[Perception of everyday life by schizophrenic patients and nurses: content analysis of patients' speech on different domains of quality of life].

Introduction: The validation of a questionnaire of subjective quality of life was used as pretext to question the way in which various fields of the everyday life were understood by schizophrenic subjects and nursing team members. Content analysis allowed the development of logico-semantic categories shared by the two populations and likely to give body to the subjacent social representations.

Method: Patients were asked to comment on the different items of the SQUALA.

[Endonasal endoscopic approach in the treatment of sino-nasal inverted papillomas].

Introduction: Sino-nasal inverted papilloma is a rare benign tumor of the nasal fossa and the paranasal sinuses for which the successful surgical treatment by an endonasal approach has been corroborated in the literature. Nevertheless, the authors aim in this study to evaluate the advantages and the limits of this approach, to analyse its failures and its recurrences, and to define the indications for using it with the external or dissimulated approach.

Material And Methods: 42 patients presenting with a sino-nasal inverted papilloma and treated surgically over a ten year period were included in this retrospective study.

[What are the means of alimentary function supply and their indications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?].

Artificial nutrition is necessary when oral feeding becomes insufficient to cover protein and energetic needs and becomes dangerous (risk of malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration). In ALS patients, enteral nutrition is the method of choice and gastrostomy is preferable to nasogastric tube which must be limited for a short term enteral nutrition or if gastrostomy is at risk (because of pulmonary function) or refused by the patient. The percutaneous gastrostomy can be placed endoscopically (PEG) or radiologically (RIG), surgical gastrostomy has to be avoided because of general anaesthesia.

[A food cognition questionnaire].

Background: Many authors evoke the role of cognition in the persistence of symptoms or in relapse. In pathology the cognitions produced by the patients are called dysfunctional or erroneous. The content of the cognitions are words or images issued from the treatment of information.

Intrahospital transport of critically ill ventilated patients: a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia--a matched cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of intrahospital transport of critically ill ventilated patients on the acquisition of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Design: An exposed/unexposed matched cohort study.

Setting: An 18-bed adult medical-surgical intensive care unit in a 1,100-bed regional and teaching hospital in France.

[Descriptive study of psychotropic use in the 20-35 age adults with autism in Languedoc-Roussillon].

The Pervasive Developmental Disorders complications can lead to an important life long handicap. There is an important literature about autism, but in most cases, specifically concerning children and adolescents problems. We wished to focus our attention on adults, in order to describe, on one hand their socio-adaptive profile, and on the other hand, the necessity to resort to a psycho-active treatment.

[Guidelines for substitution treatments in prison populations].

Care access for the drug addict patients in prison (in particular for the treatments of substitution) in France is very unequal from one establishment to another. This reflects the great variability of the practices of substitution and especially the absence of consensus on the methods of adaptation of these practices to the prison environment. Because of difficulties expressed by prisoners and medical staff on this subject and of stakes (let us recall that approximately 30% of the prisoners are dependent or abusers of one or more psychoactive substances), the formulation of recommendations or of a good practices guide of substitution in prison appeared necessary.

[From the biology of trauma to secondary preventive pharmalogical measures for post-traumatic stress disorders].

Of all the psychological complications that an individual is likely to present with when confronted with an exceptional event, the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is characterized by being progressive, frequent, invalidating, strongly associated with comorbidity, and having the tendency to become chronic if it is not detected clinically. By definition, it is threatening and produces an intense fear reaction. The traumatic event is a situation of extreme stress, not only capable of altering the physical and psychological homeostasis of the individual, but is also recognized as determinant in the aetiopathology of complications.

MEFV mutation carriers and diseases other than familial Mediterranean fever: proved and non-proved associations; putative biological advantage.

Vasculitis is definitely associated with familial Mediterranean fever. This familial Mediterranean fever-associated vasculitis takes one of three forms: polyarteritis nodosa, with or without microscopic polyangiitis, and Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Behcet disease and inflammatory bowel diseases may also be associated with familial Mediterranean fever, though this is yet to be formally proven.

[Evolution of depressive disorders].

A MAJOR RISK RECURRENCE: The sparcity of data in the absence of treatment renders assessment of the natural course of depressive disorders difficult. Naturalist studies have identified various elements that characterise the evolution. After an episode of depression, usually lasting 6 to 8 months, the disorder is marked by a high risk of recurrence.

[Dysphagia, a geriatric point of view].

Dysphagia is most common in geriatric medicine. Aspirations may cause chronic inflammatory syndrome or acute pneumonia or heart failure. At-risk patients should be recognised: some risks are caused by an acute condition, some by chronic disease or handicap.

[Benzodiazepines and forensic aspects].

Adverse effects of benzodiazepines are well known since the first one was used in 1958 (chlordiazepoxide). The literature collects study-cases or rarely controlled studies concerning side effects or paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines. They mostly described drowsiness and behavioral disinhibition, including increased well-being feeling but also hostility, rage access with feeling of invulnerability, serious crimes and sometimes homicides.

[The practice of restraint in a psychiatric emergency unit].

The practice of physical restraint is relatively frequent in medical emergency and geriatric units. Its use in psychiatry is controversial. Although distinct, it is often associated with seclusion, as a response to or prevention of agitated mentally ill patients'behavior.

[Benefits of a preventive psychiatric accompaniment in patients Hepatitis C Virus seropositive (HCV): prospective study concerning 39 patients].

Unlabelled: Hepatitis C represents a major public health challenge due to its chronic evolution and major complications (eg liver tumor and cirrhosis). New treatment strategies (interferon pégylé +/- ribavirine) have recently improved the prognosis except in case of poor compliance. Psychiatric comorbidity, especially affective disorders, is commonly associated with hepatitis C and constitutes the main cause of poor compliance, therapeutic discontinuations and treatment contra-indication.

[Pica: a descriptive study of patients in a speciality medical center].

According to the DSM IV, pica is a trouble of alimentary behavior, which is characterized by the ingestion of non-nutriment substances during at least on the month. The main objective of this study conducted at the Clermont-de-l'Oise Interdepartmental Medical Center is to evaluate pica's prevalence for hospitalized patients. Secondary objectives are to describe clinical characteristics, complications and outcome upon the different therapeutic approaches.

[Gonadal tumours in children].

Gonadal tumours are rare in children. Benign tumours are more frequent in girls than in boys (3 cases among 4 cases in girls and 1 case among 2 or 3 cases in boys), due to the prevalence of functional ovarian pathology (functional cysts, ovarian torsion). Whatever the clinical presentation of these tumours (mainly abdominal pain or mass in girls, scrotal mass in boys) and even before an emergency procedure, radiological investigations (abdominal x-rays, ultrasound scans) and biological ones (alpha-foeto-protein and human chorionic gonadotropin dosages) should be performed in order to precise the diagnosis.

[Value of eosinopenia in inflammatory disorders: an "old" marker revisited].

Purpose: The value of eosinopenia as a test in favour of an infectious disease was suggested by Schilling since 1929. We tried to verify this hypothesis with a prospective and multicentric study.

Patients And Methods: One thousand and thirty-eight patients were included (82 females and 56 males, means age: 71.

[True or pseudo epilepsy in the adult].

THE EXTENT OF THE PROBLEM: A patient can be misleadingly considered as epileptic although he is not. Conversely an epileptic man not be recognised as such. Moreover, in some patients epilepsy seizures may co-exist with pseudo-seizures.

[Review of psychopharmacological treatments in adolescents and adults with autistic disorders].

Autism is an early developmental disorder. It leads to severe and durable disturbances. Given this problem, no treatment can be excluded a priori.

[Human onchocerciasis and "sowda" in the Republic of Yemen].

The geophysics of the north Yemen, associating a north-south directed mountainous fish bone (rising in more of 2,000 meters), to numerous rivers or "wadis" is convenient to the development of simulium shelters, main vectors for cutaneous filariasis to Onchocerca sp. Following several missions of bio-clinical and epidemiological evaluations in neighbouring villages of wadis, it has been possible to study different clinical aspects: one reminding the classical african onchocerciasis with generalized and diffused dermatitis, and, on an other hand, a hyperreactive dermatitis on one side of the body and associated with a collateral lymphatic ganglion. This disease is well known for local populations as "aswad" meaning "black" or "sowda".