All-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia with specific epidemiological, pathogenetic and clinical features. Its frequency varies widely among nations, with a decreased incidence among 'Nordic' origin populations. The molecular hallmark of the disease is the presence of a balanced reciprocal translocation resulting in the PML/RAR-α gene fusion, which represents the target of the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy.

Pseudopapilledema in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient.

IIH is a syndrome of increased intracranial pressure characterized by headache, visual disturbance, papilledema with normal cranial neuroimaging. It is associated with many factors in childhood. From the renal perspective renal insufficiency, chronic dialysis, steroid treatment, and recombinant human growth hormone have been associated with IIH.

Headaches: the pediatrician's perspective.

The primary care physician is often the first professional to evaluate the child with headaches. This article reviews the most common causes of headache, including infections, trauma, hypertension, pseudotumor cerebri, postlumbar puncture headaches, and ocular disorders. Most children with headache can be evaluated and treated by their primary care physician.

Intracranial pressure monitoring in perspective.

Monitoring of intracranial pressure has become increasingly widespread in a variety of conditions. The information gained has allowed for the development of certain principles of management in patients with presumed or potential intracranial hypertension. These principles are applicable whether ICP monitoring is employed or not.