Endogenous Endophthalmitis in the Setting of Kidney Disease: A Case Series.

Blood stream infections (BSI) are common in patients with kidney disease. Metastatic foci of infections are one of the known complications of BSI. Endophthalmitis which is defined as infection and inflammation of the inner coats of the eye ball and intraocular fluids (aqueous and vitreous), is one such focus.

ESKAPE pathogen incidence and antibiotic resistance in patients with bloodstream infections at a referral hospital in Limpopo, South Africa, 2014-2019: A cross-sectional study.

Background: There is a paucity of research on the incidence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of , and spp. (ESKAPE) pathogens in Africa because of the inadequate establishment of AMR surveillance systems.

Objective: This study reports on the incidence and AMR of bloodstream ESKAPE pathogens at a referral hospital in northern South Africa.

Antibacterial chitosan/organic rectorite nanocomposite-conjugated gelatin/β-cyclodextrin hydrogels with improved hemostasis performance for wound repair.

Bacterial infections and severe bleeding continue to pose significant challenges in wound repair. There is an urgent need for innovative, nature-inspired hydrogel dressings with antibacterial and hemostatic properties. A Ge-β-CD-CS-OREC conjugate hydrogel was developed by grafting β-CD and CS-OREC nanocomposites into a Ge matrix using EDC/NHS crosslinking, as confirmed by FT-IR and EDX analyses.

Structural analysis of ExaC, an NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) utilizes ethanol as an energy source, however, ethanol metabolism generates acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct. To mitigate this toxicity, P. aeruginosa employs aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) to oxidize acetaldehyde into less harmful compounds.

Survey of probable synergism between melittin and ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, and chloramphenicol against multidrug-resistant .

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and also biofilm-associated infections is a great health concern due to the failure of available antibiotics. This has alerted scientists to developing alternative antibiotics. Melittin as an antimicrobial peptide has antibacterial synergistic activity in combining with conventional antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria.

Current innovations in mRNA vaccines for targeting multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE pathogens, including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, represents a critical global public health challenge. In response, mRNA vaccines offer an adaptable and scalable platform for immunotherapy against ESKAPE pathogens by encoding specific antigens that stimulate B-cell-driven antibody production and CD8 T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, effectively neutralizing these pathogens and combating resistance. This review examines recent advancements and ongoing challenges in the development of mRNA vaccines targeting MDR ESKAPE pathogens.

Interspecies Crosstalk via LuxI/LuxR-Type Quorum Sensing Pathways Contributes to Decreased Nematode Survival in Coinfections of and .

Quorum sensing (QS) is a prominent chemical communication mechanism used by common bacteria to regulate group behaviors at high cell density, including many processes important in pathogenesis. There is growing evidence that certain bacteria can use QS to sense not only themselves but also other species and that this crosstalk could alter collective behaviors. In the current study, we report the results of culture-based and coinfection experiments that probe interspecies interactions between the opportunistic pathogens and involving their LuxI/LuxR-type QS circuits.

Changing profile of bacterial infection and microbiome in cystic fibrosis: when to use antibiotics in the era of CFTR-modulator therapy.

The advent of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy, especially the triple therapy combining the drugs elexacaftor, tezacaftor, ivacaftor (ETI), has significantly changed the course of the disease in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). ETI, which is approved for the majority (80-90%) of pwCF, partially restores CFTR channel function, resulting in improved mucociliary clearance and, consequently, improved lung function, respiratory symptoms and pulmonary exacerbations. The bacterial burden of classical CF pathogens such as and is reduced without reaching eradication in the majority of infected patients.

Tazobactam/Ceftolozane (TAZ/CTLZ) and Relebactam/Imipenem (REL/IPM) susceptibility in Japan: nationwide surveillance of respiratory bacterial pathogens in 2019/20.

Tazobactam/ceftolozane (TAZ/CTLZ) and relebactam/imipenem/cilastatin (REL/IPM/CS) are expected to be effective for treating patients with antimicrobial-resistant infections, particularly gram-negative pathogens, but nationwide surveillance of these has not been investigated thoroughly in Japan. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=164), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=141), and Haemophilus influenzae (n=156) isolated from respiratory infected patients in Japan from June 2019 through December 2020 provided by the Japanese Surveillance Committee were used. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for TAZ/CTLZ, REL/IPM and comparator agents against isolates were carried out by broth microdilution methods according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard.

Expanding the complex: phylogenomic insights, proposal of sp. nov. and reclassification of two species.

A novel species was isolated as a contaminant in viral transport media at the District of Columbia Department of Forensic Sciences Public Health Laboratory. Phylogenomic and biochemical analyses of the isolate determined that it represented a novel species within . Related strains in public genome databases suggested that this novel species is associated with clinically acquired infections, similar to closely related .

Profile of bacterial resistance in emergency wards, non-intensive care unit areas, and intensive care units in Mexican hospitals with the antimicrobial stewardship program.

Objectives: Bacterial infections are important causes of death. Some reports have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had an impact on drug resistance. The objective of this work was to compare the resistance profiles between 2019 and 2020 in the emergency department, non-intensive care units (ICU), and ICU areas in Mexican hospitals.

Palmitoleic acid inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing activation and protects lungs from infectious injury.

Background: Unsaturated fatty acids targeting quorum sensing (QS) system have shown potential application in reducing bacterial virulence. We aim to investigate the effect of palmitoleic acid (PMA) on P. aeruginosa QS activation, and its impact on infection-induced lung injury.

Serotype switching in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST111 enhances adhesion and virulence.

Evolution of the highly successful and multidrug resistant clone ST111 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involves serotype switching from O-antigen O4 to O12. How expression of a different O-antigen serotype alters pathogen physiology to enable global dissemination of this high-risk clone-type is not understood. Here, we engineered isogenic laboratory and clinical P.

High-content imaging and deep learning-driven detection of infectious bacteria in wounds.

Fast and accurate detection of infectious bacteria in wounds is crucial for effective clinical treatment. However, traditional methods take over 24 h to yield results, which is inadequate for urgent clinical needs. Here, we introduce a deep learning-driven framework that detects and classifies four bacteria commonly found in wounds: Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), Escherichia coli (EC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), and Staphylococcus aureus (SA).