Microsomal epoxide hydrolase gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to prostate cancer: A systematic review.

Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) is a crucial biotransformation enzyme that has capability to metabolize a large number of structurally divergent, highly reactive epoxides, and numerous environmentally exposed carcinogens. It catalyzes the conversion of xenobiotic epoxide compounds into more polar diol metabolites and may play important part of the enzymatic defense against adverse effects of foreign compounds. Most commonly, two functional polymorphisms affecting mEH enzyme activity have been identified: One in exon 3 and other in exon 4 of the mEH gene, which results in His113Tyr and Arg139His amino acid substitutions, respectively.

Kallman Syndrome.

Kallman syndrome (KS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized clinically by failure to attain puberty or failure to fully complete it along with an absent or impaired sense of smell with absence of bilateral olfactory bulbi and sulci alongwith absent olfactory tracts. Only very few cases of Kallman syndrome have been reported in females in Indian population.

Comparative study of gabapentin and isoflavone in menopausal vasomotor symptoms.

Objective: This study was planned to compare the effects of gabapentin and isoflavones in menopausal vasomotor symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted on 100 patients with complaints of hot flashes, divided into two groups of 50 each. Group I received 900 mg of gabapentin and Group II received 60 mg of isoflavones daily for 3 months.

Treatment of Childhood Vitiligo Using Tacrolimus Ointment with Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy.

Background/objectives: A combination of narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy plus topical tacrolimus has been used in adult vitiligo but has not yet been explored in children. We therefore sought to highlight the efficacy of this synergistic combination in childhood vitiligo. The objective was to study the clinical efficacy and safety of a combination of NBUVB with topical tacrolimus ointment 0.

Families of Pseudohypoparathyroidism presenting as Seizure.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable insensitivity to parathyroid hormone. We describe two cases of 22 year male and 24 year female who have typical clinical features of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO). Laboratory investigation revealed evidence of pseudohypoparathyroidism and skeletal survey showed shortening of the metacarpals and metatarsals.

Combination of glycolic acid peel and topical 20% azelaic acid cream in melasma patients: efficacy and improvement in quality of life.

Background: Glycolic acid (GA) peel is one of the most versatile agents in the treatment of melasma. GA peeling alone or in combination with topical hypopigmenting agents has shown encouraging results. However, there is paucity of controlled trial demonstrating the efficacy of glycolic peel in conjunction with topical azelaic acid (AA).

Neglected epiphyseal injuries of the distal end of the radius with ulnar impaction: analysis of distal osteotomy of both bones using a dorsal midline approach.

Background: To evaluate results of a technique for treating neglected epiphyseal injuries of the distal radius with ulnar impaction.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved six cases (four males; two females), all of whom sustained the primary injury during childhood (range 9-12 years of age). All presented with wrist deformity and ulnar-sided wrist pain.

Efficacy of combined hormonal vaginal ring in comparison to combined hormonal pills in heavy menstrual bleeding.

Objective: To compare the efficacy, acceptability and compliance of combined hormonal vaginal ring (CVR), with combined hormonal pills (CHP) in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).

Study Design: This prospective study was conducted in 50 women with HMB in age group of 25-40 years. Patients were divided in two groups of 25 each and followed for six treatment cycles.

Correlation of Apgar Score with Asphyxial Hepatic Injury and Mortality in Newborns: A Prospective Observational Study From India.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the correlation of Apgar score with asphyxial hepatic injury and neonatal mortality in moderately and severely asphyxiated newborns.

Material And Methods: This is a secondary analysis of our prospective observational case-controlled study. Sixteen neonates with severe birth asphyxia (five-minute Apgar ≤3) were compared with either 54 moderate asphyxia neonates (five-minute Apgar >3) or 30 normal neonates.

Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Hepatitis B, C, and E Virus.

Introduction: The hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV, and HEV may occur as singly or concurrently in patients of different kind of liver disease. The rapid, reliable, and cost-effective screening of these pathogens is required for the large epidemiological studies. Therefore, a study has been planned to develop a multiplex Reverse Transcriptase-PCR assay which can be used for the screening of maximum number of pathogens at a time.

Prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy: An epidemiological study from 11 cities in 9 states of India.

Background: A previous hospital based study from Delhi revealed a high prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women. Several other studies with small sample size also indicate a rising trend of prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy in India.

Objective: To assess prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women from various states/cities across India.

Congenital pyloric atresia: Early and delayed presentations-A single centre experience of a rare anomaly.

Pyloric atresia may occur as an isolated or pure atresia or may be associated with other anomalies like those involving skin, renal or gastrointestinal systems etc. The most frequent association is with junctional epidermolysis bullosa, a rare autosomal recessive disorder affecting the skin and mucosa. We present a prospective evaluation of three patients of pyloric atresia at our institute over last 2 years (2012-2014)-one of them presenting at 5th day of life and the other two at 5 and 6 years of age, respectively.

Pediatrician's cough and cold medication prescription for hypothetical cases - A cross-sectional multi-centric study.

Background: Concerns over inappropriate use of cough and cold medication (CCM) in children have been raised. In addition to being ineffective, these are now considered toxic for young children. Despite this fact studies from some regions have shown high use of these medications by physicians.

Role of PTFE Patch Saphenoplasty in Reducing Neovascularization and Recurrence in Varicose Veins.

Varicose veins have a high recurrence rate following surgery. Besides poor surgical technique, majority of these recurrences are attributable to neovascularization after both primary and repeat surgery. Authors have studied the effectiveness of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patch interposition between the ligated vein stump and the overlying soft tissue at saphenofemoral junction in decreasing recurrence of varicose veins after initial surgery.

Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors represent a novel class of antidiabetic drugs. The reporting quality of the trials evaluating the efficacy of these agents for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus has not been explored. Our aim was to assess the reporting quality of such randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and to identify the predictors of reporting quality.

Nonfamilial Multiple Trichoepithelioma: Few and Far Between.

Trichoepithelioma is a rare benign adnexal tumor which may be of solitary nonfamilial type or multiple familial trichoepitheliomas. Here, we describe a rare presentation of nonfamilial case of trichoepithelioma in a 50-year-old female with multiple skin colored facial papules and nodules over the face, upper back, and extremities.

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a rare multisystem affliction.

About 200 cases of blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) have been reported in the literature. The disorder affects both sexes equally and the occurrence is mostly sporadic except for a few reports of cases with autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Herein we report an 11-year-old girl with progressive BRBNS and onset at 5 years of age.

Comparative evaluation of triplet antiemetic schedule versus doublet antiemetic schedule in chemotherapy-induced emesis in head and neck cancer patients.

Purpose: To compare the antiemetic combination of palonosetron, dexamethasone, and aprepitant (PDA) with antiemetic combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone (OD) in head and neck cancer patients receiving docetaxel, carboplatin, and 5-FU based chemotherapy.

Methods: Sixty previously untreated patients were randomly divided into two groups of thirty patients each. The PDA group received a combination of palonosetron 0.

Current management approach to hidradenocarcinoma: a comprehensive review of the literature.

Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare malignant adnexal tumour which arises from the intradermal duct of eccrine sweat glands. The head and neck are the most common sites of hidradenocarcinoma, but rarely it can occur on the extremities. As it is an aggressive tumour, regional lymph nodes and distant viscera are the most common sites of metastasis.

Correlation of 2 hour, 4 hour, 8 hour and 12 hour urine protein with 24 hour urinary protein in preeclampsia.

Objective: To find shortest and reliable time period of urine collection for determination of proteinuria.

Materials And Methods: It is a prospective study carried out on 125 pregnant women with preeclampsia after 20 weeks of gestation having urine albumin >1 using dipstick test. Urine was collected in five different time intervals in colors labeled containers with the assistance of nursing staff; the total collection time was 24 hours.

Early reimplantation for open total talar extrusion.

Purpose: To review outcome of early reimplantation for open total talar extrusion in 7 patients.

Methods: Medical records of 5 men and 2 women aged 19 to 53 years who underwent reimplantation for open total talar extrusion within 6 hours after road traffic accident (n= 6) or industrial injury (n=1) were reviewed. The talus was first irrigated with 9 to 10 litres of saline solution, followed by 10% povidone iodine.

Opportunistic Infections and Complications in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children: Correlation with immune status.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to ascertain the correlation between various opportunistic infections and complications in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected children and the immune status of these patients, evaluated by absolute cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) count and CD4 percentage.

Methods: This study was conducted from January 2009 to June 2010 at the Antiretroviral Treatment Centre of the Pt. B.