Impact of Sjögren's disease on quality of sexual life using the Qualisex score.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of Sjögren disease (SjD) on the quality of sexual life and its determinants using the Qualisex questionnaire.

Methods: The Qualisex questionnaire was administered to participants within the ASSESS cohort, a French national multicentric prospective cohort of individuals with SjD. Patients' characteristics and psychometric evaluations were also collected.

Disruption of Epistemic Trust in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Adaptation to Avoid Making Costly Mistakes.

This paper applies error management theory (EMT) (Haselton and Buss 2000) to explore how disruptions in epistemic trust-trust in communicated information-can be understood as adaptive responses to early adversity in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). I propose that epistemic mistrust (EM) and epistemic credulity (EC), characterized by inappropriate trust patterns, arise from the differential costs of trusting unreliable versus mistrusting reliable information. Although these biases may seem maladaptive, they function as evolutionary survival mechanisms in response to harsh environments.

[Analysis of factors influencing quality of life in patients with olfaction disorders].

To explore the differences in quality of life among patients with olfaction disorders (OD) due to various etiologies and to identify factors influencing olfactory-related quality of life. This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with OD who visited the Department of Otolaryngology at Fudan University Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital between February and June 2024. Psychophysical olfactory test was performed using the Chinese Smell Identification Test (CSIT), which was based on the Chinese population, with the TDI score used as the total score for threshold (T), discrimination (D), and identification (I) tests.

Impact of Eye Contact on Communication during Online Medication Counseling: An Analysis Using the Roter Interaction Analysis System.

We have previously used the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) to analyze differences between online and face-to-face medication counseling. In our previous research, students have commented that the built-in camera on their laptops makes it difficult to make eye contact and communicate effectively. Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the impact of eye contact in online medical communication.

Adaptive Just-in-Time Intervention to Reduce Everyday Stress Responses: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Personalized approaches to behavior change to improve mental and physical health outcomes are needed. Reducing the intensity, duration, and frequency of stress responses is a mechanism for interventions to improve health behaviors. We developed an ambulatory, dynamic stress measurement approach that can identify personalized stress responses in the moments and contexts in which they occur; we propose that intervening in these stress responses as they arise (ie, just in time; JIT) will result in positive impacts on health behaviors.

Partners Now Parents: Supporting Couples During the Journey to Parenthood.

Becoming a parent is a highly anticipated milestone for many couples, yet previous research suggests that most couples experience a sharp decline in romantic satisfaction. However, there are few virtual, group-based couples prevention programs for first-time parents. The present study examined the feasibility and effectiveness of a newly developed prevention program for the journey to parenthood, the Partners Now Parents program.

Urinary Selenium, Cranial MRI, and Cognitive Function in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.

Introduction: Selenium (Se), a trace element found in soil and groundwater, is necessary for many biological functions, including cerebrovascular health, through selenoprotein formation. However, high concentrations may be harmful. American Indians face elevated cerebrovascular disease rates, which may be associated with other trace elements, such as Se.

Perspective: Data in personalized nutrition: Bridging biomedical, psycho-behavioral, and food environment approaches for population-wide impact.

Personalized Nutrition (PN) represents an approach aimed at delivering tailored dietary recommendations, products or services to support both prevention and treatment of nutrition-related conditions and improve individual health using genetic, phenotypic, medical, nutritional, and other pertinent information. However, current approaches have yielded limited scientific success in improving diets or in mitigating diet-related conditions. In addition, PN currently caters to a specific subgroup of the population rather than having a widespread impact on diet and health at a population level.

Positive resonance: Successful interpersonal emotion regulation facilitated relationship closeness by enhanced inter-brain synchronization.

Interpersonal emotion regulation (IER) refers to the dynamic process where a regulator employs specific strategies to alleviate a target's distress. It remains unclear whether successful IER could facilitate interpersonal relationship closeness (IRC). The present study aimed to explore whether successful IER, based on two typical strategies-cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES)-for down-regulating the target's negative emotions, could enhance IRC among friend dyads, and to identify the underlying neural correlates of this process using functional near-infrared spectroscopy system.

Brain connectivity for constructing new face representations in typical adults versus a prosopagnosic patient.

Will our brains get to know a new face better if we look at its external features first? Here we offer neurophysiological evidence of the relevance of external versus internal facial features for constructing new face representations, by contrasting successful face processing with a prototypical case of face agnosia. A woman with acquired prosopagnosia (E.C.

Characterizing childhood trauma in individuals based on patterns of intrinsic brain connectivity.

Childhood maltreatment represents a strong psychological stressor that may lead to the development of later psychopathology as well as a heightened risk of health and social problems. Despite a surge of interest in examining behavioral, neurocognitive, and brain connectivity profiles sculpted by such early adversity over the past decades, little is known about the neurobiological substrates underpinning childhood maltreatment. Here, we aim to detect the effects of childhood maltreatment on whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in a cohort of healthy adults and to explore whether such RSFC profiles can be used to predict the severity of childhood trauma in subjects based on a data-driven connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM).

Comparing psychiatric symptom networks between individuals in resilience and non-resilience trajectories of adaptation amid the global pandemic.

Objective: The current study compared symptom networks between individuals exhibiting resilience and non-resilience trajectories of adaptation two years after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Method: A population-representative sample (N = 906) reported symptoms of anxiety and depression in February-July 2020 (T1), March-August 2021 (T2), and September 2021-February 2022 (T3), as well as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder (AD) at T3. After differentiating between individuals with resilience and non-resilience trajectories using growth mixture modeling, network analyses were conducted to investigate group differences in T3 network symptoms (undirected and directed).

The relationship between behavioral inhibition and resting electroencephalography: A neuroelectrophysiological study.

Investigating the neurophysiological indicators of behavioral inhibition is crucial; however, despite numerous studies on the relationship between behavioral inhibition and resting-state electroencephalography (rs-EEG), the findings have yielded inconsistent results. Furthermore, these investigations primarily focused on reactive inhibition while neglecting intentional inhibition. Therefore, this study aimed to reassess the correlation between reactive inhibition and rs-EEG metrics while also exploring the association between intentional inhibition and rs-EEG.

Loneliness mediates the association between trait social anxiety and cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress.

The primary aims of the current study are (1) to examine the association between trait social anxiety and cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress, and (2) to identify if loneliness significantly mediates the association between trait social anxiety and cardiovascular reactivity. A sample of 658 participants completed a cardiovascular reactivity protocol consisting of a resting baseline and stressor phase (mental arithmetic and Stroop), with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) monitored throughout. Participants also completed self-reported measures assessing social anxiety and loneliness.

Impact of immersive virtual reality compared to a digital static approach in word (re)learning in post-stroke aphasia and neurotypical adults: lexical-semantic effects?

Background: Word production difficulty is one of the most common and persisting symptoms in people suffering from aphasia (i.e., anomia).

In vivo Calcium Extrusion from Accumbal Astrocytes Reduces Anxiety-like Behaviors but Increases Compulsive-like Responses and Compulsive ethanol drinking in Mice.

The ventral striatum is crucially involved in reward processing. The present study investigates the behavioral effects of astrocyte-specific calcium extrusion virus "CalEx" on perseverative responses in the operant five-choice serial reaction time task and ethanol-conditioned place preference. Mice were injected with CalEx via the GfaABCD promoter to extrude cytosolic calcium from astrocytes within the ventral striatum.

A Systematic Review of the Relationship Between Taste and Personality Traits: Phenomena and possible mechanisms.

Individuals exhibit variability in taste preferences, and personality plays a role in those variations. This study provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between taste preferences and personality traits, focusing on the five basic tastes (sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and umami) and spiciness. Through a systematic review of the literature from the past 30 years, 24 of 2182 articles were selected using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol.

Individual associations of self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality, chronotype and social jet lag with infectious disease risk.

Sleep deficiency is associated with infectious disease risk. However, little is known about the individual roles of different aspects of sleep, including sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep timing (assessed by chronotype) and sleep regularity (in the form of social jet lag) in this context. Here, we examined associations of the probability of reporting a cold or other infections with self-reported sleep duration, sleep quality and chronotype in a sample of 642 adults, and with social jet lag in a subsample of 274 adults.

Probabilistically constrained vector summation of motion direction in the mouse superior colliculus.

Visual motion is a crucial cue for the brain to track objects and take appropriate actions, enabling effective interactions with the environment. Here, we study how the superior colliculus (SC) integrates motion information using asymmetric plaids composed of drifting gratings of different directions and speeds. With both in vivo electrophysiology and two-photon calcium imaging, we find that mouse SC neurons integrate motion direction by performing vector summation of the component gratings.

The Effect of Providing Video-Animated Information to Female Patients With Stress Urinary Incontinence Before the Urodynamic Study on the Patient's Anxiety, Pain, Satisfaction, and Willingness to Repeat the Procedure.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of providing video-animated information to female patients with stress urinary incontinence before urodynamics on the patient's anxiety, pain, satisfaction, and willingness to repeat the procedure.

Methods: Before the procedure, patients were divided into two groups with 1:1 randomization. While one group was given written and verbal information, the other group was additionally given animated video information accompanied by a doctor.

Behavioral interventions targeting treatment adherence in chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Adherence to dialysis, medication regimens and dietary and fluid intake recommendations can improve quality of life and survival in chronic kidney disease, but non-adherence is prevalent. This review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of behavioral interventions on treatment adherence in chronic kidney disease and examined intervention characteristics (Behavior Change Techniques and delivery methods) associated with direct and indirect measures of adherence. Literature searches in five databases identified 149 eligible studies (255 study arms; 15878 patients).

Risky actions: Why and how to estimate variability in motor performance.

We describe the difficulties of measuring variability in performance, a critical but largely ignored problem in studies of risk perception. The problem seems intractable if a large number of successful and unsuccessful trials are infeasible. We offer a solution based on estimates of task-specific variability pooled across the sample.

Prevalence of and risk factors for sarcopenia in patients with epilepsy.

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder with a burden of comorbidities. Knowledge regarding sarcopenia prevalence and associated risk factors in patients with epilepsy remains limited, which prompted us to conduct the present study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with epilepsy from our epilepsy clinic and controls from the staff at National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.

Characterising mental wellbeing and associations with subcortical grey matter volume at short intervals in early adolescence.

This temporally rich, longitudinal study of early adolescents (N = 88, 277 datasets, 12-13 years) investigated the relationship between bilateral subcortical grey matter volume (GMV) in the hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens-area, caudate, putamen and pallidum with self-reported mental wellbeing at four timepoints, across 12 months. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) revealed (1) higher 'total wellbeing' was associated with smaller left caudate and larger left accumbens-area; (2) higher eudaimonic wellbeing was associated with smaller left caudate and larger right caudate; and (3) higher hedonic wellbeing was associated with larger left accumbens-area. Further analyses and plots highlighted different associations between GMV and wellbeing for adolescents who consistently experienced 'moderate-to-flourishing' wellbeing (n = 63, 201 datasets), compared with those who experienced 'languishing' wellbeing at any timepoint (n = 25, 76 datasets).

The development of social offloading.

Across two experiments, we explored the conditions under which 4- to 11-year-old children (N = 138) were more likely to seek social cognitive helpers and whether they preferentially relied on help from those that had previously shown proficiency in a relevant cognitive context. Children completed a memory task with varying levels of difficulty, after which they were introduced to two characters that exhibited either a high memory ability (task-relevant) or a high motor skill ability (task-irrelevant) in a distinct context. Children then completed the memory task a second time with the option to choose one of the two characters to assist them.