Biomarkers and Novel Therapies of Diabetic Neuropathy: An Updated Review.

Diabetic neuropathy is a persistent consequence of the biochemical condition known as diabetes mellitus. As of now, the identification and management of diabetic neuropathy continue to be problematic due to problems related to the safety and efficacy of existing therapies. This study examines biomarkers, molecular and cellular events associated with the advancement of diabetic neuropathy, as well as the existing pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments employed.

Personalized treatment approach for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is a leading global concern for women, with 30% being HER2-positive cases linked to poorer outcomes. Targeted therapies like trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and T-DM1 have revolutionized HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treatment. Although these therapies have improved MBC management and patient outcomes, resistance can develop, reducing effectiveness.

Aspects of β-sitosterol's Pharmacology, Nutrition and Analysis.

Phytosterols are bioactive substances found naturally in the cell membranes of plants and have an arrangement of molecules similar to that of fat, which is produced by mammalian cells. They are widely distributed as dietary sources of lipids in plants, such as nuts, seeds, olive oil, and legumes. This review provides a summary of the efficacy of BS in treating lifestyle problems, as well as an appraisal of previous research.

Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential and Conservation Strategies for Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants in Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Comprehensive Review.

Introduction: Incorporating rare and threatened healing plants from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) into modern medicine is a hopeful way to expand treatment choices and encourage the long-term use of plant resources. These plants have been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for a long time. They have powerful healing properties, including the ability to reduce inflammation and fight cancer.

Design, classification, and adverse effects of NSAIDs: A review on recent advancements.

Inflammation is a hallmark of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, type II diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been a cornerstone in the management of various inflammatory, pain, and fever-related conditions. As a result, NSAIDs have found their applications in new therapeutic areas.

Inulin: a multifaceted ingredient in pharmaceutical sciences.

Inulin, a naturally occurring polysaccharide derived from plants such as chicory root, has emerged as a significant ingredient in pharmaceutical sciences due to its diverse therapeutic and functional properties. This review explores the multifaceted applications of inulin, focusing on its chemical structure, sources, and mechanisms of action. Inulin's role as a prebiotic is highlighted, with particular emphasis on its ability to modulate gut microbiota, enhance gut health, and improve metabolic processes.

An Insight into Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis.

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), a neural and immune related state that occur when cerebrospinal system's damaged by extensive swelling. Although manifestation is possible no matter the age, adolescents have a greater probability that adults. The purpose of present manuscript is to provide recent advancement and enhance knowledge of the disease.

An Updated Review on Diabetic Nephropathy: Potential Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Therapeutic Targets and Interventional Therapies.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the primary risk factor for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) that requires dialysis or renal transplantation, affects up to 50% of individuals with diabetes.

Objective: In this article, potential mechanisms, biomarkers, and possible therapeutic targets will be discussed, as well as their interventional therapies.

Methods: A literature review was done from databases like Google Scholar, PUBMEDMEDLINE, and Scopus using standard keywords "Diabetic Nephropathy," "Biomarkers," "Pathophysiology," "Cellular Mechanism," "Cell Therapy," "Treatment Therapies" from 2010- 2023.

Progressive Pattern Interleaver with Multi-Carrier Modulation Schemes and Iterative Multi-User Detection in IoT 6G Environments with Multipath Channels.

Sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks demand a more efficient implementation of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes for severe multipath fading environments to serve multiple users. Using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes in IoT 6G networks is a promising solution to allow multiple users to share the same spectral and temporal resource, increasing spectral efficiency and improving the network's capacity. In this work, we have evaluated the performance of a novel progressive pattern interleaver (PPI) employed to distinguish the users in interleaved division multiple access (IDMA) schemes, suggested by 3GPP guidelines as a NOMA scheme, with two multi-carrier modulation schemes known as single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), resulting in SC-FDMA-IDMA and OFDM-IDMA schemes.

Design, optimization, and evaluation of methotrexate loaded and albumin coated polymeric nanoparticles.

Methotrexate is a potent anticancer drug whose strong efflux is facilitated by the brain's efflux transporter. As an efflux transporter blocker, albumin increased the drug's concentration in the brain. Methotrexate-loaded nanoparticles were produced by evaporating the emulsification fluid.

Acetylresveratrol (AC-Res): An Evolving Frontier in Modulating Gene Expression.

Background: Acetylresveratrol (AC-Res), to date, is a powerful stilbene phytoalexin generated organically or as a component of a plant's defensive system, is a significant plant phenolic chemical portion and is investigated as a therapy option for a number of disorders. Owing to its inadequate stabilisation and considerable conformation rigidity, the utility of AC-Res as a medication is limited.

Objective: The current review article outlined the structure of AC-Res, their methods of activity, and the latest technological progress in the administration of these molecules.

Research on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Involving the Use of In vivo and In vitro Models and Mechanisms.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive formation of extracellular amyloid plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, inflammation, and impaired antioxidant systems. Early detection and intervention are vital for managing AD effectively.

Objective: This review scrutinizes both in-vivo and in-vitro screening models employed in Alzheimer's disease research.

Comorbidity of Depression and Diabetes: A Literature Review on Systemic Flaws in Healthcare and the Benefits of Collaborative Diagnosis and Treatment in Primary Care Settings.

Background: The increasing specialization and dispersion of healthcare systems have led to a shortage of resources to address comorbidities. Patients with coexisting mental and physical conditions are disadvantaged, as medical providers often only focus on the patient's mental illness while neglecting their physical needs, resulting in poorer health outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to shed light on the systemic flaws in healthcare systems that contribute to suboptimal health outcomes in individuals with comorbid diseases, including depression and diabetes.

A Comprehensive Review on the Significance of Cysteine in Various Metabolic Disorders; Particularly CVD, Diabetes, Renal Dysfunction, and Ischemic Stroke.

Metabolic disorders have long been a challenge for medical professionals and are a leading cause of mortality in adults. Diabetes, cardiovascular disorders (CVD), renal dysfunction, and ischemic stroke are the most prevalent ailments contributing to a high mortality rate worldwide. Reactive oxygen species are one of the leading factors that act as a fundamental root cause of metabolic syndrome.

A hybrid CNN with transfer learning for skin cancer disease detection.

The leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide is skin cancer. Effective therapy depends on the early diagnosis of skin cancer through the precise classification of skin lesions. However, dermatologists may find it difficult and time-consuming to accurately classify skin lesions.

A comprehensive review on the pharmacological role of gut microbiome in neurodegenerative disorders: potential therapeutic targets.

Neurological disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson's, pose significant challenges to public health due to their complex etiologies and limited treatment options. Recent advances in research have highlighted the intricate bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS), revealing a potential therapeutic avenue for neurological disorders. Thus, this review aims to summarize the current understanding of the pharmacological role of gut microbiome in neurological disorders.

Herbal Interactions with Cardiac Medications: A Comprehensive Review of Potential Interactions between Herbal Drugs and Commonly Prescribed Cardiac Medications.

The concomitant use of herbal remedies in conjunction with conventional cardiac medications has increased significantly in recent years, primarily due to improvements in the quality standards of herbal medicines and the pervasive belief that natural products pose no harm to the human body. Contrary to this belief, multiple phytoconstituents found in herbal products have the potential to interact with conventional cardiac drugs, potentially resulting in severe adverse effects.

A Systematic Review of Herbal Interventions for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant global health burden, necessitating diverse approaches for effective management. Herbal interventions have gained attention as potential adjuncts or alternatives to conventional therapies due to their perceived safety and therapeutic potential. This structured abstract provides a comprehensive review of herbal interventions for the management of CVDs, summarising key findings, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications.

Revolutionizing pediatric neuroblastoma treatment: unraveling new molecular targets for precision interventions.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent solid tumor in pediatric cases, contributing to around 15% of childhood cancer-related deaths. The wide-ranging genetic, morphological, and clinical diversity within NB complicates the success of current treatment methods. Acquiring an in-depth understanding of genetic alterations implicated in the development of NB is essential for creating safer and more efficient therapies for this severe condition.