Being in the minority boosts in-group love:Explanations and boundary conditions.

People appreciate members of their in-group, and they cooperate with them-tendencies we refer to as in-group love. Being a member of a minority (vs. majority) is a common experience that varies both between groups in a context and within a group between contexts, but how does it affect in-group love? Across six studies, we examined when and why .

Lung-specific CRBN knockout attenuates influenza a virus-induced acute lung injury in mice: a potential therapeutic approach.

Influenza-related acute lung injury is a life-threatening condition primarily caused by uncontrolled replication of the influenza virus and intense proinflammatory responses. Cereblon (CRBN) is a protein known for its role in the ubiquitin-proteasome system and as a target of the drug thalidomide. However, the function of CRBN in influenza virus infection remains poorly understood.

Profiling Sociodemographic Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Women with Endometrial Cancer in Puerto Rico: The Central Role of Obesity and Obstetric Features.

Introduction: Incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) in Hispanic/Latina (H/L) women are higher compared to other race/ethnicities in the United States. EC is the third most common cancer and the fourth cause of cancer-related deaths in Puerto Rican women, yet demographic and clinical information is limited. High rates of EC risk factors such as obesity, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and hypertension (HTN) have been documented in the Puerto Rican population.

Demography and homing behavior in the poorly-known Philippine flat-headed frog (Anura: Bombinatoridae).

The flat-headed frog, , is a poorly known, riverine species, endemic to the province of Palawan in the Philippines. We applied capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods to follow individuals at two sites (Malbato and San Rafael) in the island of Busuanga over 10 months in 2022-2023. We used passive internal transponders (PITs) to mark adult and subadults and single-colored visual internal elastomers (VIEs) for cohorts of juveniles.

Differences and contributors to global cognitive performance in the underrepresented Latinx Parkinson's disease population.

Despite significant progress in understanding the factors influencing cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD), there is a notable gap in data representation for the Latinx population. This study aims to evaluate the contributors to and disparities in cognitive performance among Latinx patients with PD. A retrospective analysis was conducted based on cross-sectional data encompassing demographic, environmental, motor, and non-motor disease characteristics from the Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of PD (LARGE-PD) and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohorts.

Localization of Cholecystokinin/Sulfakinin Neuropeptides in Biomphalaria glabrata, an Intermediate Host for Schistosomiasis.

Snails belonging to the genus Biomphalaria serve as obligatory intermediate hosts for the trematode Schistosoma mansoni, the causative agent for the most widespread form of schistosomiasis. The simpler nervous systems of gastropod molluscs, such as Biomphalaria, provide advantageous models for investigating neural responses to infection at the cellular and network levels. The present study examined neuropeptides related to cholecystokinin (CCK), a major multifunctional regulator of central nervous system (CNS) function in mammals.

Gender dysphoria in a Hispanic pregnant transgender man: Case report and review of literature.

There is limited research concerning the transgender population's health issues, such as gender dysphoria, and disparities within the healthcare system, especially in the Latino or Hispanic population. This study aimed to report the case of a Puerto Rican transgender man who achieved pregnancy without reproductive assistance after cessation of testosterone therapy for 3 months and who in the postpartum period experienced significant gender dysphoria. A narrative literature review was carried out to identify the role of gender dysphoria in pregnancy, lactation, health-related spaces, and mental health.

Global collaborations to change the paradigm of oral health education and care: 2024 ADEA Annual Session Chair of the Board Symposium, Proceedings.

The 2024 ADEA Annual Session Chair of the Board Symposium titled, Global Collaborations to Change the Paradigm in Oral Health Education and Care, aimed to highlight innovative global education models in oral health. The symposium sought to identify and explore opportunities for collaboration with international partners to ensure sustainable healthcare education to improve the oral health workforce. Additionally, it focused on discovering and adapting innovative solutions and best practices to enhance access to oral health services worldwide.

"Many old people taking care of old people": Experiences of older adults after Hurricane María in Puerto Rico.

The Puerto Rican population has presented demographic changes resulting in a greater proportion of older adults than almost any other country in the world, with an estimated 28% of the total population being over 60 years of age. A key public health issue in Puerto Rico (PR) is older adults' mental health and wellbeing. Located in the Caribbean, PR is prone to natural hazards such as hurricanes, which are a known threat to older adults' overall health and wellbeing.

High-Intensity End-of-Life Care Among Young and Middle-Aged Hispanic Adults With Cancer in Puerto Rico.

Background: Timely palliative and hospice care, along with advanced care planning, can reduce avoidable high-intensity care and improve quality of life at the end of life (EoL).

Objective: We examined patterns of care at EoL and evaluated predictors of high-intensity care at EoL among adults aged 18-64 with cancer.

Methods: Using data from the Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry-Health Insurance Linkage Database, we examined 1359 patients diagnosed with cancer in 2010-2019, who died of cancer between 2017 and 2019 at 64 years and younger, and who were enrolled in Medicaid or private health insurance in last 30 days before death.

Person-Centered Social Determinants and Neighborhood-Level Deprivation Associated With Disability in Hispanic People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS)-related disability in Hispanic people with MS is associated with inequities in social determinants of health (SDOH) as measured by composite indices of areal-level census data. Studies of individual-level measures of SDOH are lacking. This study examined the separate and joint effects of person-centered SDOH indicators and an area-level composite on MS disability measures.

Long-Term Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Probable Dementia in SPRINT.

Background And Objectives: The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial suggested that intensive lowering of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreases the risk of developing dementia. However, an insufficient number of probable dementia cases stemming from the trial's early termination made results inconclusive. The goal of this study was to estimate the effect of intensive vs standard SBP lowering on the longer term incidence of cognitive impairment leveraging extended follow-up for cognitive status.

Bacterial burden and drug-resistant bacteria in healthcare workers' mobile phones: a study in Puerto Rican outpatient clinics.

Background: Mobile phones used by healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals are significant reservoirs of drug-resistant bacteria responsible for hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).

Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the level of contamination with such bacteria in outpatient clinics.

Methods: Swabs from 83 HCWs' mobile phones were processed using standard biochemical and enzymatic procedures to identify pathogenic bacteria.

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Expression in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Is Associated With Clinical and Histopathologic Parameters.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous malignancy with neuroendocrine differentiation. Several molecular pathways have been implicated in MCC development and multiple cell-of-origin candidates have been proposed, including neural crest cells, which express acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). The role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in MCC has not been explored.

Hybrid coral reef restoration can be a cost-effective nature-based solution to provide protection to vulnerable coastal populations.

Coral reefs can mitigate flood damages by providing protection to tropical coastal communities whose populations are dense, growing fast, and have predominantly lower-middle income. This study provides the first fine-scale, regionally modeled valuations of how flood risk reductions associated with hybrid coral reef restoration could benefit people, property, and economic activity along Florida and Puerto Rico's 1005 kilometers of reef-lined coasts. Restoration of up to 20% of the regions' coral reefs could provide flood reduction benefits greater than costs.

Differential Gene Set Enrichment of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Pathway in BRAF vs. NRAS Mutated Metastatic Melanoma.

This study investigates the differential activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in metastatic melanoma, focusing on BRAF- and NRAS-mutated samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) reveals that BRAF mutations are more significantly associated with increased EMT activation, relative to all other mutations in the dataset. In contrast, NRAS mutations were not significantly associated with gene expression of the EMT pathway, suggesting alternative mechanisms for metastasis.

Revisiting the Relationship between Weather and Interannual Variation in Human Plague Cases in the Southwestern United States.

Plague is a rare, potentially fatal flea-borne zoonosis endemic in the western United States. A previous model described interannual variation in human cases based on temperature and lagged precipitation. We recreated this model in northeastern Arizona (1960-1997) to evaluate its capacity to predict recent cases (1998-2022).

Estimating realized relatedness in free-ranging macaques by inferring identity-by-descent segments.

Biological relatedness is a key consideration in studies of behavior, population structure, and trait evolution. Except for parent-offspring dyads, pedigrees capture relatedness imperfectly. The number and length of identical-by-descent DNA segments (IBD) yield the most precise relatedness estimates.

Improvement in Temple Hollowing with VYC-20L Hyaluronic Acid Filler: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial of Safety and Effectiveness.

Background: Temple hollowing is characterized by the reduction of volume in the temporal fossa, which can result in a skeletonized look and contribute to an aged appearance. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the VYC-20L injectable gel for improvement of temple hollowing.

Methods: Adults with minimal, moderate, or severe temple hollows were randomized 2:1 to receive VYC-20L or no treatment.

Vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy: A review of indications, techniques, outcomes, and complications.

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most severe forms of retinopathy and a leading cause of blindness all over the world. Of a greater concern is proliferative diabetic retinopathy which leads to vitreous haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment in such cases. A majority of these cases require a surgical intervention to improve vision and prevent further vision loss.

Phytochemical Profiling, Bioactivity, and Insecticidal Effectiveness of L. Leaf Extracts Against sp.

Plant botanical extracts are recognized for being a source of biologically active phytochemicals that potentially have diverse applications. The phytochemical composition, potential cytotoxicity, and insecticidal effectiveness of three leaf extracts from the folkloric medicinal plant L. (Calophyllaceae) were investigated.

Ethnic enclaves, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and obesity among Hispanic women in Chicago: a latent profile analysis approach.

Purpose: The prevalence of obesity, a crucial risk factor for breast cancer, is markedly higher among Hispanic women. The interaction between ethnic enclaves and neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) as a determinant of this disparity warrants further research. We aimed to identify neighborhood profiles based on ethnic enclaves and socioeconomic status to evaluate the association with obesity among Hispanic women in the metropolitan Chicago region.

Dengue severity by serotype and immune status in 19 years of pediatric clinical studies in Nicaragua.

Background: Dengue virus, a major global health threat, consists of four serotypes (DENV1-4) that cause a range of clinical manifestations from mild to severe and potentially fatal disease.

Methods: This study, based on 19 years of data from the Pediatric Dengue Cohort Study and Pediatric Dengue Hospital-based Study in Managua, Nicaragua, investigates the relationship of serotype and immune status with dengue severity. Dengue cases were confirmed by molecular, serological, and/or virological methods, and study participants 6 months to 17 years old were followed during their hospital stay or as ambulatory patients.

Evidence for targeting autonomic dysfunction in systemic sclerosis: A scoping review.

Autonomic dysfunction is a common and early complication among patients with systemic sclerosis, suggesting that it may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease and be a potential target for therapeutic interventions. Although the true prevalence of autonomic dysfunction among patients with systemic sclerosis is still unclear, it is estimated that as many as 80% of patients may be affected. Autonomic dysfunction may lead to widespread multi-organ dysfunction through its effects on the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, sweat and salivary glands, and pupils.