The pattern of renal artery Doppler indices in patients with sickle cell disease.

Aim: To evaluate the pattern of renal artery Doppler indices in patients with sickle cell disease who do not have laboratory evidence of renal impairment.

Material And Methods: A case-control study was carried out after enrolling 50 patients with sickle cell disease (HbSS phenotype) (sickle cell disease group) and 50 control subjects (control group). All the participants underwent ultrasound and color Doppler examination, and the pulsatility index and resistive index values of the main renal artery, segmental artery, and interlobar artery in both kidneys were recorded and compared.

A novel metric-based approach of scoring early host immune response from oro-nasopharyngeal swabs predicts COVID-19 outcome.

Unpredictable fatal outcome of COVID-19 is attributed to dysregulated inflammation. Impaired early adaptive immune response leads to late-stage inflammatory outcome. The purpose of this study was to develop biomarkers for early detection of host immune impairment at first diagnosis from leftover RNA samples, which may in turn identify high risk patients.

A case report on imaging findings of rare segmental necrotizing granulomatous neuritis of leprosy involving ulnar nerve.

Introduction: Segmental necrotizing granulomatous neuritis (SNGN) is a rare complication of leprosy involving peripheral nerves. It can appear alone in cases of pure neuritic leprosy or in combination with cutaneous lesions.

Case Presentation: A 15-year-old female diagnosed with borderline tuberculoid leprosy who received prior multidrug therapy presented 2 years later with occasional pain and tingling sensations along the inner aspect of her right arm and forearm.

Morbidity pattern and impact of hydroxyurea therapy among sickle cell patients in Raipur district of Chhattisgarh.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a disorder marked by a single-point mutation in the beta-globin gene. Hydroxyurea is a globally accepted disease-modifying agent that sounds to be effective in managing clinically and probably preventing complications of SCD. The current study aims to document the morbidity pattern and impact of Hydroxyurea therapy in the Outpatient Department of Sickle Cell Institute, Raipur.

A study to assess the nutritional status and dietary gap among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Raipur city.

Background: Undernutrition raises the likelihood of progressing from tuberculosis (TB) infection to active TB illness and causes weight loss. Proper food and nutrition are important in the treatment of tuberculosis patients. Active tuberculosis necessitates a substantial energy expenditure.

A case report on imaging findings of rare segmental necrotizing granulomatous neuritis of leprosy involving ulnar nerve.

Introduction: Segmental necrotizing granulomatous neuritis (SNGN) is a rare complication of leprosy involving peripheral nerves. It can appear alone in cases of pure neuritic leprosy or in combination with cutaneous lesions.

Case Presentation: A 15-year-old female diagnosed with borderline tuberculoid leprosy who received prior multidrug therapy presented 2 years later with occasional pain and tingling sensations along the inner aspect of her right arm and forearm.

Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: In view of oxidative stress.

In the past two decades, oxidative stress (OS) has drawn a lot of interest due to the revelation that individuals with many persistent disorders including diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), cardiovascular, and other disorders often have aberrant oxidation statuses. OS has a close interplay with PCOS features such as insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and chronic inflammation; there is a belief that OS might contribute to the development of PCOS. PCOS is currently recognized as not only one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders but also a significant contributor to female infertility, affecting a considerable proportion of women globally.

Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study.

Background: In anxiety disorders, culture is important in symptom presentation and help-seeking. Most tools for anxiety disorders are not validated in India and thus might not capture culture-specific aspects of anxiety. This study aims to identify and generate culturally specific terms to describe symptoms of anxiety as part of the development of the Kannada version of the Panic and Anxiety National Indian Questionnaire (PANIQ).

Multi-institutional dose audit in radiotherapy facilities using in-house developed optically stimulated luminescence disc dosimeters.

Aim: The aim of this study was to carried out the audit of radiotherapy centers practicing conformal radiotherapy techniques and demonstrate the suitability of this indigenous optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) disc dosimeters in beam quality audit and verification of patient-specific dosimetry in conventional and conformal treatments in radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Dose audit in conventional and conformal (intensity-modulated radiotherapy and volumetric-modulated arc therapy) radiotherapy techniques was conducted using in-house developed Al2O3:C-based OSL disc dosimeter and commercially available Gafchromic EBT3 film in 6 MV (flat and unflat) photon and 6 and 15 MeV electron beams. OSL disc dosimeter and Gafchromic EBT3 film measured dose values were verified using the ionization chamber measurements.

Effectiveness of sample pooling strategies for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2: Specimen pooling vs. RNA elutes pooling.

Purpose: The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 has hugely created an economic imbalance worldwide. With the exponential increase in the number of cases and to keep in check on the community transmission, there is high demand and acute shortage of diagnostic kits. The pooled-sample strategy turns out to be the promising strategy intended to determine the optimal testing for specimens with limited resources and without losing the test sensitivity and specificity.

Non-adherence to anti-tubercular treatment during COVID-19 pandemic in Raipur district Central India.

Background: Non-adherence is major factor in failure of any drug regimen. The significance of non-adherence is so much that WHO states that increasing the effectiveness of Adherence Interventions may have far greater impact on health of population than any improvement in specific medical treatments. Incidence of non-adherence to Anti Tubercular Treatment (ATT) usually ranges from 8.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of serum and plasma cortisol levels in depressed patients versus control.

Depression is associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamo pituitary adrenal axis. Cortisol is a steroid hormone, released from the adrenal gland and is considered to be a biological marker of stress and anxiety. Serum or plasma cortisol levels have been previously studied in depressive patients but reported contradictory results.

Role of Fluorescence Imaging Device in Screening of Oral Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chhattisgarh Population.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a major health issue worldwide. Screening and early diagnosis are the key elements for the better prognosis of potentially malignant oral disorders.

Objectives: This study establishes the effectiveness of fluorescence imaging device in the early detection and precise examination of the normal-appearing oral mucosa of tobacco chewer patients in white light and fluorescence light.

A standalone approach to utilize telomere length measurement as a surveillance tool in oral leukoplakia.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often preceded by a white patch on a surface of the mouth, called oral leukoplakia (OL). As accelerated telomere length (TL) shortening in dividing epithelial cells may lead to oncogenic transformation, telomere length measurement could serve as a predictive biomarker in OL. However, due to high variability and lack of a universal reference, there has been a limited translational application.

Pulmonary function parameters and its determinants among cement factory workers in Chhattisgarh: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Cement in one hand is the most used substance for construction all over the world but on the other hand prolonged exposure from cement dust particles along with smoking, long working duration in dusty environments and increasing age impairs pulmonary functions.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the effect of cement dust on the pulmonary functions of cement factory workers.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study conducted from October 2019 to February 2020 among 360 workers of cement factories of Chhattisgarh state selected by systematic random sampling who were interviewed.

Students' knowledge and views on pharmacogenomic education in the medical curriculum.

Introduction: Pharmacogenomics is a growing field of science that explores the genetic contributions in an individual's response to the drug, so as to choose the right drug in the right doses tailored to a patient's genetic makeup. Although pharmacogenomics information is incorporated in chapters discussing relevant drugs, it has not been materialized into clinical practice yet and still, it remains a challenge due to limited knowledge and accessibility of the pharmacogenomic tests to diagnose these polymorphisms. With this background, the objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and perception of pharmacogenomics among second-year MBBS students and to sensitize them regarding pharmacogenomics.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms as genetic markers to predict homocysteinemia and clinical severity in sickle cell disease.

The present study observed the relationship between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotypes and clinical outcome in children with sickle cell disorder. A total of 249 children were recruited for the study and evaluated clinically for calculating severity score, homocysteine levels and C677T and A1298C genotyping. The frequencies of variant genotypes were 28.

Relative energy response of indigenously developed optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters Al O :C, LiMgPO :B and LiCaAlF :Eu,Y in therapeutic photon and electron beams.

The relative energy responses of three indigenously developed optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) phosphors in the disc form were studied in therapeutic photon and electron beams. Calibration in terms of absorbed dose was carried out in the dose range 5-500 cGy in Co gamma rays, high energy X-rays, and electron beams used in radiotherapy. The combined standard uncertainty in the estimation of absorbed dose using these OSL discs (OSLDs) was 3.

PATIENT-SPECIFIC DOSIMETRY USING IN-HOUSE DEVELOPED OSL DISC DOSEMETERS.

Circular discs of diameter 5 mm were made from three indigenously developed optically stimulated luminescent (OSL) phosphors for medical dosimetry. Dosimetric characteristics of these discs were evaluated for their use in machine and patient-specific dosimetry in radiotherapy. Uncertainty in dosimetric measurements using these discs was also estimated, and combined standard uncertainty in measurement of absorbed dose was found to be 3.

Efficacy and Feasibility of Chhattisgarh Balloon and Conventional Condom Balloon Tamponade: A 2-Year Prospective Study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of two types of condom uterine balloon tamponade systems, namely Chhattisgarh condom balloon device "CG balloon (CGB)" having a central drainage channel as well as indigenous tying system to fasten condom to the catheter and conventional condom uterine balloon device (C-UBT) as a second-line intervention in post-partum haemorrhage (PPH).

Materials And Methods: The present non-randomised prospective case series was carried out from December 2014 to September 2016 and included 60 women having PPH which was refractory to first-line management and who were treated with either of the two condom balloon tamponade devices prepared on spot. Women with allergy to latex, retained placenta, uterine rupture, anomaly, genital infection and/or malignancy were excluded.

Internet addiction and daytime sleepiness among professionals in India: A web-based survey.

Background: The likelihood of the relation between Internet overuse and comorbid psychiatric conditions is on the rise. However, sleep disturbances are common psychiatric symptoms associated with internet overuse. Our objective was to examine the association of Internet overuse with excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep problems in professionals from India.