The ligamentous cervical instability etiology of human disease from the forward head-facedown lifestyle: emphasis on obstruction of fluid flow into and out of the brain.

Ligamentous cervical instability, especially ligamentous upper cervical instability, can be the missing structural cause and/or co-morbidity for many chronic disabling brain and systemic body symptoms and diagnoses. Due to the forward head-facedown lifestyle from excessive computer and cell phone usage, the posterior ligament complex of the cervical spine undergoes a slow stretch termed "creep" which can, over time, lead to cervical instability and a breakdown of the cervical curve. As this degenerative process continues, the cervical curve straightens and ultimately becomes kyphotic, a process called cervical dysstructure; simultaneously, the atlas (C1) moves forward, both of which can lead to encroachment of the structures in the carotid sheath, especially the internal jugular veins and vagus nerves.

Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An International Matched-Cohort Study.

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has been traditionally viewed as a neuro-ophthalmic disorder, yet emerging evidence suggests broader systemic implications. Our study investigates the cardiometabolic outcomes associated with IIH through a comprehensive matched-cohort analysis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic health records from 2009 to 2024.

Semaglutide as an Adjunctive Therapy to Standard Management for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Real-World Data-Based Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure, predominantly affecting young women with obesity. This study evaluates the effectiveness of semaglutide as an adjunctive therapy to standard IIH management using real-world data.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis comparing IIH patients receiving semaglutide plus standard therapy versus standard therapy alone.

Efficacy of Tirzepatide Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist In Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. A Real-World Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure, predominantly affecting obese women of reproductive age. While GLP-1 receptor agonists have shown promise in IIH management, the potential of dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor activation through tirzepatide remains unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate tirzepatide's efficacy as an adjunctive therapy in IIH management.

Special Considerations in the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Purpose Of Review: To review the management of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) with co-existing conditions affecting therapy: obesity, sulfa allergy, nephrolithiasis, and pregnancy.

Recent Findings: The IIH-WT trial showed that bariatric surgery is currently the most effective method for obese patients with IIH to lose weight, leading to normalization of CSF pressure in many cases. Allergy to sulfonamide antibiotics does not preclude the use of acetazolamide; rather, penicillin allergy or multiple drug allergies are the strongest predictor of a hypersensitivity reaction.

Cholate Shunt, Oral Cholate Challenge and Endoscopic Lesions of Portal Hypertension: The SHUNT-V Study.

Background: The accuracy of current criteria for ruling out large oesophageal varices (LEV) and other endoscopic lesions of portal hypertension (PH) may be compromised by obesity and MASLD/MASH.

Aims: In the US multicentre SHUNT-V study, we evaluated the disease severity index (DSI) for detecting LEV and other lesions of PH at endoscopy.

Methods: Subjects were adults with compensated cirrhosis scheduled for endoscopy to screen for varices.

A narrative review of magnetic resonance imaging findings in pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background And Aims: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a rare neurological disorder in the pediatric population which is defined as an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) without the presence of brain parenchymal lesions, hydrocephalus, or central nervous system infection. In this study, we have determined the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in IIH patients.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the electronic databases including Web of Sciences, Scopus, and Pubmed to identify suitable and relevant articles using keyword search methods.

Therapeutic Cerebral Fluid Puncture in Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: No Short-Term Effect on Neurocognitive Function.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is typically characterized by headaches and vision loss. However, neurocognitive deficits are also described. Our study aimed to test the influence of therapeutic lumbar puncture on the latter.