Preserved but Un-Sustained Responses to Bids for Dyadic Engagement in School-Age Children with Autism.

Purpose: Dynamic eye-tracking paradigms are an engaging and increasingly used method to study social attention in autism. While prior research has focused primarily on younger populations, there is a need for developmentally appropriate tasks for older children.

Methods: This study introduces a novel eye-tracking task designed to assess school-aged children's attention to speakers involved in conversation.

Doping in Combat Sports: a systematic review.

Purpose: This systematic review aims to synthesize the current research on doping in combat sports, examining the prevalence, detection methods, prevention strategies, and overall impact on combat sports.

Design/methodology/approach: Of the 21 identified articles, six met the inclusion criteria. A systematic approach was used, including content analysis based on specific criteria: articles in English, original research, and relevance to sport and doping.

Incongruent virtual reality cycling exercise demonstrates a role of perceived effort in cardiovascular control.

In this study we have used a highly immersive virtual reality (VR) cycling environment where incongruence between virtual hill gradient (created by visual gradient and bike tilt angle) and actual workload (pedalling resistance) can experimentally manipulate perception of exercise effort. This therefore may provide a method to examine the role of effort perception in cardiorespiratory control during exercise. Twelve healthy untrained participants (7 men, age 26 ± 5 years) were studied during five visits.

MetaRehabVerse: The Great Opportunity to Put the Person's Functioning and Participation at the Center of Healthcare.

Background And Objective: The metaverse refers to a digital realm accessible via internet connections using virtual reality and augmented reality glasses for promoting a new era of social rehabilitation. It represents the next-generation mobile computing platform expected to see widespread utilization in the future. In the context of rehabilitation, the metaverse is envisioned as a novel approach to enhance the treatment of human functioning exploiting the "synchronized brains" potential exacerbated by social interactions in virtual scenarios.

Prosodic Modifications to Challenging Communicative Environments in Preschoolers.

Adapting one's speaking style is particularly crucial as children start interacting with diverse conversational partners in various communication contexts. The study investigated the capacity of preschool children aged 3-5 years ( = 28) to modify their speaking styles in response to background noise, referred to as noise-adapted speech, and when talking to an interlocutor who pretended to have hearing loss, referred to as clear speech. We examined how two modified speaking styles differed across the age range.

Adolescent Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation: The Moderating Role of Parental Socialization of Negative Emotions.

This study investigated whether parental socialization of negative emotions moderated the relationship between adolescents' low executive function or high impulsivity and their current or subsequent emotion dysregulation. Emotion dysregulation, characterized by difficulties in managing the intensity and duration of emotions, is a transdiagnostic factor linked to adverse outcomes. Youth with poor executive functioning and/or high impulsivity are at risk for emotion dysregulation; however, the role of parenting in influencing this trajectory warrants exploration.

Mental Health Services for Serious Mental Illness: Scoping Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Aims: This review aims to classify the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on mental health services (MHS) for people with serious mental illness (SMI) available in the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's (CSzG) specialised register.

Design: Scoping review.

Methods: We retrieved and screened RCTs of service-level interventions considering non-pharmacological approaches for mental healthcare of the CSzG register.

Peripheral Single-Cell Immune Characteristics Contribute to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia With Lewy Bodies.

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are common neurodegenerative diseases with distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms. The clinical similarities between these diseases often result in high misdiagnosis rates, leading to serious consequences. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are easy to collect and can accurately reflect the immune characteristics of both DLB and AD.

Impact of number of passes and futile reperfusion in basilar artery occlusion acute ischaemic stroke.

Introduction: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard of care in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion. A vital modifiable factor is successful reperfusion. While multiple passes improve the rates of successful reperfusion, previous studies have reported progressively diminishing returns.

Exploring the relationship between proactive inhibition and restrictive eating behaviours in severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SE-AN).

Background: There is a need for improved understanding of why 20-30% of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) develop a severe and enduring form of illness (SE-AN). Previously, we reported differences in proactive inhibition (a pre-emptive slowing of responses) in individuals with AN compared to healthy controls (after controlling for intolerance of uncertainty). The present study is a preliminary exploration of proactive inhibition in which we compared women with SE-AN with healthy comparison (HC) women and explored its association with restrictive/avoidant eating behaviours.

Network intervention analysis to assess the trajectory of change and intervention effects associated with the use of self-control training for ego depletion aftereffects.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to use the advanced technique of Network Intervention Analysis (NIA) to investigate the trajectory of symptom change associated with the effects of self-control training on youth university students' chronic ego depletion aftereffects.

Methods: The nine nodes of chronic ego depletion aftereffects and integrated self-control training were taken as nodes in the network and analyzed using NIA. Networks were computed at the baseline, at the end of treatment, at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month follow up.

Integration of physical and mental health services for children and young people with eating disorders and functional symptom disorders: discrete choice experiment.

Background: Given the increasing recognition of the value of greater integration of physical and mental health services for children and young people, we aimed to evaluate preferences among parents for the characteristics associated with integrated health service provision for two conditions (eating disorders, functional symptom disorders).

Methods: Two discrete choice experiments (DCEs) were conducted, using electronic surveys. Participants were adult parents of children and young people.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an ACT and compassion-based intervention for women with breast cancer: study protocol of two randomised controlled trials {1}.

Background: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and carries a considerable psychosocial burden. Interventions based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and compassion-based approaches show promise in improving adjustment and quality of life in people with cancer. The Mind programme is an integrative ACT and compassion-based intervention tailored for women with breast cancer, which aims to prepare women for survivorship by promoting psychological flexibility and self-compassion.

Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the dissociative experiences measure, Oxford (DEMO).

Backgrounds: Dissociative experiences are described as crucial psychological mechanisms involving the organism's responses to severe psychological traumas and unpleasant past experiences. This research was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the Dissociative Experiences Measure, Oxford (DEMO) in the Iranian general population.

Methods: This study used cross-sectional correlation, and the statistical population consisted of Iranians over 15 years old.

Extended-release amphetamine (Dyanavel XR) is associated with reduced immediate-release supplementation in adults with ADHD, regardless of baseline patient variables: a retrospective cohort analysis of medical treatment records.

Background: Adults with ADHD benefit from treatment with extended-release (ER) formulations that provide symptom control for the entire day. Some patients are advised to supplement their extended-release medication with an immediate-release (IR) medication later in the day if they need to prolong its effects. Given that several FDA-approved ER formulations are available and many individual patient variables may affect efficacy, the purpose of this study was to identify reliable predictors of the tendency for patients to supplement their daily ER medication with an IR medication.

A staged integrated model informing the promotion of healthy dietary behaviors in adolescents: a prospective study.

Background: The promotion of healthy dietary behaviors in adolescence is critical, which have long-term implications for lifelong health. Integration is an important method for improving limited theories of dietary behavior change. The present study proposes an integrated model aimed at identifying the diverse determinants of healthy dietary behaviors in adolescents and assesses its stage-specific nature as the potential for effective interventions.

Navigating technostress: a deep dive into health practitioners' technological challenges in hospital settings.

Background And Purpose: Despite the increasing integration of information technologies in healthcare settings, limited attention has been given to understanding technostress among health practitioners in hospitals. This study aims to assess the prevalence of technostress creators among health practitioners and explore potential factors contributing to its occurrence, with the ultimate goal of informing strategies to mitigate its impact.

Method: Data were collected through a validated questionnaire administered to health practitioners at Tehran Apadana Hospital in Iran.

Acute administration of NLX-101, a Serotonin 1A receptor agonist, improves auditory temporal processing during development in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome.

Background: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading known genetic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)-associated behaviors. A consistent and debilitating phenotype of FXS is auditory hypersensitivity that may lead to delayed language and high anxiety. Consistent with findings in FXS human studies, the mouse model of FXS, the Fmr1 knock out (KO) mouse, shows auditory hypersensitivity and temporal processing deficits.

Understanding the Components of Eating Behaviour-Focused Weight Management Interventions Adjunct to Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review of Published Literature.

Purpose Of Review: Eating behaviour-focused interventions are essential for improving health and weight-related outcomes in patients undergoing metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS). This work aims to examine the content of eating behaviour-focused weight management interventions adjunct to MBS in terms of the type and quantity of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). A literature search retrieved randomised controlled and parallel group trials up to March 2024.

Frailty and neurocognitive impairments in Chinese survivors of childhood cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of frailty and the association between frailty and neurocognitive impairments among Chinese survivors of childhood cancer.

Methods: A total of 185 survivors of childhood cancer were recruited from a long-term follow-up clinic in Hong Kong (response rate: 94.4%; 48.

Examination of hierarchical form perception in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus).

The perception of objects is a challenging task that requires recognizing visual elements and integrating them into a whole. While human vision prioritizes attention to the overall configuration, data from other species suggests this bias towards global form perception is not universal. Studies with pigeons indicate preferential attention to local details when both local and global information may be diagnostic, but studies with other bird species are more limited.

Generating distant analogies increases metaphor production.

Although a large body of work has explored the mechanisms underlying metaphor comprehension, less research has focused on spontaneous metaphor production. Previous research suggests that reasoning about analogies can induce a relational mindset, which causes a greater focus on underlying abstract similarities. We explored how inducing a relational mindset may increase the tendency to use metaphors to describe topics.

Memories of hand movements are tied to speech through learning.

Hand movements frequently occur with speech. The extent to which the memories that guide co-speech hand movements are tied to the speech they occur with is unclear. Here, we paired the acquisition of a new hand movement with speech.