Electrical stimulation of injured nerves promotes recovery in animals and humans.

The frequent poor functional outcomes after delayed surgical repair of injured human peripheral nerves results in progressive downregulation of growth-associated genes in parallel with reduced neuronal regenerative capacity under each of the experimental conditions of chronic axotomy of neurones that remain without target contact, chronic distal nerve stump denervation, and chronic muscle denervation. Brief (1 h) low-frequency (20 Hz) electrical stimulation (ES) accelerates the outgrowth of regenerating axons across the surgical site of microsurgical repair of a transected nerve. Exercise programmes also promote nerve regeneration with the combination of ES and exercise being the most effective.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of the occipital nerves as treatment for chronic cluster headache.

Background: Chronic cluster headache (CCH) is an excruciatingly painful condition that can be difficult to treat sufficiently with the available medical treatment options. The greater occipital nerves (GON) are of major interest in treating CCH, and various invasive treatment modalities, such as stimulating or blocking the nerves, have been applied. Because the terminal segment of the GON has a superficial course, the nerve is also accessible for non-invasive transcutaneous stimulation.

Nanoelectrode-Mediated Extracellular Electrical Stimulation Directing Dopaminergic Neuronal Differentiation of Stem Cells for Improved Parkinson's Disease Therapy.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the dysfunction and death of dopaminergic neurons. Neural-stem-cell (NSC)-based therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of PD but its therapeutic performance is limited by low efficiency of differentiation of NSCs to dopaminergic neurons. Although electrical stimulation can promote neuronal differentiation, it is not verified whether it can induce the NSCs to specifically differentiate into dopaminergic neurons.

Exploring individual differences in amygdala-mediated memory modulation.

Amygdala activation by emotional arousal during memory formation can prioritize events for long-term memory. Building upon our prior demonstration that brief electrical stimulation to the human amygdala reliably improved long-term recognition memory for images of neutral objects without eliciting an emotional response, our study aims to explore and describe individual differences and stimulation-related factors in amygdala-mediated memory modulation. Thirty-one patients undergoing intracranial monitoring for intractable epilepsy were shown neutral object images paired with direct amygdala stimulation during encoding with recognition memory tested immediately and one day later.

Effect of transcutaneous electro-stimulation in postoperative rehabilitation pain treatment in thoracic surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Chest pain is one of the most difficult problems to solve after thoracic surgery. Its correct control is often quite difficult, which can cause complications due to an ineffective cough and superficial respiratory movements.

Methods: This study has been designed with the purpose of studying the value of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) in the postoperative pain rehabilitation of thoracotomy.

Enhanced Chondrogenic Differentiation of Electrically Primed Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising avenue for cartilage regeneration; however, their therapeutic efficacy requires substantial improvement. Cell priming using electrical stimulation (ES) is a promising approach to augmenting the therapeutic potential of MSCs and has shown potential for various regenerative applications. This study aimed to promote the ES-mediated chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs and facilitate the repair of injured articular cartilage.

Mystery of gamma wave stimulation in brain disorders.

Neuronal oscillations refer to rhythmic and periodic fluctuations of electrical activity in the central nervous system that arise from the cellular properties of diverse neuronal populations and their interactions. Specifically, gamma oscillations play a crucial role in governing the connectivity between distinct brain regions, which are essential in perception, motor control, memory, and emotions. In this context, we recapitulate various current stimulation methods to induce gamma entrainment.

Neuromuscular Fatigue in Hamstring and Quadriceps Muscles Following Simulated Soccer Match-Play and Typical Training Sessions.

Purpose: This study investigated the mechanisms of neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in quadriceps and hamstring muscles following soccer match-play and typical training sessions dedicated to the physical development of players.

Methods: Fifteen male professional academy soccer players completed at different visits a 90-minute simulated soccer match-play (MATCH) and four training sessions modulating the metabolic nature (HIIT vs. SPRINT) and the mechanical load (number of changes of direction [COD]).

Revolutionizing treatment for disorders of consciousness: a multidisciplinary review of advancements in deep brain stimulation.

Among the existing research on the treatment of disorders of consciousness (DOC), deep brain stimulation (DBS) offers a highly promising therapeutic approach. This comprehensive review documents the historical development of DBS and its role in the treatment of DOC, tracing its progression from an experimental therapy to a detailed modulation approach based on the mesocircuit model hypothesis. The mesocircuit model hypothesis suggests that DOC arises from disruptions in a critical network of brain regions, providing a framework for refining DBS targets.

Designing Silk Biomaterials toward Better Future Healthcare: The Development and Application of Silk-Based Implantable Electronic Devices in Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy.

Implantable medical electronic devices (IMEDs) have attracted great attention and shown versatility for solving clinical problems ranging from real-time monitoring of physiological/ pathological states to electrical stimulation therapy and from monitoring brain cell activity to deep brain stimulation. The ongoing challenge is to select appropriate materials in target device configuration for biomedical applications. Currently, silk-based biomaterials have been developed for the design of diagnostic and therapeutic electronic devices due to their excellent properties and abundant active sites in the structure.

The effects of common peroneal nerve electrical stimulation on lower extremity deep venous hemodynamics: A randomized, crossover and controlled study.

Background: Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation can improve deep vein hemodynamics in the lower limbs. We developed a new, small and convenient, and easy to wear common peroneal nerve electrical stimulator (CPNES) and to investigate the effectiveness and safety of CPNES intervention on deep venous hemodynamics.

Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited and randomly divided into group A and B.

Non-Invasive and Quantitative Evaluation for Disuse Muscle Atrophy Caused by Immobilization After Limb Fracture Based on Surface Electromyography Analysis.

Background: The clinical evaluation for disuse muscle atrophy usually depends on qualitative rating indicators with subjective judgments of doctors and some invasive measurement methods such as needle electromyography. Surface electromyography, as a non-invasive method, has been widely used in the detection of muscular and neurological diseases in recent years. In this paper, we explore how to evaluate disuse muscle atrophy based on surface electromyography; Methods: Firstly, we conducted rat experiments using hind-limb suspension to create a model of disuse muscle atrophy.

Electrical Stimulation Therapy - Dedicated to the Perfect Plastic Repair.

Tissue repair and reconstruction are a clinical difficulty. Bioelectricity has been identified as a critical factor in supporting tissue and cell viability during the repair process, presenting substantial potential for clinical application. This review delves into various sources of electrical stimulation and identifies appropriate electrode materials for clinical use.

Investigation of the effects of different treatment approaches on lumbar stabilizer muscles and diaphragm motility in individuals with chronic low back pain.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine effects of core stabilization and aerobic exercises on lumbar stabilizer muscles and diaphragm motility in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Patients And Methods: Fifty-one patients (19 males, 32 females; mean age: 32.7±8.

Multimodal Physical Therapy Management of Subcoracoid Impingement: A Case Report With One-Year Follow-Up and Ultrasound Measurement of Coracohumeral Distance.

Subcoracoid impingement occurs due to mechanical encroachment of the subscapularis tendon in the subcoracoid space between the coracoid process and lesser tuberosity of the humerus. Although physical therapy is known to have a crucial role in managing this condition, to the best of our knowledge, there is no established physical therapy program in the literature. This case report aims to provide a detailed presentation and diagnosis of a subcoracoid impingement case and to investigate the effects of physical therapy on pain, disability, performance, muscle strength, and ultrasound measurements over a one-year follow-up period.

Precise Cell Type Electrical Stimulation Therapy Via Force-electric Hydrogel Microspheres for Cartilage Healing.

Electrical stimulation enhances cellular activity, promoting tissue regeneration and repair. However, specific cells and maintaining a stable energy supply are challenges for precise cell electrical stimulation therapy. Here, force-electric conversion hydrogel microspheres (Piezo@CR MPs) is devloped to induce specific stem cell aggregation and promote chondrogenic differentiation through localized electrical stimulation.

Shaping tomorrow: how the STEP training course pioneered noninvasive brain stimulation training for psychiatry in France.

Over the past three decades, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have gained worldwide attention and demonstrated therapeutic potential in various medical fields, particularly psychiatry. The emergence of these novel techniques has led to an increased need for robust training programs to provide practitioners, whether clinicians or scientists, with the necessary skills and knowledge. In response, a comprehensive training curriculum for NIBS in psychiatry has been developed in France.

Enhancing the outcomes of bariatric surgery with inhibitory control training, electrical brain stimulation and psychosocial aftercare: a pilot study protocol.

Background: Notwithstanding the documented short- and long-term weight loss and remission of physical and mental diseases following bariatric surgery, a significant proportion of patients fail to respond (fully) to treatment in terms of physical and mental health improvement. Mounting evidence links food-specific impulsivity, prefrontal cortex (PFC) hypoactivity and disrupted hormone secretion in bariatric surgery candidates to poorer post-surgical health outcomes. Neuromodulatory treatments like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) uniquely target these neurobehavioral impairments.

Ultrathin rubbery bio-optoelectronic stimulators for untethered cardiac stimulation.

Untethered electrical stimulation or pacing of the heart is of critical importance in addressing the pressing needs of cardiovascular diseases in both clinical therapies and fundamental studies. Among various stimulation methods, light illumination-induced electrical stimulation via photoelectric effect without any genetic modifications to beating cells/tissues or whole heart has profound benefits. However, a critical bottleneck lies in the lack of a suitable material with tissue-like mechanical softness and deformability and sufficient optoelectronic performances toward effective stimulation.

The dopaminergic system mediates the lateral habenula-induced autonomic cardiovascular responses.

The lateral habenula (LHb) has been implicated in stress coping and autonomic control. The LHb regulates the midbrain system of monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline. However, how the LHb regulates autonomic cardiovascular control in stressful situations is unclear.