Efficacy of the Modified Alvarado Scoring System and Radiologic Studies in Diagnosing Appendicitis in Children: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

Background: Appendicitis is a common diagnostic challenge in pediatric patients. Based on clinical and laboratory findings, the modified Alvarado scoring system (MAS) is commonly used to assess the likelihood of appendicitis. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MAS compared to radiologic findings and its components in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children.

HyMNet: A Multimodal Deep Learning System for Hypertension Prediction Using Fundus Images and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.

Study Objectives: This study aimed to develop a multimodal deep learning (MMDL) system called HyMNet, integrating fundus images and cardiometabolic factors (age and sex) to enhance hypertension (HTN) detection.

Methods: HyMNet employed RETFound, a model pretrained on 1.6 million retinal images, for the fundus data, in conjunction with a fully connected neural network for age and sex.

Dengue virus infection in Saudi Arabia from 2003 to 2023: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Dengue virus (DENV) remains one of the most common arboviral infections threatening humans. This study was conducted to systematically review the available literature and provide an updated overview of the overall prevalence of DENV infection in Saudi Arabia. The prevalence data was pooled from 21,891 participants recruited in 17 studies.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis among high-risk individuals in Madinah, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Aim: Brucellosis is a highly contagious, neglected zoonotic disease of major importance worldwide. The disease is endemic in many countries, burdening healthcare systems and the livestock industry and representing a persistent public health concern in these countries. Brucellosis is considered an important occupational hazard for livestock workers.

Cervical Radiculopathy and Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Secondary to Intraneural Foramen Vertebral Artery Loop: A Case Report.

This case report describes a 40-year-old male who presented with chronic neck pain radiating to the left upper limb, associated with weakness and numbness. He also had symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Imaging revealed an intraneural foramen vertebral artery (VA) loop compressing the C3 nerve root.

Comparative Assessment of Crohn's Disease Activity Using Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Endoscopy.

Introduction Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) has emerged as a promising technique for evaluating the extent and severity of Crohn's disease activity. To compare how we measure Crohn's disease activity with MRE and endoscopy. Material and methods We retrospectively reviewed MRE studies of 60 patients with suspicious Crohn's disease who underwent 1.

Depression and anxiety among patients with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: It is well established that epileptic disorders are associated with a wide range of psychosocial issues that overburden the affected individuals and limit their lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the commonalities between depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with epilepsy (PWE). In addition, we assessed whether depression and anxiety rates varied depending on factors related to the disease.

Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis B Population within Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 39,050 Participants.

Background And Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant complication of hepatitis B and still poses a global public health concern. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide adequate details on the prevalence of HCC in the HBV population within Southeast Asian countries.

Method: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) criteria, a thorough search for literature discussing the prevalence of HCC in the HBV population within southeast Asia was performed.

Web-Based Information on the Treatment of Dental Hypomineralization.

Purpose: To categorise and evaluate the quality and readability of the web-based information about the treatment of the variety of forms of dental hypomineralization.

Methods: An internet search using two different search terms regarding treating dental hypomineralization was conducted using the Google search engine. The first 100 websites from each search were analysed.

Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Maternal-Fetal Outcomes of in Pregnant Women from WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The protozoan parasite may cause serious illness in the immunocompromised. The seropositive prevalence in pregnant women in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region countries is inconsistent in the literature and it is associated with outcomes that have not be fully elucidated, hence the need for a better understanding of the pooled seroprevalence and associated maternal and fetal outcomes.

Objective: The objective was to conduct a systematic literature review and determine the pooled prevalence of WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional countries' pregnant women's seroprevalence of and the maternal-fetal outcomes.

Deep and Transfer Learning Approaches for Automated Early Detection of Monkeypox (Mpox) Alongside Other Similar Skin Lesions and Their Classification.

The world faces multiple public health emergencies simultaneously, such as COVID-19 and Monkeypox (mpox). mpox, from being a neglected disease, has emerged as a global threat that has spread to more than 100 nonendemic countries, even as COVID-19 has been spreading for more than 3 years now. The general mpox symptoms are similar to chickenpox and measles, thus leading to a possible misdiagnosis.

Identification of natural potent inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis isocitrate lyase: an in silico study.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global burden to humanity due to its adverse effects on health and society since time is not clearly defined. The existence of drug-resistant strains and the potential threat posed by latent tuberculosis act as strong impetuses for developing novel anti-tuberculosis drugs. In this study, various flavonoids were tested against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Isocitrate Lyase (ICL), which has been identified as an authorised therapeutic target for treating Mtb infection.

Cheminformatics and machine learning approaches for repurposing anti-viral compounds against monkeypox virus thymidylate kinase.

One of the emerging epidemic concerns is Monkeypox disease which is spreading globally. This disease is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with an increasing global incidence with an outbreak in 2022. One of the novel targets for monkeypox disease is thymidylate kinase, which is involved in pyrimidine metabolism.

Assessment of Insomnia Among Emergency Department Physicians in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia, 2023.

Background Sleep is essential for physical and mental health, and insomnia is the most common sleep disorder. Insomnia is associated with multiple health issues that may affect physicians' health and their decision-making, and subsequently affect patients in the emergency department (ED). This study aimed to assess insomnia and its associated factors among ED physicians in the western region of Saudi Arabia.

Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia.

Background Psychological morbidity is clinically important for diabetes patients because it is often associated with worse glycemic outcomes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of diabetes distress among adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methodology A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among type 1 DM patients in KSA from 2021 to 2022.

Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) and COVID-19: Unveiling the Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potentialities with a Special Focus on Long COVID.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused havoc all around the world. The causative agent of COVID-19 is the novel form of the coronavirus (CoV) named SARS-CoV-2, which results in immune system disruption, increased inflammation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). T cells have been important components of the immune system, which decide the fate of the COVID-19 disease.

Anti-tubercular activity evaluation of natural compounds by targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis resuscitation promoting factor B inhibition: An in silico study.

Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been responsible for the deaths of millions of individuals around the globe. A vital protein in viral pathogenesis known as resuscitation promoting factor (RpfB) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target of anti-tuberculosis drugs. This study offered an in silico process to examine possible RpfB inhibitors employing a computational drug design pipeline.

Exploration of potent antiviral phytomedicines from Lauraceae family plants against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, also known as RdRp, is a possible therapeutic target that could be used to suppress the proliferation of RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. This protein has two major functional sites (a) catalytic and (b) substrate entry, which regulate the natural substrate entry and its corresponding interaction with the protein. In this study, a computational drug design pipeline was applied to investigate potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp from Lauraceae plants, and five top hits were selected based on the docked score (< -7 kcal/mol).

Epigenetic Targets and Pathways Linked to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Pathology.

The scale at which the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has spread remains enormous. Provided the genetic makeup of the virus and humans is readily available, the quest for knowing the mechanism and epidemiology continues to prevail across the entire scientific community. Several aspects, including immunology, molecular biology, and host-pathogen interaction, are continuously being dug into for preparing the human race for future pandemics.

Prediction of Putative Epitope Peptides against BaeR Associated with TCS Adaptation in Using an In Silico Approach.

: The BaeR protein is involved in the adaptation system of and is associated with virulence factors responsible for systemic infections in hospitalized patients. This study was conducted to characterize putative epitope peptides for the design of vaccines against BaeR protein, using an immune-informatic approach. : FASTA sequences of BaeR from five different strains of were retrieved from the UNIPROT database and evaluated for their antigenicity, allergenicity and vaccine properties using BepiPred, Vaxijen, AlgPred, AntigenPro and SolPro.

Designing Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccine Construct against -Interpain A: An Immunoinformatics Approach.

: Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory infectious disease marked by continuous degradation of teeth and surrounding parts. One of the most important periodontal pathogens is , and with its interpain A proteinase, it leads to an increase in lethal infection. : The current study was designed to create a multi-epitope vaccine using an immunoinformatics method that targets the interpain A of .