Clinical Outcomes of Proton Beam Therapy for Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Purpose: We retrospectively researched the treatment outcome of proton beam therapy (PBT) and assessed its efficacy for inoperable locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) at our institution.

Methods And Materials: Fifty-four patients (28 men and 26 women, median age 67 years ranging from 40-88 years) were diagnosed with unresectable stage III LAPC and administered PBT from April 2009 to March 2020. Patients who could not complete PBT, had new distant metastases during the treatment, or did not have enough follow-up time were excluded from this study.

Proton therapy for adult-type diffuse glioma: A systematic review.

Background: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate outcomes and toxicities associated with proton therapy in the treatment of adult-type diffuse glioma.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed for both prospective and retrospective studies on proton therapy for adult diffuse gliomas, including IDH-mutated gliomas WHO grade 2-3 and glioblastomas. Survival and toxicity outcomes were reported separately for these glioma types.

Impact of cyclophosphamide on the morphological and histological changes in polyglycolic acid spacers.

In radiotherapy for pediatric abdominal tumors, determining the effect of concurrent chemotherapy on polyglycolic acid (PGA) spacers is crucial; yet this effect has not been validated. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of cyclophosphamide (CPA) chemotherapy on the PGA spacer using a rat model. Twenty-four rats were implanted with the spacer, and morphological changes in the spacer were assessed on CT for both the CPA-dosed group (40 mg/kg) and the control group.

Planning Benchmark Study for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy of Pancreas Carcinomas With Simultaneously Integrated Boost and Protection: Results of the DEGRO/DGMP Working Group on Stereotactic Radiation Therapy and Radiosurgery.

Purpose: The proximity or overlap of planning target volume (PTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) poses a major challenge in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of pancreatic cancer (PACA). This international treatment planning benchmark study investigates whether simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) and simultaneous integrated protection (SIP) concepts in PACA SBRT can lead to improved and harmonized plan quality.

Methods And Materials: A multiparametric specification of desired target doses (gross target volume [GTV], GTV, PTV, and PTV) with 2 prescription doses of GTV = 5 × 9.

Proton pencil beam scanning radiotherapy in the postoperative treatment of p16 positive squamous cell tonsillar cancer - evaluation of toxicity and effectivity.

Purpose: Patients with p16 positive tonsillar cancer (p16 + TC) have an excellent prognosis and long-life expectancy. Deintensification of therapy is a prevalent topic of discussion. Proton radiotherapy is one way to reduce radiation exposure and thus reduce acute and late toxicity.

Linear energy transfer dependent variation in viability and proliferation along the Bragg peak curve in sarcoma and normal tissue cells.

The energy deposition of photons and protons differs. It depends on the position in the proton Bragg peak (BP) and the linear energy transfer (LET) leading to a variable relative biological effectiveness (RBE). Here, we investigate LET dependent alterations on metabolic viability and proliferation of sarcoma and endothelium cell lines following proton irradiation in comparison to photon exposure.

Evolution of Proton Radiation Therapy Brainstem Constraints on the Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry.

Purpose: Increasing concern that brainstem toxicity incidence after proton radiation therapy might be higher than with photons led to a 2014 University of Florida (UF) landmark paper identifying its risk factors and proposing more conservative dose constraints. We evaluated how practice patterns changed among the Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry (PPCR).

Material And Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study gathered data from patients under the age of 22 years enrolled on the PPCR, treated between 2002 and 2019 for primary posterior fossa brain tumors.

Arterial input function estimation compensating for inflow and partial voluming in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Both inflow and the partial volume effect (PVE) are sources of error when measuring the arterial input function (AIF) in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. This is relevant, as errors in the AIF can propagate into pharmacokinetic parameter estimations from the DCE data. A method was introduced for flow correction by estimating and compensating the number of the perceived pulse of spins during inflow.

Preparing Children for Invasive Medical Cancer Treatment with "My Logbook": Preliminary Results of a Pilot Study.

Pediatric cancer is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases, necessitating a variety of severe medical interventions. As a result, the disease and its treatment cause numerous acute and long-term medical, psychological, and socioeconomic strains for young patients and their families. Therefore, psychosocial care using evidence-based interventions (EBIs) before, during, and after medical treatments is essential to ensure that patients receive adequate information and to minimize the adverse emotional and psychosocial impacts such as insecurity, fear, and shame.

The indication of palliative whole-brain radiotherapy for patients with brain metastases: a simple prognostic scoring system in the era of stereotactic radiosurgery.

Background: Stereotactic irradiation has become the mainstay treatment for brain metastases (BM), and whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is often used for symptom palliation. However, the survival time of patients with BM undergoing palliative WBRT (pWBRT) is limited, making it difficult to select patients who should receive treatment.

Methods: We collected patient data from 2016 to 2022 at the Shizuoka Cancer Center and retrospectively analyzed the factors related to survival time.

Interference of FZD2 suppresses proliferation, vasculogenic mimicry and stemness in glioma cells via blocking the Notch/NF‑κB signaling pathway.

Frizzled family protein 2 (FZD2) is widely associated with tumor development and metastasis. The present study aimed to gain an insight into the role and regulatory mechanism of FZD2 in glioma. The expression level of FZD2 in normal astrocyte and glioma cells was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and cell transfection was conducted for FZD2 expression knockdown.

Particle arc therapy: Status and potential.

There is a rising interest in developing and utilizing arc delivery techniques with charged particle beams, e.g., proton, carbon or other ions, for clinical implementation.

Controversies in neuro-oncology: Focal proton versus photon radiation therapy for adult brain tumors.

Radiation therapy (RT) plays a fundamental role in the treatment of malignant and benign brain tumors. Current state-of-the-art photon- and proton-based RT combines more conformal dose distribution of target volumes and accurate dose delivery while limiting the adverse radiation effects. PubMed was systematically searched from from 2000 to October 2023 to identify studies reporting outcomes related to treatment of central nervous system (CNS)/skull base tumors with PT in adults.

Impact of relative cisplatin dose to skeletal muscle mass on adverse events in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with high-dose cisplatin (CDDP) is the standard treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), some patients experience CDDP-related adverse events (AEs). We aimed to evaluate the impact of relative CDDP dose to skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on chemotherapy-associated AEs in patients with HNSCC undergoing CRT with high-dose CDDP.

PTCOG Ocular Statement: Expert Summary of Current Practices and Future Developments in Ocular Proton Therapy.

Although rare cancers, ocular tumors are a threat to vision, quality of life, and potentially life expectancy of a patient. Ocular proton therapy (OPT) is a powerful tool for successfully treating this disease. The Particle Therapy Co-Operative Ocular Group) formulated an Evidence and Expert-Based Executive Summary of Current Practices and Future Developments in OPT: comparative dosimetric and clinical analysis with the different OPT systems is essential to set up planning guidelines, implement best practices, and establish benchmarks for eye preservation, vision, and quality of life measures.

Two-dimensional oxygen-diffusion modelling for FLASH proton therapy with pencil beam scanning-Impact of diffusive tissue properties, dose, dose rate and scan patterns.

Oxygen depletion is generally believed to play an important role in the FLASH effect-a differential reduction of the radiosensitivity of healthy tissues, relative to that of the tumour under ultra-high dose-rate (UHDR) irradiation conditions. In proton therapy (PT) with pencil-beam scanning (PBS), the deposition of dose, and, hence, the degree of (radiolytic) oxygen depletion varies both spatially and temporally. Therefore, the resulting oxygen concentration and the healthy-tissue sparing effect through radiation-induced hypoxia varies both spatially and temporally as well.

Quality of palliative radiotherapy assessed using quality indicators: a multicenter survey†.

We sought to identify potential evidence-practice gaps in palliative radiotherapy using quality indicators (QIs), previously developed using a modified Delphi method. Seven QIs were used to assess the quality of radiotherapy for bone metastases (BoM) and brain metastases (BrM). Compliance rate was calculated as the percentage of patients for whom recommended medical care was conducted.