Combined microsurgical and endoscopic technique for removal of extensive intracranial epidermoids.

Background: Intracranial epidermoid tumors are challenging lesions because they grow along the subarachnoid spaces around delicate neurovascular structures and often extend from one compartment to another. The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of endoscopic assistance in the microsurgical resection of these lesions, in which total resection is therapy of choice.

Methods: A total of 48 cases of intracranial epidermoids were treated by combined microscopic and endoscopic techniques.

Nevus Comedonicus on Scalp: An Unusual Presentation.

Nevus comedonicus (NC) is a rare developmental anomaly of follicular infundibulum plugged with keratinous material that resembles comedo-like lesions. Frequently affected sites are face, neck, trunk, and upper arm. Few cases have been described on palms, soles, scalp, and genitalia.

Assessment for Efficacy of Additional Breathing Exercises Over Improvement in Health Impairment Due to Asthma Assessed using St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire.

Background: Breathing exercises have been described to be useful in asthma management by few researchers in the past.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of breathing exercises (Pranayamas) added to regular optimal medications in asthma patients in improving health impairment using St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).

Clear-cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma in maxilla as primary lesion: A rare case.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma with prominent clear-cell differentiation is a rare occurrence with incompletely understood etiology. We report a case of a 55-year-old male working in a steel factory presented with an ulcerated swelling on maxillary alveolar ridge, a rare site. Histopathology showed sheets of squamous cells with clear cell differentiation and features of malignancy.

Osteopontin expression and clinicopathologic correlation of oral hyperplastic reactive lesions: An institutional 6-year retrospective study.

Background And Objective: Reactive proliferations of oral cavity comprise pyogenic granuloma (PG), fibrous hyperplasia (FH), peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF), and peripheral giant-cell granuloma (PGCG). They often pose diagnostic challenges due to their overlapping clinical and histopathological features. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and clinicopathological correlation of reactive hyperplastic lesions in the oral cavity reported in our institute and compared it with other previous studies.

Report of a rare cyst at a rare site: Heterotopic gastrointestinal cyst partially lined with dermoid cyst epithelium.

Heterotopic gastrointestinal cysts (HGCs) of the oral cavity are rare benign lesions mimicking benign or malignant pathologies. These cysts are usually discovered during infancy but may not appear until well into adulthood. The epithelial lining of these cysts shows variable presentation with the presence of an enteric lining as an essential component.

Anesthetic management for lobectomy of a 2-month-old infant with bronchogenic cyst: Case report along with review of literature.

Bronchogenic cyst, a benign congenital cystic lesion of the lung, is a rare cause of respiratory distress in children comprising 7.5% of all mediastinal masses. A thorough preoperative evaluation is crucial to plan for definitive intra- and post-operative management.

Possible role of nanocarriers in drug delivery against cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the largest cancer killer among women in most developing countries including India. Although, various drugs have been developed for cervical cancer, treatment with these drugs often results in a number of undesirable side effects, toxicity and multidrug resistance (MDR). Also, the outcomes for cervical cancer patients remain poor after surgery and chemo radiation.

An enigmatic trio of Klinefelter's syndrome, autoimmune hypothyroidism and nephrotic syndrome.

Klinefelter's syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder associated with testicular dysfunction and male infertility. Those affected by Klinefelter's syndrome are at increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus, breast cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and lung cancer. Nephrotic syndrome in association with Klinefelter's syndrome has never been reported in the literature.

Markers of obesity and growth in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.

The objective of the study was to analyse leptin, IGF-1, Apo A, lipoproteins, haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in maternal sera and venous umbilical cord sera of newborn babies of 25 preeclamptics (group II), and 25 normotensive pregnant women (group I) as markers of obesity and growth in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. Apo A I and II levels were estimated by competitive immunoassay using direct chemiluminiscence technology. Haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), leptin and IGF-1 were analysed by ELISA.

Role of Coma Acidosis Malaria Score in Patients with Severe Malaria among Indian Population: a Tertiary Care Center Experience.

Objective: Malaria is a prime public health threat in developing countries like India. There is an unmet need of a simplified methodology for the purpose of triage and provision of intensive care to the severely infected patients in these areas.

Materials And Methods: We did a prospective study in patients (n=60) admitted with severe malaria in a single tertiary care center in the state of Haryana, India.

Comparative evaluation of central venous pressure and sonographic inferior vena cava variability in assessing fluid responsiveness in septic shock.

Objective: Fluid infusion, the most critical step in the resuscitation of patients with septic shock, needs preferably continuous invasive hemodynamic monitoring. The study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonographically measured inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVC CI) in comparison to central venous pressure (CVP) in predicting fluid responsiveness in septic shock.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients of septic shock requiring ventilatory support (invasive/noninvasive) were included.

Serum iron, Folate, Ferritin and CD4 Count in HIV Seropositive Women.

HIV infects cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T-lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages resulting in decreased number and function of CD4 cells, changes that affect both cell mediated and humoral immunity. Hematological abnormalities are a common complication of human immune virus (HIV) infection and these abnormalities increase as the disease advances. Anemia is the most common haematological abnormality in HIV seropositive patients and its incidence is strongly associated with the progression of the disease.

Patterns of Biomarkers in Cord Blood During Pregnancy and Preeclampsia.

Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is in contact with all the fetal tissues and can reflect the state of fetus and UCB can be compared with maternal blood. Inflammatory, metabolic and immunological disorders during pregnancy can affect the environment in which the fetus is developing and may produce various alterations.

Objective: To analyze different biochemical parameters in maternal venous blood and new born umbilical cord blood from healthy normotensive pregnant and preeclamptic women.

A simple 2D composite image analysis technique for the crystal growth study of L-ascorbic acid.

This work was destined for 2D crystal growth studies of L-ascorbic acid using the composite image analysis technique. Growth experiments on the L-ascorbic acid crystals were carried out by standard (optical) microscopy, laser diffraction analysis, and composite image analysis. For image analysis, the growth of L-ascorbic acid crystals was captured as digital 2D RGB images, which were then processed to composite images.

Zoon balanitis: A comprehensive review.

The diagnosis and management of nonvenereal diseases are always a tough challenge for the dermatologist due to lack of studies on its diagnostic criteria and standard treatment guidelines. Zoon balanitis (ZB) is one of the benign nonvenereal dermatoses, which presents as a solitary, persistent erythematous plaque usually on the glans penis primarily in the uncircumcised, middle-aged to old-aged men. Although it was described by Zoon in 1952, its etiopathogenesis still remains hypothetical.

A Comparative Study of Trigger Point Therapy with Local Anaesthetic (0.5 % Bupivacaine) Versus Combined Trigger Point Injection Therapy and Levosulpiride in the Management of Myofascial Pain Syndrome in the Orofacial Region.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of combined local anesthetic injection with 0.5 % bupivacaine and levosulpiride versus local anesthetic injection alone on outcome measures including levels of pain intensity and depression in the management of myofascial pain syndrome in orofacial region.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled and open-label comparative clinical study.

Efficacy of Brief Interventions in Reducing Hazardous or Harmful Alcohol Use in Middle-Income Countries: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Aims: The aim of this paper is to systematically review the efficacy of alcohol brief intervention in middle-income countries.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of face-to-face brief motivational intervention aimed at reducing heavy alcohol use conducted in middle-income countries were identified through electronic databases: Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library published up to and including 2015. Methodological quality assessment of the RCTs was made by using two validated tools.

Jessner's solution vs. 30% salicylic acid peels: a comparative study of the efficacy and safety in mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris.

Introduction: Chemical peeling is a well-identified therapeutic modality for acne vulgaris (AV). Jessner's solution (JS) is a known peeling agent for acne since more than 100 years. Salicylic acid (SA) peel is a well-established peeling agent for acne.

Tacalcitol: a useful adjunct to narrow-band ultraviolet-B phototherapy in vitiligo.

Background: Phototherapy especially narrow-band UV-B (NBUVB) has been considered as mainstay of therapy in nonsegmental vitiligo (generalized type). Topical tacalcitol has also been claimed to be effective, either as monotherapy or as combination therapy.

Purpose: Comparison of clinical efficacy and safety of NBUVB in combination with topical tacalcitol vs.