8,547 results match your criteria: "Pseudomembranous Colitis"

(a) Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) bacterium can cause severe diarrhea and its over-colonization in the host's intestinal tract lead to the development of pseudomembranous colitis, generally due to antibiotic usage. The primary exotoxins involved are toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), the latter being more pathogenic.

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Article Synopsis
  • An HIV-positive patient with Kaposi's sarcoma developed watery diarrhea and bleeding after 14 days of antibiotic therapy, prompting a colonoscopy that showed pseudomembranes in the intestine.
  • Due to limited resources, Clostridioides difficile infection was suspected and treated with oral metronidazole, leading to improvement after 5 days.
  • The diagnosis was hindered by the lack of advanced lab tests for C.D. infection, but the combination of the patient's immunosuppression, chemotherapy, and antibiotic use made CD infection likely.
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We present a case of an 8-week-old infant with acute bloody diarrhoea and subsequent passage of an intestinal cast. An extensive immune and infection work-up did not reveal a causative aetiology. Histopathology indicated the cast represented an intestinal pseudomembrane.

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[Clostridioides difficile infections: Update and therapeutic guidelines].

Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil

October 2024

CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, Président du Collège National des Enseignants de Gériatrie, France.

Article Synopsis
  • * Complications from CDI, such as pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon, require prompt diagnosis through clinical evaluation, microbiological tests, and potentially imaging studies.
  • * Treatment typically involves halting harmful antibiotics and using specific antimicrobial therapies, with options like fidaxomicin, oral vancomycin, and fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent cases.
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Association between age and onset of daptomycin-induced adverse events using the U.S. food and drug administration adverse event reporting system.

J Infect Chemother

August 2024

Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Mie, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Division of Clinical Medical Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • Daptomycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, was evaluated for age-related adverse events through analysis of 7307 reports from the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System.
  • The study found that older adults (65-80 years) experienced increased reports of eosinophilic pneumonia and acute renal failure, while adolescents (12-17 years) saw higher instances of anaphylactic reactions and pseudomembranous colitis.
  • The results suggest the importance of age-dependent follow-up care to better manage and support daptomycin treatment for different age groups.
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and Gut Microbiota: From Colonization to Infection and Treatment.

Pathogens

July 2024

Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Clostridioides difficile (CD) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in developed countries, with both infected and asymptomatic individuals serving as key transmission sources.
  • CD infection (CDI) can cause symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to severe conditions like pseudomembranous colitis, and the prevalence of severe CDI cases has increased in recent years, partly due to new, more virulent strains.
  • The relationship between CDI and the gut microbiota is critical, as changes in the microbiota can influence whether CD acts as a colonizer or an invader; restoring a healthy gut microbiota, potentially through interventions like fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), is viewed as a promising strategy for preventing and
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Article Synopsis
  • Pseudomembranous colitis (PC) is an inflammation of the colon mainly caused by Clostridium difficile, often triggered by antibiotic use, as seen in a case involving a 48-year-old man with severe health issues who presented with acute weakness and later developed PC during hospitalization.* -
  • The patient's condition deteriorated due to complications like ventilator-associated pneumonia from multi-drug resistant bacteria, but he successfully transitioned off mechanical ventilation before facing severe diarrhea and abdominal pain linked to PC, confirmed by stool tests and imaging.* -
  • Despite an initial treatment plan including vancomycin and metronidazole, he experienced a relapse of PC, which was confirmed through colonoscopy; this case underscores the need
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Exploring novel microbial metabolites and drugs for inhibiting .

mSphere

July 2024

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • There’s a harmful germ that can make people sick, causing anything from mild diarrhea to serious illnesses, especially after taking antibiotics that upset the normal gut balance.
  • Researchers studied a huge collection of substances to find new options to fight this germ, discovering 18 promising compounds with strong effects against it.
  • Some of these new treatments worked really fast and didn't harm the good bacteria in the gut, which is important for keeping us healthy, unlike some common antibiotics that do.
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Toxins: Host Cell Interactions and Their Role in Disease Pathogenesis.

Toxins (Basel)

May 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.

Article Synopsis
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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) caused by toxigenic C. difficile is the leading cause of antimicrobial and healthcare-associated diarrhea. The pathogenicity of C.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of C. difficile infections in children and adolescents with diarrhea in northeastern Brazil, revealing a significant infection rate of 30.4% among samples tested.
  • - A total of four toxigenic strains were identified, with most samples showing susceptibility to metronidazole and vancomycin, while diarrhea associated with these infections lasted an average of 11 days and was often severe.
  • - The research indicates that comorbid chronic diseases were key risk factors for these infections, underscoring the need for further awareness and understanding of C. difficile's impact on pediatric health in the region.
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infection (CDI) is an intestinal infection that causes morbidity and mortality and places significant burden and cost on the healthcare system, especially in recurrent cases. Antibiotic overuse is well recognized as the leading cause of CDI in high-risk patients, and studies have demonstrated that even short-term antibiotic exposure can cause a large and persistent disturbance to human colonic microbiota. The recovery and sustainability of the gut microbiome after dysbiosis have been associated with fewer CDI recurrences.

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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common and severe nosocomial infections worldwide. It can also affect healthy individuals in the community. The incidence of CDI has been on the rise globally for the past decade, necessitating a proactive approach to combat its spread; new strategies are being developed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize treatment outcomes.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and as treatment improves, bowel emergencies among cancer patients are becoming more frequent due to longer survival rates.
  • The article focuses on imaging features of various bowel emergencies that occur in cancer patients, including issues like chemotherapy-related colitis and bowel obstructions.
  • Radiologists play a crucial role in diagnosing these emergencies through imaging and helping to guide subsequent treatment decisions.
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Clostridioides difficile infection causes pathology that ranges in severity from diarrhea to pseudomembranous colitis. Toxin A and Toxin B are the two primary virulence factors secreted by C. difficile that drive disease severity.

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