Everyday activity strategies perceived by people with advanced cancer: a qualitative explorative study.

Background: Despite growing research on the daily life of people with advanced cancer, more specific knowledge is needed about the specific strategies these people use to manage everyday activities.

Purpose: This study explores how people with advanced cancer manage their everyday activities and describe their specific strategies.

Methods: The qualitative study was designed with an explorative approach.

Understanding the experience of the mothers' ability to take care of their preterm infants related to in-hospital and post-discharge: a qualitative content analysis.

Background: Preterm infants may experience many health and developmental issues, which continue even after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Once home, the mother, as a non-professional and the primary caregiver will be responsible for the essential care of her preterm infant.

Purpose: Understanding the take care ability in mothers with preterm infants.

Randomized studies in China show that studying and promoting civic honesty needs to consider local norms.

Civic honesty is a crucial behavior that policymakers and business leaders strive to promote among citizens and employees. We conducted online and field experiments in China adapting the setting of a recent research which employed an innovative design to study civic honesty behavior around the globe. Results show that the psychological mechanism underlying lost-wallet reporting behavior in China is somewhat different from what has been suggested in the literature.

The impact of teacher emotional support on learning engagement among college students mediated by academic self-efficacy and academic resilience.

College students' learning engagement not only significantly influences their academic performance but also plays a vital role in their future career development. Ensuring that students maintain high levels of engagement is essential for society's goal of cultivating high-quality talent. Therefore, understanding the key factors that drive student engagement is critical for educators as they develop effective strategies to foster this engagement.

From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS).

The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs. We conducted a preliminary examination of two psychological assumptions of REBUS: (a) psychedelics foster acute relaxation and post-acute revision of confidence in mental-health-relevant beliefs; which (b) facilitate positive therapeutic outcomes and are associated with the entropy of EEG signals. Healthy individuals (N = 11) were administered 1 mg and 25 mg psilocybin 4-weeks apart.

Peer Victimization and School Engagement among Chinese Adolescents: Does Classroom-Level Victimization Matter?

Peer victimization has been demonstrated to have a long-lasting negative impact on adolescents' psychological well-being, yet its impact on school engagement is inconclusive, particularly during high school. In addition, research about the role of classroom-level victimization in the association between individual-level peer victimization and adolescents' school engagement remains underexplored. Previous research has relied solely on self-report measures to assess peer victimization, potentially limiting the scope of understanding.

Academic Achievement, Externalizing Problems, and Close Friends in Middle School: Testing a Developmental Cascade Model Leading to Educational Attainment in the Late Twenties.

Because educational attainment is associated with well-being in the long term, it is important to understand the developmental processes that enhance academic outcomes during adolescence. Also, although the importance of friends is well documented in adolescence, little is known about how close friends' characteristics work together with youth's own characteristics to shape adolescents' educational trajectories. This study fills an important gap in knowledge by focusing on how middle school students' academic achievement and externalizing problems are associated with their friends' achievement and externalizing problems over time, and how these variables predict educational attainment in adulthood.

A SNARC-like effect for visual speed.

Numerical and nonnumerical magnitudes can be represented along a hypothetical left-to-right continuum, where smaller quantities are associated with the left side and larger quantities with the right side. However, these representations are flexible, as their intensity and direction can be modulated by various contextual cues and task demands. In four experiments, we investigated the spatial representation of visual speed.

Non-clinical Psychosocial Mental Health Support Programmes for People with Diverse Language and Cultural Backgrounds: A Critical Rapid Review.

Low accessibility to mainstream psychosocial services disadvantages culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations, resulting in delayed care and high rates of unsupported psychological distress. Non-clinical interventions may play an important role in improving accessibility to psychosocial support, but what characterises best practice in this space remains unclear. This critical rapid review addressed this gap by searching for, and critically analysing, existing research on non-clinical psychosocial support services, drawing from a critical realist framework and Brossard and Chandler's (Brossard and Chandler, Explaining mental illness: Sociological perspectives, Bristol University Press, 2022) taxonomy of positions on culture and mental health.

State-of-the-Art Personalized Therapy Approaches for Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: Understanding the Mechanisms and Drivers.

Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide, significantly impacting quality of life and imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden. Traditional treatment approaches often rely on a one-size-fits-all strategy, failing to account for individual variations in pathophysiological mechanisms, drivers, and the principles of personalized medicine. Furthermore, an overemphasis on biomechanical findings from imaging may lead to ineffective interventions and unnecessary surgical procedures, obscuring other important factors that contribute to pain perception.

Effectiveness and patient satisfaction with the new sildenafil oral suspension formulation compared to sildenafil oro-dispersible film: a real-life study.

Sildenafil is one of the most used phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in clinical practice. A new oral suspension formulation (OSF) of sildenafil has been introduced to overcome the drawbacks of previous formulations. We assess the efficacy and patients' experience with sildenafil 50 mg OSF in men with ED who were taking the sildenafil oro-dispersible film (ODF).

Examining the physical and psychological effects of combining multimodal feedback with continuous control in prosthetic hands.

Myoelectric prosthetic hands are typically controlled to move between discrete positions and do not provide sensory feedback to the user. In this work, we present and evaluate a closed-loop, continuous myoelectric prosthetic hand controller, that can continuously control the position of multiple degrees of freedom of a prosthesis while rendering proprioceptive feedback to the user via a haptic feedback armband. Twenty-eight participants without and ten participants with upper limb difference (ULD) were recruited to holistically evaluate the physical and psychological effects of the controller via isolated control and sensory tasks, dexterity assessments, embodiment and task load questionnaires, and post-study interviews.

Understanding Burnout among Surgical residents: a mixed method study.

Burnout is a complex condition that can strangely affect individuals in healthcare professions, such as surgeons and surgical residents. This study aimed to assess burnout and better explain the concept of burnout in surgical residents and the clarification strategies they take with this phenomenon to solve this problem. This mixed methods study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2022-2023 with two quantitative and qualitative phases.

Investigate physiological and psychological responses to environment scenes, elements and components in different urban settings.

Research has proved a close relationship between environments and physiological as well as psychological responses. However, existing research based on neuroscience experiments demonstrated a clear dichotomy between natural and built environments in the selection of exposure settings. There is very limited research analyzing and comparing the effects of different urban environments on individual psychological health.

The representation of stimulus features during stable fixation and active vision.

Predictive updating of an object's spatial coordinates from pre-saccade to post-saccade contributes to stable visual perception. Whether object features are predictively remapped remains contested. We set out to characterise the spatiotemporal dynamics of feature processing during stable fixation and active vision.

Physician Personal Well-Being and Resilience: An Action Plan and Sustainable Approach.

This comprehensive review addresses the critical issue of burnout among obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs), exploring strategies to enhance personal well-being and resilience. The study examines the personal and professional consequences of burnout, including its impact on patient care and health care systems. It outlines institutional responsibilities and provides practical strategies for creating supportive work environments.

The Impact of Stillbirth on Maternal Wellbeing.

Several parents globally face stillbirth, which takes a toll on their mental health and well-being. We would like to discuss the differences between grief and mental health and ways care must be tailored toward the specific needs of the bereaved. Recent research shows that there is a sense of personal responsibility that accompanies stillbirth and pregnancy loss.

The Mental Health Traumas of Infertility: Impact and Consequences.

Stress is defined as "a state of mental and emotional tension resulting from adverse circumstances." The desire to be a parent is a primordial urge. Many individuals are unable to attain this goal and suffer from guilt, helplessness, and depression.

Pharmacotherapy for Tourette Syndrome.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is associated with dysregulated cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical neural circuitry, of which the primary implicated neurotransmitters include dopamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid. Pharmacologic intervention for tics should be considered when tics are causing psychological, functional, or physical impairment, and behavioral treatment is either inaccessible or ineffective. Only 3 medications have Food and Drug Administration approval for TS, including 2 typical antipsychotics (pimozide and haloperidol) and 1 atypical antipsychotic (aripiprazole).

Neurocognitive Functioning in Tourette Syndrome: From Research Findings to Clinical Implementation.

Individuals living with Tourette syndrome (TS) may benefit from cognitive assessment, as it may elucidate specific difficulties for which someone could receive accommodation and highlight relative strengths to build upon. Eventually, cognitive assessment could help predicting symptom trajectory or treatment outcome. However, the literature on cognition in TS is often equivocal, which may be at least partly attributed to small samples, inconsistent consideration of co-occurring conditions, psychotropic medication, and developmental influence.

Quality of Life in Tourette Syndrome.

Research conducted since the turn of the millennium has shown that the quality of life in patients with Tourette syndrome is affected by various health-related factors. The condition's chronic nature, along with its social and emotional implications, can significantly diminish the overall quality of life. Both core symptoms-motor and vocal tics-and associated comorbidities can contribute to functional impairments and reduced well-being.

Promoting organizational learning in nursing: examining the influence of participatory leadership, psychological ownership and motivation.

Purpose: The study was designed to investigate the moderating role of employee motivation as a mediator of psychological ownership in the relationship between nurses' perception of participatory leadership and their organizational learning behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach: The study included 476 nurses working in a training and research hospital in the east of Turkey. This study, prepared in accordance with the Strobe checklist, was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study.

The role of fear and dopamine-striatal pathways in grooming.

Fear is a fundamental emotion that triggers rapid and automatic behavioral response. Fear is known to suppress reward-seeking behaviors, interrupt previous activities to prioritize defensive responses and lead to rapid switch to defensive reactions. Dopamine (DA) plays a complicated role in the choice and performance of actions and it has a potential interaction of innate actions with the presence of fear.

Exploring Manual Therapy in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: IBS is a prevalent gut-brain interaction disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, significantly affecting quality of life (QoL). IBS contributes to substantial work absenteeism and economic burdens and often coexists with other somatic and psychiatric conditions, with psychological well-being being a critical determinant of QoL. IBS sufferers often turn to MT due to dissatisfaction with conventional treatments.

Human-inspired strategies for controlling swarm systems.

The control of swarms has emerged as a paradigmatic example of human-autonomy teaming. This review focuses on understanding human coordination behaviours, while controlling evasive autonomous agents, to inform the design of human-compatible teammates. We summarize the solutions employed by human dyads, as well as the verbal communication and division of labour strategies observed in four-person teams using virtual simulations.