024
Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in Japanese patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), focusing on the incidence and predictors of appropriate ICD therapy.
- A total of 141 IHD patients were followed for an average of 5.5 years, revealing similar rates of appropriate ICD therapy between primary and secondary prevention groups, with a notable increase in the secondary group during the first two years.
- The analysis identified sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) as a key predictor of receiving appropriate ICD therapy, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients closely, especially in the high-risk period following their first treatment.
Rhythm conversion in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and influence on the return of spontaneous circulation at the hospital arrival: a 10-year retrospective study in Croatia.
Int J Emerg Med
October 2024
Department of Surgery, University Hospital "Sveti Duh", Sveti Duh 64, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
Article Synopsis
- * Key factors associated with successful rhythm conversion include younger age, being male, collapsing in a public place, and receiving a higher adrenaline dose; there were notable differences in outcomes based on the initial rhythm type.
- * Findings indicate that patients who converted from asystole had better chances of achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) compared to those who converted from pulseless electrical activity (PEA), highlighting the significance of rhythm conversion in resuscitation efforts.
Effect of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on perfusion in a porcine model of severe hemorrhagic shock.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg
October 2024
From the Department of Surgery (P.G., A.S., D.D., P.D.), Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA; Department of Surgery (A.C.), University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN; Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology (T.S.), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL; School of Medicine (O.W., J.D., A.S.), Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA; Tulane University School of Medicine (M.C.G., T.C.B.), New Orleans, LA; and Department of Emergency Medicine (K.V.), Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on brain and skin oxygen levels in pigs experiencing severe hemorrhagic shock, a condition where blood pressure drops critically.
- Using a controlled experiment with 12 swine, results indicated that while CPR increased systolic blood pressure, it did not improve overall tissue oxygenation and, in fact, reduced skin perfusion significantly.
- The findings support previous research suggesting that CPR may not benefit organ oxygenation during hemorrhagic shock and could even have harmful effects.
Evaluating Prone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Techniques in the Surgical Settings: A Systematic Review of Case Studies.
J Perianesth Nurs
September 2024
Texas Wesleyan University, Fort Worth, TX. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques specifically for patients who are in a prone position during surgeries, with a focus on neurosurgery and spinal surgery.
- - A systematic review of 21 patient cases revealed that cardiac arrests were often due to issues like venous air embolism and hemorrhagic shock, with successful resuscitation achieved in an average of 5.60 minutes using posterior compressions.
- - The findings highlight the importance of training healthcare providers in prone resuscitation techniques, as the results suggest it can lead to positive patient outcomes during critical situations.
Cardiac Arrest Due to Perioperative Anaphylactic Shock Induced by Re-Exposure to Propofol: A Case Report.
J Clin Med
September 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- - Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that can be life-threatening and is especially difficult to diagnose during anesthesia due to the complex medical environment.
- - A case study presented a patient who experienced propofol-induced anaphylactic shock after multiple safe exposures to the same anesthetic agents, leading to a cardiac arrest without typical symptoms of anaphylaxis.
- - The diagnosis was confirmed through elevated serum tryptase levels and skin tests, emphasizing the need for awareness of severe allergic reactions even after previous safe use of medications, as sensitization can cause unexpected and serious outcomes.
Analysis of factors associated with favorable neurological outcomes in patients with initial PEA who underwent ECPR - A secondary analysis of the SAVE-J II study.
J Crit Care
February 2025
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo Emergency Medical Center, 1-3-1 Wakinohamakaigandori, Chuo-ku, Kobe 651-0073, Japan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated what factors contribute to better neurological outcomes in patients initially experiencing pulseless electrical activity (PEA) who received extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).
- Data from the SAVE-J II registry, which included 36 hospitals in Japan, showed that only 8.2% of patients had favorable neurological outcomes, while 16.9% survived to hospital discharge.
- Key factors linked to better outcomes included absence of cardiac rhythm conversion to asystole, presence of signs of life, pupil size, and temporary return of circulation, with certain causes of cardiac arrest like acute coronary syndrome having higher favorable outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- - A 76-year-old man with advanced renal cell carcinoma and a clot in his inferior vena cava underwent surgery for nephrectomy but suffered a cardiac emergency during the procedure.
- - A trans-esophageal echocardiogram revealed that the clot had traveled to the right atrium, prompting urgent measures like veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and mechanical removal of the clot.
- - Despite these interventions, the patient remained in critical condition and later died from complications related to severe bleeding and a clotting disorder known as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
Pulseless Electrical Activity Arrest Presenting as Tonic Arm Stiffening and a Flat Electroencephalogram.
Neurohospitalist
October 2024
Division of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Neurology and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The report discusses a case of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) arrest that presented similarly to a tonic seizure.
- - The diagnosis and differences were clarified through the use of electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings.
- - This highlights the importance of EEG in correctly identifying seizure-like episodes in patients experiencing PEA.
Complete Heart Block in a Patient Undergoing Combination Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.
Cureus
August 2024
Electrophysiology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Combination immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy shows promise for treating solid tumors but can cause rare cardiotoxic side effects, particularly acute myocarditis and conduction issues.
- A 68-year-old woman with urothelial cancer experienced severe cardiac complications after ICI treatment, including extremely high levels of troponin and creatine phosphokinase, indicating heart damage.
- Despite treatment efforts like steroids and pacemaker insertion, her condition worsened, leading to death from severe heart failure, with autopsy findings confirming significant myocarditis and heart block.
Cardiac arrest with severe airway stenosis due to retropharyngeal haematoma secondary to Stanford type B acute aortic dissection.
BMJ Case Rep
September 2024
Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo Emergency Medical Center, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- A male patient in his 60s collapsed and exhibited pulseless electrical activity when ambulance personnel arrived; they inserted a supraglottic airway and transported him to a hospital.
- Upon arrival, he regained circulation and was diagnosed with Stanford type B acute aortic dissection, along with swelling in his neck.
- The cardiac arrest was attributed to severe airway narrowing caused by a retropharyngeal hematoma related to the aortic dissection, highlighting the need for thorough airway evaluation in such cases.
Abdominal aortic injury caused by a sharp osteophyte displaced by a compression fracture: A case report and literature review.
Heliyon
August 2024
Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Osteophytes can develop on the vertebral bodies as people age and may occasionally create sharp edges that result in traumatic abdominal aortic injury (TAAI), although such injuries are rare.
- This case study discusses an 83-year-old man who suffered a compression fracture and subsequently died due to shock caused by a sharp osteophyte penetrating the abdominal aorta.
- The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring the aorta in patients with osteophytes during CT scans, highlighting that injuries to the aorta from osteophytes are less common than those from external forces, but still warrant attention.
A real-world pharmacovigilance study of cardiac adverse events induced by sugammadex in the FDA adverse event reporting system.
Expert Opin Drug Saf
August 2024
Department of Structural Cardiology, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China.
Article Synopsis
- Sugammadex is a medication used to reverse muscle blockage during anesthesia, but recent reports indicate it may be associated with serious cardiac adverse events (CAEs).
- A study analyzed data from the FDA on CAEs related to sugammadex and found 19 incidents mainly involving cardiac arrhythmias and coronary artery disorders, with bradycardia and cardiac arrest being the most common issues.
- The findings suggest a potential connection between sugammadex and serious CAEs, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and assessing risks in patients with heart-related health concerns.
Improved Code Team Performance and Outcomes After Implementation of Moderate Fidelity In Situ Simulation in a Pediatric Cardiac Acute Care Unit.
Pediatr Cardiol
August 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Medical University of South Carolina, 10 McClennan Banks Drive, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Children with cardiac disease have a higher risk of in-hospital cardiac arrest, and effective code team performance is crucial since these events are rare outside of the ICU.
- - A training program using moderate fidelity in situ simulation was introduced in the pediatric cardiac acute care unit (PCACU) to enhance the code team's response, focusing on reducing the time to the first epinephrine dose during cardiac arrest scenarios.
- - After the training, the response time for administering epinephrine in real cardiac arrests significantly decreased, and patient survival rates improved from 0% to 64%, demonstrating that simulation exercises can enhance code team performance and ultimately patient outcomes.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Following Insular Stroke in the M2 Area of the Left Middle Cerebral Artery.
Cureus
August 2024
Transplant Hepatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a condition where the heart expands abnormally, often triggered by emotional stress, but it can also be linked to brain issues such as strokes.
- - The exact cause of TCM is unclear, but it might involve a sudden release of stress hormones or spasms in the heart's blood vessels.
- - A case study highlighted a 75-year-old woman who developed TCM after a stroke in a specific brain area, suggesting that TCM can occur shortly after strokes in that region, emphasizing the need for quick diagnosis and treatment in stroke patients.
Simulation as Proof of Concept to Assess the Feasibility and Address Uncertainties Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in an Adolescent Patient With Viral Hemorrhagic Fever.
Simul Healthc
August 2024
From the Guerin Children's, Department of Pediatrics (P.W.); Special Pathogens Program (J.G., J.C.); Department of Emergency Medicine (N.S.); Women's Guild Simulation Center for Advanced Clinical Skills and Innovation (B.D.); and Hospital Epidemiology (J.G.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the challenges and feasibility of performing CPR on patients with viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), highlighting the need for clearer guidelines in critical care interventions.
- Using simulation, the researchers found that CPR can be effectively performed in full PPE, achieving a chest compression fraction of 72% and a manual rate of 129 compressions per minute.
- The study identified various latent safety threats (LSTs) that impact the healthcare team’s safety and performance, suggesting that refining team roles and responsibilities could enhance both safety and CPR quality.