Potential of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in the Management of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Narrative Review.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction presents a major clinical challenge due to its complex pathophysiology and limitations in its therapeutic options. This comprehensive review explores the comparative effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, focusing on their impact on diabetic versus non-diabetic patients, individuals with chronic kidney disease, and the elderly. A comprehensive literature search identified randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and clinical studies that evaluated the role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in managing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Barriers to establishing teledermatoscopy in primary health care in Sweden.

Introduction: Teledermatoscopy (TDS) has proven to be effective and reliable for diagnosis of skin malignancies. The factors that determine the success of implementation of TDS are largely unknown.

Objectives: To investigate barriers to implementation of TDS in primary health care (PHC) at center and individual level.

Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Study Using Real-World Data.

: This study aimed to assess the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) treated in primary-care settings in Catalonia, Spain, and identify key risk factors associated with DR development. : A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the SIDIAP (System for Research and Development in Primary Care) database. Patients aged 30-90 with T2DM who underwent retinal screening between 2010 and 2015 were included.

Effectiveness of mobilization with movement on conditioned pain modulation, mechanical hyperalgesia, and pain intensity in adults with chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic low back pain is associated with dysfunctions in endogenous analgesia mechanisms, as evaluated through conditioned pain modulation paradigms. Although mobilization with movement has demonstrated enhancements in conditioned pain modulation among patients with conditions such as knee osteoarthritis, its efficacy in chronic low back pain patients has yet to be established.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of mobilization with movement compared to sham mobilization in conditioned pain modulation, mechanical hyperalgesia, and pain intensity in chronic low back pain patients.

A digital and nurse-led support intervention, first year after prostate cancer treatment: a single-arm feasibility study in a Swedish primary care setting.

Background: The prevalence of patients with prostate cancer is increasing, and the first year after treatment is a vulnerable period for patients as they experience symptoms and unmet needs. Although electronic patient-reported outcomes that focus on patient self-management have demonstrated benefits, evidence is sparse regarding patients with prostate cancer in primary care settings and the role of nurses as a supportive resource. The significant role of primary care in future cancer care is on the agenda.

Evolving Clinical Features of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: The Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors.

: The antidiabetic effect of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2-is) is based on their ability to increase glucose excretion through urine by inhibiting the kidney-resident SGLT2 protein. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EuDKA) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse effect of these medications, which are notable for their antidiabetic, cardiovascular, and renal protective properties. This study aimed to clarify the impact of SGLT2-is on demographic, clinical, and biochemical characteristics in patients with DKA.

Awareness of Hypoglycemic Episodes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2024.

Background Hypoglycemia, where blood glucose is ≤70 mg/dL, is a serious diabetic complication with high individual and community costs. This study aimed to investigate the level of awareness of hypoglycemic episodes among type 2 diabetic patients in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia over 9 months, among 235 type 2 diabetic patients.

Electronic cigarettes use and parental factors among children and adolescents, Jeddah. A cross-sectional study.

E-cigarettes are gaining popularity worldwide, necessitating their control. This study investigated the impact of parental factors on E-cigarette use among children-adolescents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey involving 1,044 parents of children aged 10- to 21 was conducted in malls.

Impact of Acne on the Quality of Life of Adolescents in the Territory of the Northern and Southern Regions of Montenegro.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease predominantly known as a disease of adolescents. We aimed to assess the quality of life of adolescents with acne in the territory of northern and southern regions of Montenegro.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024, in four secondary schools in the north and south of Montenegro with total number of 561 subjects.

Changes in choroidal thickness and lamina cribrosa position in subjects with overdipper pattern of arterial pressure.

Introduction: The purpose is to analyze the changes produced in subjects with an overdipper pattern of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with the aim of understanding the pathophysiology of normal tension glaucoma.

Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in patients exhibiting overdipper and non-overdipper blood pressure patterns, respectively. Different optic parameters were assessed including the analysis of ganglion cell layer (GCL), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), as well as changes produced in choroidal thickness (CT) and lamina cribrosa (LC) position at two different periods of the day (early morning and evening).

Articaine Versus Mepivacaine in Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block for Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) as an anesthetic strategy has shown conflicting results in terms of efficacy in the treatment of patients with irreversible pulpitis. Mepivacaine and articaine are anesthetic agents commonly used in the IANB technique for pulpal anesthesia. This review aimed to compare mepivacaine and articaine regarding pain and success rate.

Association of Smoking with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3 to 5: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Previous studies suggested that smoking behavior (e.g., smoking status) was associated with an elevated risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet whether this association is causal remains uncertain.

Skeletal muscle from TBC1D4 p.Arg684Ter variant carriers is severely insulin resistant but exhibits normal metabolic responses during exercise.

In the Greenlandic Inuit population, 4% are homozygous carriers of a genetic nonsense TBC1D4 p.Arg684Ter variant leading to loss of the muscle-specific isoform of TBC1D4 and an approximately tenfold increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Here we show the metabolic consequences of this variant in four female and four male homozygous carriers and matched controls.

Spontaneous space closure after extraction of young first permanent molar. Retrospective cohort study.

Background: Early compromised first-permanent-molar (FPM) extraction can adversely affect occlusion. However, the current literature does not provide sufficient support for definitive early extraction outcome. This cohort study aimed to evaluate the pattern of post-FPM extraction spontaneous space closure and its pre-extraction indicators.

Does a correlation exist between delayed vaccination and a decreased vaccine confidence?

Delay in vaccination schedule may result in increased risk of vaccine-preventable outbreaks. Lack of parental confidence in vaccines and sociodemographic factors could be related to those delays. Vaccine Confidence Index (VCI) is an indicator to estimate confidence in vaccines, composed of simple dimensions about it and evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale.

Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoinflammatory, chronic disease. Patients with AS are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The link between AS and subclinical atherosclerosis is multifactorial and still not completely understood.

Advances in microRNAs as Emerging Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Early Detection and Diagnosis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating advancements in early detection and innovative treatment strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs involved in gene regulation, have emerged as crucial players in the pathogenesis of CRC. This review synthesizes the latest findings on miRNA deregulated in precancerous lesions and in CRC.