Special Considerations in the Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Purpose Of Review: To review the management of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) with co-existing conditions affecting therapy: obesity, sulfa allergy, nephrolithiasis, and pregnancy.

Recent Findings: The IIH-WT trial showed that bariatric surgery is currently the most effective method for obese patients with IIH to lose weight, leading to normalization of CSF pressure in many cases. Allergy to sulfonamide antibiotics does not preclude the use of acetazolamide; rather, penicillin allergy or multiple drug allergies are the strongest predictor of a hypersensitivity reaction.

Uroabdomen secondary to spontaneous bladder rupture in a dog with dystocia.

Objective: To describe the development of uroabdomen secondary to spontaneous bladder rupture in a dog with dystocia.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old intact female Boston Terrier was referred for prolonged labor of 72 hours. At presentation, the dog had delivered 8 puppies at home, with the last pup being stillborn.

Establishment of a diagnostic model for urinary calculi in pregnant women: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The diagnosis of symptomatic urinary stones during pregnancy is challenging; ultrasonography has a low specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing urinary stones. This study aimed to develop a clinical diagnostic model to assist clinicians in distinguishing symptomatic urinary stones in pregnant women.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we consecutively collected clinical data from pregnant women who presented with acute abdominal, lumbar, and lumbar and abdominal pain at the emergency department of our hospital between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019.

Risk Factors of Kidney Stones in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, affect approximately 12% of the global population, often resulting in mild to severe pain and complications such as infection and renal failure. The causes are multifactorial, involving lifestyle factors, genetic predisposition, and various medical conditions. Despite advancements in treatment, the incidence of kidney stones is on the rise, especially in regions like Asia's stone belt, which includes Pakistan as well.

Kidney Failure Secondary to Hereditary Xanthinuria due to a Homozygous Deletion of the XDH Gene in the Absence of Overt Kidney Stone Disease.

Hereditary xanthinuria (HXAN) is a rare metabolic disorder that results from mutations in either the xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) or the molybdenum cofactor sulfurase genes (MOCOS), respectively defining HXAN type I and type II. Hypouricemia, hypouricosuria, and abnormally high plasma and urine levels of xanthine, causing susceptibility to xanthine nephrolithiasis and deposition of xanthine crystals in tissues, are the metabolic hallmarks of HXAN. Several pathogenic variants in the XDH gene have so far been identified in patients with HXAN type I, but the clinical phenotype associated with the whole deletion of the human XDH gene is unknown.

Urological Guidelines for Kidney Stones: Overview and Comprehensive Update.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines are published by urological organisations for various conditions, including urolithiasis. In this paper, we provide guidance on the management of kidney stone disease (KSD) and compare the American Urological Association (AUA) and European Association of Urologists (EAU) guidelines.

Methods: We evaluate and appraise the evidence and grade of recommendation provided by the AUA and EAU guidelines on urolithiasis (both surgical and medical management).

[Imaging in nephroureterolithasis].

In the acute diagnostics of a suspected nephroureterolithiasis, ultrasonography should be the examination modality of choice. In cases of suspected urolithiasis, unclear flank pain with fever or in cases of a solitary kidney, a noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan should always subsequently be performed. If the sonography findings are inconclusive in pregnant women a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination can be considered.

Challenges in the management of hypercalcemia in pregnancy - Case report of two cases.

Hypercalcemia in pregnancy is rare and can pose a great diagnostic challenge due to its asymptomatic presentation. It is associated with maternal complications such as urolithiasis, pancreatitis, renal insufficiency and preeclampsia, fetal complications such as growth restriction and intrauterine fetal demise, and neonatal complications such as neonatal hypocalcemia, tetany and hypoparathyroidism. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause of hypercalcemia is important.

Preference for diagnosing and treating renal colic during pregnancy: a survey among Chinese urologists.

To explore the preference for diagnosing and treating renal colic during pregnancy among Chinese urologists. A questionnaire was designed using the Sojump platform. WeChat, the largest social networking platform in China, was used to distribute the questionnaire to urologists at hospitals of all levels in China.

[Obstructive uropathia in pregnant women: results of treatment depending on the etiopatogenetic factor of development].

Unlabelled: Actuality. The development of renal colic in pregnant women is one of the most common reasons for visiting a hospital that is not associated with obstetric pathology. Given the pharmacological and diagnostic limitations during gestation, the problem of expanding the renal cavitary system in pregnant women, as well as the choice of treatment tactics, remains a difficult clinical task.

Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected ureteral stone management in pregnant women? A retrospective single-center study.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the patients' referral in the pregnant population and also investigate each treatment approach's advantages and disadvantages for acute renal colic in pregnancy.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all pregnant women with ureteral stones referred to a referral center between January 2019 and March 2021.

Results: Among 53 pregnant women, 18 (33.

Ovarian torsion masquerading as a ureteral stone.

Background: Abdominal pain is the most common complaint within the emergency department (ED) and has many varied etiologies. Some of these conditions can be medical emergencies, including ovarian torsion. While representing just 3% of gynecologic emergencies, ovarian torsion should be considered in all females presenting to the ED with abdominal or pelvic complaints.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Acute Onset Flank Pain-Suspicion of Stone Disease (Urolithiasis).

Noncontrast CT (NCCT) is the imaging study of choice for initial evaluation of patients with acute onset of flank pain and suspicion of stone disease without known prior stone disease. NCCT can reliably characterize the location and size of an offending ureteral calculus, identify complications, and diagnose alternative etiologies of abdominal pain. Although less sensitive in the detection of stones, ultrasound may have a role in evaluating for signs of obstruction.

The Surgical Management of Urolithiasis: A Review of the Literature.

The incidence of stone disease has increased significantly in the past 30 years, with a reported prevalence of 11% of the U.S. population in 2022, up from 9% in 2012 and 5.

Ureterorenoscopy for stone disease in pregnancy: a literature review and update.

Purpose Of Review: Management of stone disease in pregnancy poses a challenge for all healthcare professionals involved in their care. During pregnancy, there is an increase in the incidence of urolithiasis. Major technological and procedural advances have been seen in the last decade for endoscopic management of urolithiasis.

[Imaging for urolithiasis].

The substantial reduction of radiation exposure using (ultra-)low dose programs in native computed tomographic imaging has led to considerable changes in imaging diagnostics and treatment planning in urolithiasis in recent years. In addition, especially in Germany, ultrasound diagnostics is highly available in terms of equipment and with increasing expertise. This can largely replace the previous radiation-associated procedures in emergency and follow-up diagnostics, but also in intraoperative imaging, e.

Management of urolithiasis in pregnancy.

Urolithiasis is the most common cause of nonobstetric abdominal pain, resulting in 1.7 admissions per 1000 deliveries. Urolithiasis most commonly occurs in the second and third trimesters, with an incidence between 1:125 and 1:2000.