19,502 results match your criteria: "Prosthetic Heart Valves"
External evaluation of a commercial artificial intelligence-augmented digital auscultation platform in valvular heart disease detection using echocardiography as reference standard.
Int J Cardiol
January 2025
Artificial Intelligence for Medical Systems (AIMS) Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates the accuracy of the Eko murmur analysis software (EMAS) in detecting valvular heart disease (VHD) by comparing it to echocardiography (ECHO) results.
- Data from 1,029 individuals were analyzed, revealing that EMAS had a sensitivity of 39.4% and a specificity of 82.4% for detecting murmurs related to VHD.
- While EMAS shows better sensitivity for certain VHD types, its overall limited sensitivity suggests it may not be reliable as a screening tool for all forms of VHD.
Impact of burden and distribution of aortic valve calcification on the hemodynamic performance and procedural outcomes of a self-expanding, intra-annular transcatheter aortic valve system.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging
December 2024
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Roma, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is examined as a predictor for complications in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), with a focus on its impact on intra-annular devices.
- Patients with high AVC have a higher risk of developing mild to severe paravalvular leak (PVL) and conduction disorders requiring pacemaker implantation, indicating AVC's significant role in post-TAVI outcomes.
- The study found that higher AVC levels predict poor 30-day clinical outcomes after TAVI, highlighting the importance of assessing AVC to improve patient management.
Case Report: Post-operative mitral valve replacement complicating with a large cardiac mass and the role of TEE in Imaging.
F1000Res
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Article Synopsis
- Postoperative complications following valve surgery can include hematomas, bleeding, and acute thrombosis, with a complication rate of 0.7 to 3.5% per patient annually.
- In a case study, a woman in her 50s experienced worsening dyspnea and chest pain after mitral valve replacement, leading to the discovery of a large mass in the right atrium via echocardiography, which was effectively excised.
- Accurate imaging techniques like TTE and TEE are crucial for diagnosing and managing postoperative complications, highlighting the importance of skilled sonographers in preventing further complications in asymptomatic patients.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Valvular Cardiogenic Shock.
JACC Adv
November 2024
Cleveland Clinic Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 2,754 CS patients, 442 (16%) had VCS, with a higher median age (70 years) and a greater proportion of females (40.3%) compared to non-VCS patients, and the majority had native valve issues, particularly affecting the aortic valve.
- * Patients with VCS had worse outcomes, showing higher 1-year (44% vs 37%)
Prosthetic valve dysfunction in patients with mechanical heart valves: Results from the Emergency Salam Centre cohort.
Thromb Res
December 2024
Thrombosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:
Introduction: Mechanical heart valve (MHV) replacement requires long-life anticoagulation due to the risk of Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction (PVD) and cardioembolism.
Methods: We report data from a prospective observational study conducted on MHV patients in the Khartoum Salam Centre for Cardiac Surgery built by 'Emergency,' an Italian Non-Governmental Organization, to evaluate the occurrence of PVD and associated risk factors.
Results: We prospectively followed 3647 patients, and 38 patients (rate 1.
TAVI complication: Prosthetic valve leaflet dislodgment after post-dilatation.
Int J Surg Case Rep
November 2024
Heart Center, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, affiliated with the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address:
Introduction And Importance: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat severe aortic stenosis. While TAVI is generally safe and effective, it can be complicated by rare adverse events such as prosthetic leaflet dislodgment leading to acute free aortic regurgitation.
Case Presentation: We report the case of a female patient who experienced acute free aortic regurgitation following elective TAVI.
Rate of Ascending Aortic Enlargement in a Large Echocardiographic Cohort: Associated Risk Factors and Adverse Aortic Events.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr
October 2024
Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation at Abbott-Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Electronic address:
Background: Understanding ascending aortic aneurysm growth and associated risk factors is critical to advising appropriate echocardiographic follow-up intervals for patients. The aim of this study was to identify aortic aneurysm growth rate on serial echocardiography as well as the clinical and demographic variables that contribute to baseline aortic size and subsequent aortic growth.
Methods: Patients identified with ascending aortic aneurysms and undergoing serial echocardiograms within 5 years were evaluated.
Role of 3D transoesophageal echocardiography in the study of infective endocarditis. Demonstration in a case collection.
Eur Heart J Imaging Methods Pract
July 2024
Cardiology Service, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen-EsSalud, Lima, Peru.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a condition that predominantly affects native or prosthetic heart valves, which is currently on the rise due to the increase in invasive cardiology procedures, such as the utilization of cardiac implantable electronic devices and transcatheter interventions. The recommended imaging tests for diagnosis are 2D transthoracic echocardiography (2D TTE) and 2D transoesophageal echocardiography (2D TOE). However, these modalities present limitations in detecting vegetations and estimating their dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine learning-based classification of valvular heart disease using cardiovascular risk factors.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Statistics, Metropolitan International University, Kampala, Uganda.
Article Synopsis
- Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) is a major cause of death, especially in older people, and this study explores the unknown risk factors associated with it.
- The research utilizes machine learning techniques, including various classifiers like SVM, to analyze VHD cases and assess the effectiveness of these methods in diagnosis.
- Findings indicate that combining SVM with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) offers the best performance, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive strategy to address the prevalence of VHD based on identified risk factors.
A Rapidly Deteriorating Case of Bivalvular Endocarditis in a Hemodialysis Patient: A Case Report.
Cureus
September 2024
Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Wakefield Campus, Bronx, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection that causes inflammation of the heart's inner lining, often increasing in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD).
- A case study describes a 46-year-old obese male with a history of diabetes and renal disease who faced severe symptoms after missing dialysis sessions, including altered mental status and indications of septic shock.
- The case emphasizes the need for urgent medical intervention and collaboration among healthcare teams to stabilize the patient and investigate potential infections linked to his condition.
Implantation of a mitral allograft into the tricuspid valve position in active infective endocarditis.
Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
November 2024
A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rublevskoe Shosse, 135, Moscow, 121552 Russian Federation.
In cases of severe and recurrent infectious lesions affecting the right heart, one alternative option for bioprosthetic intervention is the implantation of a mitral allograft (a donor heart valve) in the position of the tricuspid valve. We present a clinical case detailing the successful implantation of a fresh mitral allograft into the tricuspid position in a 37-year-old male patient diagnosed with active infective endocarditis of the tricuspid valve and a high risk of prosthetic endocarditis. The mitral allograft was anatomically implanted with annuloplasty using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene band.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-term outcomes of mitral valve repair in children.
Front Cardiovasc Med
October 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Article Synopsis
- Mitral Valve Disease in children is challenging due to varying associated conditions, and repair is preferred over replacement because prosthetic valves can cause complications as children grow.
- A study analyzed 47 pediatric patients who underwent mitral valve repair from 2002 to 2023, finding a low early mortality rate of 6.3% and encouraging long-term survival rates of 93.6% at one year and 91.4% at ten years.
- The results suggest that mitral valve repair provides favorable outcomes, with an 85.1% rate of freedom from re-operation at ten years, indicating that individualizing treatment based on patient growth and specific conditions can maximize success.
Novel Insights into Non-Invasive Diagnostic Techniques for Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Critical Review.
Diagnostics (Basel)
October 2024
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Polyclinic University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a cardiac storage disease caused by the progressive extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins in the myocardium. Despite the increasing interest in this pathology, it remains an underdiagnosed condition. Non-invasive diagnostic techniques play a central role in the suspicion and detection of CA, also thanks to the continuous scientific and technological advances in these tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpeckle Vibrometry for Contactless Instantaneous Heart Rate and Respiration Rate Monitoring on Mechanically Ventilated Patients.
Sensors (Basel)
October 2024
Electrical Engineering Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
: Contactless monitoring of instantaneous heart rate and respiration rate has a significant clinical relevance. This work aims to use Speckle Vibrometry (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPentadecanoic Acid-Releasing PDMS: Towards a New Material to Prevent Biofilm Formation.
Int J Mol Sci
October 2024
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
Microbial biofilm formation on medical devices paves the way for device-associated infections. is one of the most common strains involved in such infections as it is able to colonize numerous devices, such as intravenous catheters, prosthetic joints, and heart valves. We previously reported the antibiofilm activity against of pentadecanoic acid (PDA) deposited by drop-casting on the silicon-based polymer poly(dimethyl)siloxane (PDMS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfective Endocarditis by Species-A Systematic Review.
J Clin Med
October 2024
School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is more commonly caused by Gram-positive cocci, but Gram-positive bacilli may seldom cause the disease. is an aerobic Gram-positive coccobacillus and a foodborne and opportunistic pathogen most commonly causing gastrointestinal infections, even though bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis, and fetal infections may also occur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHomograft implant for prosthetic aortic endocarditis with paravalvular abscess in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava.
Multimed Man Cardiothorac Surg
October 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute-Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- A patient with prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis faced severe complications, necessitating urgent surgery due to significant valve detachment and prior cardiac surgeries.
- Preoperative imaging uncovered a rare left superior vena cava anomaly, which required special techniques for safe surgery.
- The surgical procedure involved removing the infected valve and tissue, then replacing it with a cryopreserved aortic homograft for better fit and function.
Evaluation of Vitamin K Antagonists Management and Control in Patients with Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Isr Med Assoc J
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with mechanical heart valves require vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) due to risks of thrombosis and embolism, making proper treatment control crucial.
- A study during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that fewer patients had regular INR tests and overall time in therapeutic range (TTR) decreased compared to the year before the pandemic.
- Results indicate that VKA management for these patients worsened during the pandemic, with fewer tests and lower control levels than previously observed.
Impact of Severity and Extent of Iliofemoral Atherosclerosis on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing TAVR.
JACC Cardiovasc Interv
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Vascular complications are a significant issue for patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), especially those with peripheral artery disease, and the Hostile score has been developed to help assess risk.
- A study validated the Hostile score by analyzing data from 2,023 TAVR patients, finding that those with higher Hostile scores were more likely to experience vascular complications, particularly non-puncture site issues.
- The research found that independent predictors of complications included body mass index, use of specific closure devices, and a higher Hostile score, with the score being particularly effective in predicting non-puncture site complications after the procedure.
Aortic Homografts in Surgical Management of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis: A Case Series from Greece.
Am J Case Rep
October 2024
Department of Heart Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
Article Synopsis
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe complication after valve replacement surgeries, occurring in 1.8% to 5.8% of cases, with up to 20% in-hospital mortality; common pathogens include Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, and fungi.
- The treatment for IE often requires lengthy antibiotic courses, and cases involving aortic prosthetic valves may need complex surgical interventions due to root abscess formations.
- A recent case series from Greece reported successful outcomes in 8 patients who underwent surgery for prosthetic valve endocarditis with significant aortic root abscesses, highlighting the effectiveness of using aortic homografts for aortic root replacement in these challenging
Artificial Intelligence Improves Prediction of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Planning CT.
Acad Radiol
October 2024
Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA (G.T., M.V.N., U.J.S., E.Z., G.J.A., D.K., J.O., P.S.S., I.M.K., T.E., A.V.S.). Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is crucial before transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), and this study aimed to assess how well AI software can predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in TAVR patients by analyzing cardiac parameters.
- The study included 648 patients, revealing that 17.9% experienced MACE within an average follow-up of 24 months, with left ventricle long axis shortening (LV-LAS) identified as a key predictor of MACE after considering other clinical factors.
- The results showed that the AI-derived LV-LAS significantly improved prediction models for MACE, demonstrating that automated cardiac assessments can effectively aid in risk stratification prior to TAVR procedures
Article Synopsis
- Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) affects 30-40% of patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, leading to concerns about their survival outcomes when treated with left ventricular mechanical support.
- A study conducted across 80 sites analyzed 361 patients, finding that 28% had RVD, which correlated with lower survival rates to discharge (61.8% vs. 73.4%) and higher instances of severe shock and active CPR during treatment.
- Despite initial lower survival for RVD patients, hemodynamic parameters measured within 24 hours showed no significant differences between those with and without RVD, indicating that early left ventricular support may not immediately affect RV function.
Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing High-Risk PCI with Impella.
J Card Fail
October 2024
Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Among 239 patients assessed, 124 had RVD, which was linked to factors like lower left ventricular ejection fraction and higher blood urea nitrogen levels, but did not significantly affect certain immediate procedural outcomes.
- * RVD was found to be a strong predictor of worse long-term outcomes, with higher rates of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) at 90 days and increased mortality at one year post-procedure.
Single Arterial Access for VA-ECMO-Assisted Stenting of a Left Ventricular Assist Device Outflow Graft Obstruction in the Setting of an Oversewn Aortic Valve.
Circ Heart Fail
October 2024
The Cardiovascular Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Endovascular interventional treatment of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding after dual antiplatelet therapy: A case report.
Radiol Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Friendship Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Article Synopsis
- Dual antiplatelet therapy helps prevent serious blood clot events in patients with conditions like deep vein thrombosis and after stent placements, but it carries a significant risk of bleeding.
- One of the most serious risks of this therapy is gastrointestinal bleeding, which accounts for nearly half of major bleeding incidents related to its use.
- A case is presented involving a 74-year-old woman who experienced lower gastrointestinal bleeding after undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy, and she was successfully treated with an endovascular coil procedure.