Self-propelling, protein-bound magnetic nanobots for efficient in vitro drug delivery in triple negative breast cancer cells.

The emergence of self-propelling magnetic nanobots represents a significant advancement in the field of drug delivery. These magneto-nanobots offer precise control over drug targeting and possess the capability to navigate deep into tumor tissues, thereby addressing multiple challenges associated with conventional cancer therapies. Here, Fe-GSH-Protein-Dox, a novel self-propelling magnetic nanobot conjugated with a biocompatible protein surface and loaded with doxorubicin for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), is reported.

Focused ion beam (FIB) prepared microtextured microneedle array capable of delivering drugs through punctured skin.

Microtextured microneedles are tiny needle-like structures with micron-scale microtextures, and the drugs stored in the microtextures can be released after entering the skin to achieve the effect of precise drug delivery. In this study, the skin substitution model of Ogden's hyperelastic model and the microneedle array and microtexture models with different geometrical parameters were selected to simulate and analyse the flow of the microtexture microneedle arrays penetrating the skin by the finite-element method, and the length of the microneedles was determined to be 200 μm, the width 160 μm, and the value of the gaps was determined to be 420 μm. A four-pronged cone was chosen as the shape of microneedles, and a rectangle was chosen as the shape of the drug-carrying microneedle.

Pan-cancer analysis of the potential of PEA3 subfamily genes as tumor markers.

Polyomavirus enhancer activator 3 (PEA3), an ETS transcription factor, has been documented to regulate the development and metastasis of human cancers. Nonetheless, a thorough analysis examining the relationship between the PEA3 subfamily members and tumour development, prognosis, and the tumour microenvironment (TME) across various cancer types has not yet been conducted. The expression profiles and prognostic significance of the PEA3 subfamily were evaluated using data from the GEO, TCGA, and PrognoScan databases, in conjunction with COX regression analyses and the Kaplan-Meier Plotter.

The ability of clostridium novyi-NT spores to induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in mice with HPV-positive cervical cancer tumors derived from the TC-1 cell line.

Background: A precise observation is that the cervix's solid tumors possess hypoxic regions where the oxygen concentration drops below 1.5%. Hypoxia negatively impacts the host's immune system and significantly diminishes the effectiveness of several treatments, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Biomimetic membrane-coated nanoparticles specially permeate the inflammatory blood-brain barrier to deliver plasmin therapy for brain metastases.

Many brain-targeting drug delivery strategies have been reported to permeate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via hijacking receptor-mediated transport. However, these receptor-based strategies could mediate whole-brain BBB crossing due to the wide intracranial expression of target receptors and lead to unwanted accumulation and side effects on healthy brain tissues. Inspired by brain metastatic processes and the selectivity of brain metastatic cancer cells for the inflammatory BBB, a biomimetic nanoparticle was developed by coating drug-loaded core with the inflammatory BBB-seeking erythrocyte-brain metastatic hybrid membrane, which can resist homotypic aggregation and specially bind and permeate the inflammatory BBB for specific drug delivery.

IUPHAR Themed Review: The Gut Microbiome in Schizophrenia.

Gut microbial dysbiosis or altered gut microbial consortium, in schizophrenia suggests a pathogenic role through the gut-brain axis, influencing neuroinflammatory and neurotransmitter pathways critical to psychotic, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Paradoxically, conventional psychotropic interventions may exacerbate this dysbiosis, with antipsychotics, particularly olanzapine, demonstrating profound effects on microbial architecture through disruption of bacterial phyla ratios, diminished taxonomic diversity, and attenuated short-chain fatty acid synthesis. To address these challenges, novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome, encompassing probiotic supplementation, prebiotic compounds, faecal microbiota transplantation, and rationalised co-pharmacotherapy, show promise in attenuating antipsychotic-induced metabolic disruptions while enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

Comparison of Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Machine Learning Approaches for Predicting Voriconazole Trough Concentrations in Critically Ill Patients.

Despite the widespread use of voriconazole in antifungal treatment, its high pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability may lead to suboptimal efficacy, especially in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Machine learning (ML), an artificial intelligence modeling approach, is increasingly being applied to personalized medicine. The effectiveness of ML models for predicting voriconazole blood concentrations in ICU patients, compared to traditional population pharmacokinetics (popPK) models, has been uncertain until now.

Anionic polysaccharides as delivery carriers for cancer therapy and theranostics: An overview of significance.

Recently, cancer therapy has witnessed remarkable advancements with a growing focus on precision medicine and targeted drug delivery strategies. The application of anionic polysaccharides has gained traction in various drug delivery systems. Anionic polysaccharides have emerged as promising delivery carriers in cancer therapy and theranostics, offering numerous advantages such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and the ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites with high specificity.

Research progress of mitochondria and cytoskeleton crosstalk in tumour development.

During tumour progression, organelle function undergoes dramatic changes, and crosstalk among organelles plays a significant role. Crosstalk between mitochondria and other organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton has focussed attention on the mechanisms of tumourigenesis. This review demonstrates an overview of the molecular structure of the mitochondrial-cytoskeletal junction and its biological interactions.

Exosomes as nature's nano carriers: Promising drug delivery tools and targeted therapy for glioma.

Exosomes, minute vesicles originating from diverse cell types, exhibit considerable potential as carriers for drug delivery in glioma therapy. These naturally occurring nanocarriers facilitate the transfer of proteins, RNAs, and lipids between cells, offering advantages such as biocompatibility, efficient cellular absorption, and the capability to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the realm of cancer, particularly gliomas, exosomes play pivotal roles in modulating tumor growth, regulating immunity, and combating drug resistance.

Rapid and precise treatment selection for antimicrobial-resistant infection enabled by a nano-dilution SlipChip.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become an increasingly severe threat to global health, and AMR-associated infection is one of the leading causes of death around the world. Due to the long turnaround time and the limited flexibility and availability of current antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods, a large portion of patients with bacterial infections are still treated empirically, increasing the risk of mistreatment. To address the demand for precision treatment of bacterial infections, we developed a nano-dilution SlipChip (nd-SlipChip)-based systematic evaluation method, which facilitates rapid, logic feedback for the assessment of antibiotics, antibiotic combinations, and phage therapy.

Identification of novel BCR::ABL1 kinase domain mutation in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia and imatinib resistance.

Introduction: The emergence of mutations in the BCR::ABL1 kinase domain (KD) impairs imatinib mesylate (IM) binding capacity, thus contributing to IM resistance. Identification of these mutations is important for treatment decisions and precision medicine in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. Our study aims to determine the frequency of BCR::ABL1 KD mutations in CML patients with IM resistance.

Revealing the heterogeneity of treatment resistance in less-defined subtype diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients by integrating programmed cell death patterns and liquid biopsy.

Precision medicine in less-defined subtype diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains a challenge due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease. Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways are crucial in the advancement of lymphoma and serve as significant prognostic markers for individuals afflicted with lymphoid cancers. To identify robust prognostic biomarkers that can guide personalized management for less-defined subtype DLBCL patients, we integrated multi-omics data derived from 339 standard R-CHOP-treated patients diagnosed with less-defined subtype DLBCL from three independent cohorts.

Pulmonary infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Tropheryma whipplei pneumonia is an infrequent medical condition. The clinical symptoms associated with this disease are nonspecific, often resulting in misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Therefore, sharing and summarizing the experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease can deepen global understanding and awareness of it.

Two-year follow-up after drug desensitization in mucopolysaccharidosis.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type 1 S and type 2 are rare lysosomal storage disorders characterized by impaired enzyme production, resulting in glycosaminoglycans accumulation within lysosomes. Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) with laronidase and idursulfase are first line treatments, respectively. However, infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions (HR) may lead to ERT discontinuation.

Biomimetic intelligent nanoplatform with cascade amplification effect for tumor synergy therapy.

Tumor heterogeneity, immune-suppressive microenvironment and the precise killing of tumor cells by drugs are important factors affecting tumor treatment. In this study, we developed environment-responsive drug delivery system (FM@IQ/PST&ZIF-8/DOX) based on ZIF-8 for tumor photothermal/immunotherapy/chemotherapy synergistic therapy. The prepared FM@IQ/PST&ZIF-8/DOX nanoplatfrom not only has highly drug loading capacity for chemotherapeutic drug-doxorubicin, but also erythrocyte membrance modified on their surface can endow their immunity-escaping property and prolong their blood circulation time.

Enhancing the Integration of Pre-Emptive Pharmacogenetic (PGx) Testing in Primary Care: Prioritizing Underserved Patients' Preferences in Implementation.

: The integration of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing into primary care has not been widely implemented, despite its benefits for patients and providers. PGx testing could also reduce health disparities as patients with lower healthcare access are prescribed higher proportions of medications with PGx guidelines. Little is known about the preferences of patients who have experienced PGx testing to inform implementation across the care process.

Application of Fluorescence- and Bioluminescence-Based Biosensors in Cancer Drug Discovery.

Recent advances in drug discovery have established biosensors as indispensable tools, particularly valued for their precision, sensitivity, and real-time monitoring capabilities. The review begins with a brief overview of cancer drug discovery, underscoring the pivotal role of biosensors in advancing cancer research. Various types of biosensors employed in cancer drug discovery are then explored, with particular emphasis on fluorescence- and bioluminescence-based technologies such as FRET, TR-FRET, BRET, NanoBRET, and NanoBiT.

Canadian Consensus Recommendations for Predictive Biomarker Testing in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer is common globally and has a generally poor prognosis with a low 5-year survival rate. Targeted therapies and immunotherapies have improved the treatment landscape, providing more options for efficacious treatment. The use of these therapies requires predictive biomarker testing to identify patients who can benefit from their use.

Traditional Chinese medicine-based drug delivery systems for anti-tumor therapies.

The treatment of tumors continues to be significantly challenging. The presence of multiple modalities, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the therapeutic outcomes remain limited and are often associated with adverse effects and inconsistent efficacy across cancer types. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of active components from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for their anti-cancer properties, which are attributable to multi-targeted mechanisms and broad pharmacological actions.

Glycyrrhizic acid-based multifunctional nanoplatform for tumor microenvironment regulation.

Natural compounds demonstrate unique therapeutic advantages for cancer treatment, primarily through direct tumor suppression or interference with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glycyrrhizic acid (GL), a bioactive ingredient derived from the medicinal herb Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., and its sapogenin glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), have been recognized for their ability to inhibit angiogenesis and remodel the TME.

Research Progress on Obesity-Associated Kidney Diseases.

The pathogenesis of obesity-associated kidney disease (OAKD) involves many aspects,including the overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,insulin resistance,chronic inflammation,disorder of lipid metabolism and imbalance of gut microecology.Treatment strategies for OAKD focus on lifestyle adjustments,pharmacotherapy,bariatric surgery,and fecal microbiota transplantation.A deeper understanding of the hazards of OAKD and its pathogenesis will contribute to the development of personalized and precise strategies for prevention,diagnosis and treatment of OAKD in the future.

Disulfiram impairs USP21-mediated MOF-K257 deubiquitination to inhibit esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression.

Disulfiram (DSF), primarily applied in the therapy for alcohol addiction, has been demonstrated to possess the promising capability of anti-tumor in many human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). To date, almost all studies about DSF in ESCC are focusing on investigating either drug combinations or nanoparticle-based delivery systems. However, the exact molecular mechanisms mediating the response to DSF in ESCC are totally unknown.

Exosomes, their sources, and possible uses in cancer therapy in the era of personalized medicine.

Despite significant advances in immunotherapy, its efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. Exosomes, a primary type of extracellular vesicles, can transport diverse intracellular molecules to nearby or distant cells and organs, facilitating numerous biological functions. Research has shown that exosomes have the dual ability to both activate and suppress the immune system.

Exosome-driven nano-immunotherapy: revolutionizing colorectal cancer treatment.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide and remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic approaches beyond conventional treatment modalities. Conventional therapies, such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, are hindered by challenges like imprecise targeting, substantial toxicity, and the development of resistance. Exosome-driven nano-immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach that leverages the natural properties of exosomes-cell-derived vesicles known for their role in intercellular communication-to deliver therapeutic agents with high precision and specificity.