How I Do It: Managing Cavitary Coccidioidomycosis Expert Opinions for Improving Patient Outcomes.

Coccidioidomycosis (CM), caused by the dimorphic fungi Coccidioides immitis (C. immitis) and C. posadasii, is recognized as an increasing threat both nationally and worldwide.

Hypersensitivity Pneumonia Due to Lentil Aspiration: A Rare but Painstaking Pulmonary Illness.

A 7-month-old girl had been suffering from progressively deteriorating pneumonia despite getting multiple courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics as well as anti-fungal drugs for adequate duration. To find out the cause behind this deterioration, the patient underwent thorough clinical and relevant laboratory evaluation including chest radiology & imaging, screening for primary immune deficiency disorders (PID), cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis, invasive fungal pneumonia, congenital heart disease, covid pneumonia, TORCH etc. but failed to solve the mystery.

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Misdiagnosed as Tuberculosis: A Case Report.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by necrotizing vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized vessels. This condition most commonly affects the lungs, kidneys, and upper respiratory tract. Early recognition and treatment are critical to prevent severe complications and improve prognosis.

[Pancreatic tuberculosis].

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is currently considered a public health problem due to the socioeconomic conditions of the world population and the increase in other infections such as that due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Pulmonary involvement is the most common form of clinical presentation, although in recent decades extrapulmonary involvement has increased.

Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Current, Ongoing, and Future Approaches.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an impactful infectious disease, leading to millions of deaths every year. causes the formation of granulomas, which will determine, through the host-pathogen relationship, if the infection will remain latent or evolve into active disease. Early TB diagnosis is life-saving, especially among immunocompromised individuals, and leads to proper treatment, preventing transmission.

Extensive Pulmonary AL Amyloidosis Mimicking Miliary Tuberculosis: The Diagnostic Utility of 99m Tc-PYP Scintigraphy.

Amyloidosis is a misfolded protein deposition disorder within the extracellular matrix, leading to dysfunction in the affected organ. Primary amyloidosis manifests as AL and ATTR subtypes, wherein AL is associated with plasma cell dyscrasias. Herein we present a case of a patient who underwent investigation due to the presence of bilateral reticulonodular lung infiltrates, suggestive of miliary tuberculosis.

Organizing pneumonia associated with Richter transformation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a case report and review of the literature.

Organizing pneumonia (OP) is defined histologically by the presence of granulation tissue within alveolar ducts and alveoli. Recently, several lymphoid neoplasms have been implicated as a risk factor for OP, however, OP as a primary manifestation of malignancy transformation has not been widely reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of a patient with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who presented with weight loss, low-grade fever, lymphadenopathy, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates revealed in imaging studies.

Primary treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis with weekly liposomal amphotericin B: A case report from Uganda.

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) treatment in Africa remains unexplored. We present a 23-year-old Ugandan male, previously treated thrice for pulmonary tuberculosis, developing CPA. Imaging showed lung fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and a fungal ball.

[Primary hepatic tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report].

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease that most often affects the lungs, but it can also affect any other organ with a wide range of clinical manifestations. There are three forms of hepatic involvement: diffuse hepatic tuberculosis combined with pulmonary tuberculosis; diffuse hepatic tuberculosis without pulmonary involvement; and nodular or focal/local hepatic tuberculosis, which is a very rare form and presents a diagnostic challenge. We here report the case of a young Moroccan man presenting with biliary colic that had been evolving for a month, associated with a forme fruste of tuberculous impregnation.

A multicentre study to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a novel CAD software, DecXpert, for radiological diagnosis of tuberculosis in the northern Indian population.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality among infectious diseases globally. Effectively managing TB requires early identification of individuals with TB disease. Resource-constrained settings often lack skilled professionals for interpreting chest X-rays (CXRs) used in TB diagnosis.

Tubercular cerebellitis, identified through an expansive process: A case report.

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a postprimary form of tuberculosis with high mortality and morbidity rates, even with early diagnosis and treatment. Focal tuberculous cerebritis is extremely rare, typically occurring in patients without AIDS, and often associated with tuberculous meningitis. In endemic regions, it should be a primary consideration when encountering cerebral anomalies suggestive of granulomatous conditions.

The burden of tuberculosis among patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma in a tertiary care center.

Background: Lung cancer and tuberculosis share similar risk factors, clinical spectrum, radiological features and it is difficult to differentiate but it is important to diagnose both conditions for targeted therapy and better outcome.

Aims: Our primary objective was to estimate the proportion of TB in primary biopsy proven non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cases.

Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Departments of Medicine/Pulmonary Medicine/Medical Oncology and Microbiology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi for a period of 2 years (January 2020-December 2021).

Evaluation of C-Reactive Protein and Computer-Aided Analysis of Chest X-rays as Tuberculosis Triage Tests at Health Facilities in Lesotho and South Africa.

Background: To improve tuberculosis case-finding, rapid, non-sputum triage tests need to be developed according to the World Health Organization target product profile (TPP) (>90% sensitivity, >70% specificity). We prospectively evaluated and compared artificial intelligence-based, computer-aided detection software, CAD4TBv7, and C-reactive protein assay (CRP) as triage tests at health facilities in Lesotho and South Africa.

Methods: Adults (≥18 years) presenting with ≥1 of the 4 cardinal tuberculosis symptoms were consecutively recruited between February 2021 and April 2022.