Anticancer Properties Against Select Cancer Cell Lines and Metabolomics Analysis of Tender Coconut Water.

Background: Tender Coconut Water (TCW) is a nutrient-rich dietary supplement that contains in bioactive secondary metabolites and phytohormones with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies on TCW's anti-cancer properties are limited and the mechanism of its anti-cancer effects have not been defined.

Objective: In the present study, we investigate TCW for its anti-cancer properties and, using untargeted metabolomics, we identify components form TCW with potential anti-cancer activity.

The Application of Photobiomodulation and Stem Cells Seeded on the Scaffold Accelerates the Wound Healing Process in Mice.

The purpose of this research was to test the impact of seeding a hydrogel chitosan scaffold (HCS) with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) under the influence of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the remodeling step on the wound repairing process in mice. Thirty mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n=6 per group ): The control group (group 1) consisted of mice without any intervention. In group 2, an HCS was implanted into the wound.

Formal degree programs in physiology promote careers of clinical scientists and benefit basic science departments.

Physiologists may play critical roles in the development of clinician-scientists who aspire to an academic career. The complexity of contemporary biomedical science and economic matters regarding postgraduate education pose real conundrums. We report a more than 22-year follow-up of surgical trainees pursuing bench laboratory science experience through a collaboration between a physiology postgraduate program and a surgical researcher program within a single public medical school.

Oncogenic MicroRNAs: Key players in human prostate cancer pathogenesis, a narrative review.

Prostate cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men worldwide, and identifying key molecular players in its pathogenesis is essential for advancing effective diagnosis and therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as significant molecules involved in the progression of various cancers. As noncoding RNAs, miRNAs play a vital role in regulating gene expression and are implicated in several aspects of cancer pathogenesis.

Using resident performance on Step 2 to predict surgical residency success.

Objective: To determine whether performance on Step 2 CK can be used to predict adverse academic outcomes in surgical residency.

Methods: Surgical resident data from a single institution was used. Step 2 scores of each resident were normalized against the average Step 2 CK score for each cohort's application cycle (ie, resident who scored 246 on a year with a national average of 246 would have a normed score of 1; resident with a score >246 would have a normed score >1 etc).

A Case Report: The Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy and Amniotic Fluid Gel on a Severe Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Diabetic patients frequently experience a serious complication known as impaired wound healing, which increases the likelihood of foot infection and limb amputation. Investigators have been looking for novel methods to treat diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) recently. A 75-year-old woman with type one diabetes mellitus (DM) has been accepted.

BRCA1/2 Mutations and Breast/Ovarian Cancer Risk: A New Insights Review.

Breast and ovarian cancers are significant global health concerns, and understanding their genetic underpinnings is essential for effective prevention and cure. This narrative review provides a comprehensive analysis of studies conducted between 1994 and June 2024, focusing on the link between specific mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) and the associated risks of both breast and ovarian cancers. It encompasses the findings of various works, including observational studies and molecular profiling analyses.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Different Light Wavelength Ranges (Blue, Green, Red, and Near-Infrared) on Sperm Cell Characteristics in Vitro and in Vivo.

Around 7% of the male population in the world are entangle with considerable situation which is known as male infertility. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is the application of low-level laser radiation, that recently used to increase or promote the various cell functions including, proliferation, differentiation, ATP production, gene expressions, regulation of reactive oxygen spices (ROS), and also boost the tissue healing and reduction of inflammation. This systematic review's main idea is a comprehensive appraisal of the literatures on subjects of PBMT consequences in four light ranges wavelength (blue, green, red, near-infrared (NIR)) on sperm cell characteristics, in vitro and in vivo.

Photobiomodulation and mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium for the repair of experimental critical-size defects.

Orthopedic surgeons face a significant challenge in treating critical-size femoral defects (CSFD) caused by osteoporosis (OP), trauma, infection, or bone tumor resections. In this study for the first time, the application of photobiomodulation (PBM) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (BM-MSC-CM) to improve the osteogenic characteristics of mineralized bone scaffold (MBS) in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic (OVX) rats with a CSFD was tested. Five groups of OVX rats with CSFD were created: (1) Control (C); (2) MBS; (3) MBS + CM; (4) MBS + PBM; (5) MBS + CM + PBM.

Obesity and Inflammatory Factors in the Progression of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

Metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity leads to a chronic pro-inflammatory state with systemic effects, including the alteration of macrophage metabolism. Tumor-associated macrophages have been linked to the formation of cancer through the production of metabolites such as itaconate. Itaconate downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as a tumor-suppressing factor and upregulates anti-inflammatory cytokines in M2-like macrophages.

Photobiomodulation preconditioned diabetic adipose derived stem cells with additional photobiomodulation: an additive approach for enhanced wound healing in diabetic rats with a delayed healing wound.

In this preclinical investigation, we examined the effects of combining preconditioned diabetic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on a model of infected ischemic delayed healing wound (injury), (IIDHWM) in rats with type I diabetes (TIDM). During the stages of wound healing, we examined multiple elements such as stereology, macrophage polarization, and the mRNA expression levels of stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF-1α), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to evaluate proliferation and inflammation. The rats were grouped into: (1) control group; (2) diabetic-stem cells were transversed into the injury site; (3) diabetic-stem cells were transversed into the injury site then the injury site exposed to PBM; (4) diabetic stem cells were preconditioned with PBM and implanted into the wound; (5) diabetic stem cells were preconditioned with PBM and transferred into the injury site, then the injury site exposed additional PBM.

Photobiomodulation and conditioned medium of adipose-derived stem cells for enhancing wound healing in rats with diabetes: an investigation on the proliferation phase.

This investigation tried to evaluate the combined and solo effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and conditioned medium derived from human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (h-ASC-CM) on the inflammatory and proliferative phases of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in rats with type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM). The present investigation consisted of four groups: group 1 served as the control, group 2 treated with h-ASC-CM, group 3 underwent PBM treatment, and group 4 received a combination of h-ASC-CM and PBM. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted on days 4 and 8.

Anti-inflammatory mechanisms in cancer research: Characterization of a distinct M2-like macrophage model derived from the THP-1 cell line.

Aims: Macrophages play an essential role in cancer development. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have predominantly M2-like attributes that are associated with tumor progression and poor patient survival. Numerous methods have been reported for differentiating and polarizing macrophages in vitro, but there is no standardized and validated model for creating TAMs.

Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Wound-Healing Effects of Photobiomodulation on Type-2 Diabetic Rats.

In the current study, the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatments were examined based on biomechanical and histological criteria and mRNA levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and 4 in a postponed, ischemic, and infected wound repair model (DIIWHM) in rats with type 2 diabetes (DM2) during the inflammation (day 4) and proliferation (day 8) stages. To study ischemic wound repair in a diabetic rat model (DIIWHM), 24 rats with type-2 diabetes were randomly divided into four groups and infected with methicillin-resistant (MRSA). The control groups consisted of CG4 (control group on day 4) and CG8 (control group on day 8), while the PBM groups comprised PBM (PBM treatment group on day 4) and PBM (PBM treatment group on day 8).

Acceleration of a delayed healing wound repair model in diabetic rats by additive impacts of photobiomodulation plus conditioned medium of adipose-derived stem cells.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and conditioned medium (CM) derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ASCs), both individually and in combination, on the maturation stage of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in type I diabetic (TIDM) rats.

Methods: The study involved the extraction of h-ASCs from donated fat, assessment of their immunophenotypic markers, cell culture, and extraction and concentration of CM from cultured 1 × 10^6 h-ASCs. TIDM was induced in 24 male adult rats, divided into four groups: control, CM group, PBM group (80 Hz, 0.

Promising improvement in infected Wound Healing in Type two Diabetic rats by Combined effects of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells plus Photobiomodulation.

Background: We aimed to examine the accompanying and solo impacts of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ASC-COM) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on the maturation stage of an ischemic infected delayed-healing wound model (IIDHWM) of rats with type 2 diabetes (TIIDM).

Results: Outcomes of the wound closure ratio (WCR) results, tensiometrical microbiological, and stereological assessment followed almost identical patterns. While the outcomes of h-ASC-COM + PBM, PBM only, and h-ASC-COM only regimes were significantly better for all evaluated methods than those of group 1(all, p < 0.

Long-term behavior and functional outcomes of ileal-pouch anal anastomosis in inflammatory bowel disease with changing phenotype.

Background: Ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis is the operation of choice after proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis; some patients will develop Crohn's disease. We aim to determine long-term behavior and outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease-ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis after colectomy, where a specialist gastrointestinal pathologist re-evaluated the initial colectomy specimen.

Methods: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease-ileal-pouch-anal anastomosis were identified from a single-surgeon prospective database containing 1,165 patients accrued from 1991 to 2017 and invited to complete pouch-function and quality-of-life assessments.

and Related Osteogenic Target Genes Could Play Pivotal Roles in Photobiomodulation and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells-Based Healing of Critical Size Foot Defects in the Rat Model.

In this study, we aimed to explore the role of MicroRNA-26 in photobiomodulation (PBM)- and adipose-derived stem cell (ADS)-based healing of critical-sized foot fractures in a rat model. PBM and ADS treatments are relatively invasive methods for treating bone defects. Specific and oriented cellular and molecular functions can be induced by applying an appropriate type of PBM and ADS treatment.

Unmet Challenges in Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Patients with Crohn's disease can present with a variety of clinical manifestations; treatment strategies should focus on long-term remission and improvement of quality of life. There is no standardized process of diagnosing, predicting prognosis, and treating the disease. This narrative review was based on a literature search using PubMed, Embase, and Science Direct.

Systemic adiponectin levels in colorectal cancer and adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a well-established risk factor in the development of colorectal cancer; however, the mechanism mediating this relationship is not well understood. The adipokine, adiponectin, has an inverse relationship with obesity. Experimental studies have shown adiponectin to have dichotomous inflammatory and tumorigenic roles.

Combined Use of Photobiomodulation and Curcumin-Loaded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Significantly Improved Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats Compared to Either Treatment Alone.

Here, we assess the therapeutic effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and curcumin (CUR)-loaded superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), alone or together, on the maturation step of a type 1 diabetes (DM1) rat wound model. Full-thickness wounds were inflicted in 36 rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by the administration of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were randomly allocated to four groups.

Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Inflammatory Responses by Modifying Stereological Parameters, microRNA-21 and FGF2 Expression.

Photobiomodulation treatment (PBMT) is a relatively invasive method for treating wounds. An appropriate type of PBMT can produce desired and directed cellular and molecular processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of PBMT on stereological factors, bacterial count, and the expression of microRNA-21 and FGF2 in an infected, ischemic, and delayed wound healing model in rats with type one diabetes mellitus.

Photobiomodulation, alone or combined with adipose-derived stem cells, reduces inflammation by modulation of microRNA-146a and interleukin-1ß in a delayed-healing infected wound in diabetic rats.

Diabetic wounds are categorized by chronic inflammation, leading to the development of diabetic foot ulcers, which cause amputation and death. Herewith, we examined the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) plus allogeneic diabetic adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ad-ADS) on stereological parameters and expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1ß and microRNA (miRNA)-146a in the inflammatory (day 4) and proliferation (day 8) stages of wound healing in an ischemic infected (with 2×10 colony-forming units of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in type I diabetic (TIDM) rats. There were five groups of rats: group 1 control (C); group 2 (CELL) in which rat wounds received 1×10 ad-ADS; group 3 (CL) in which rat wounds received the ad-ADS and were subsequently exposed to PBM(890 nm, 80 Hz, 3.