Reversal of inflammatory reprogramming by vasodilator agents in pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a deadly disease without effective non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic testing. It remains unclear whether vasodilators reverse inflammatory activation, a part of PAH pathogenesis. Single-cell profiling of inflammatory cells in blood could clarify these PAH mechanisms.

COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Women in the US.

Importance: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black women is a critical public health concern, potentially exacerbating existing health disparities and impacting community-wide vaccination efforts.

Objective: To explore the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Black women in the US and identify the specific concerns and experiences shaping hesitant attitudes toward vaccination.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Qualitative study using in-depth, semistructured interviews conducted virtually between June and November 2021.

New Benzofuran-Pyrazole-Based Compounds as Promising Antimicrobial Agents: Design, Synthesis, DNA Gyrase B Inhibition, and In Silico Studies.

Background/objectives: The alarming rise in antibiotic resistance necessitates the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. This study aims to design, synthesize, and evaluate new benzofuran-pyrazole-based compounds for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods: New benzofuran-pyrazole hybrid molecules were synthesized using the Vilsmeier-Haach reaction and other chemical processes.

STMGraph: spatial-context-aware of transcriptomes via a dual-remasked dynamic graph attention model.

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies enable dissecting the tissue architecture in spatial context. To perceive the global contextual information of gene expression patterns in tissue, the spatial dependence of cells must be fully considered by integrating both local and non-local features by means of spatial-context-aware. However, the current ST integration algorithm ignores for ST dropouts, which impedes the spatial-aware of ST features, resulting in challenges in the accuracy and robustness of microenvironmental heterogeneity detecting, spatial domain clustering, and batch-effects correction.

Impact of dietary supplementation of L-citrulline to meat goats during gestation on reproductive performance.

Background: Meat goat production is a worldwide industry with products such as meat, milk, soap, and fiber being produced. There are approximately 2.6 million meat goats in the United States.

Influences of the short-term dietary carbohydrate restriction on the chicken cecal tonsil.

This study aims to clarify influences of the short-term carbohydrate (CHO) restriction on plasma cells in chicken cecal tonsil (CT) using immunohistochemical and morphometrical techniques. Healthy male layer chickens were randomly divided into the control and three experimental groups. The three experimental groups were fed with diets containing 50%, 25%, and 0% CHO of that in the control diet, respectively.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (nitrato-κ ,')(1,4,7,10-tetra-aza-cyclo-dodecane-κ )nickel(II) nitrate.

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Ni(CHN)(NO)]NO, at room temperature, has monoclinic (2/) symmetry. The structure displays inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. The nickel displays a distorted bipyramidal geometry with the symmetric bidentate bonded nitrate occupying an equatorial site.

Nutrition Knowledge Among Students in an Historically Black College and University (HBCU) Is Inadequate and Associated With Residence.

Objective: This study examined the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of students at an Historically Black College and University.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 297 participants was conducted online using Qualtrics. An adapted questionnaire was used to obtain general nutrition knowledge.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD): Insights from human clinical studies and the mouse AD models.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a debilitating neurocognitive disorder with an unclear underlying mechanism. Recent studies have implicated gut microbiota dysbiosis with the onset and progression of AD. The connection between gut microbiota and AD can significantly affect the prevention and treatment of AD patients.

Seminal proteoforms from bulls with contrasting semen freezability: a story deciphered by top-down mass spectrometry.

Top-down proteomics was employed to construct proteoform atlas of sperm and seminal plasma (SP) from bulls with low (LF) and high (HF) semen freezability. Sperm and seminal proteins were fractionated by tandem size exclusion chromatography (< 30 kDa) and analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. This approach enabled the identification of 299 SP (from 46 families) and 267 sperm proteoforms (from 139 families).

Microbiome diversity and variations in industrial hemp genotypes.

Microbes like bacteria and fungi are crucial for host plant growth and development. However, environmental factors and host genotypes can influence microbiome composition and diversity in plants such as industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Biocomposite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: Materials, Fabrication Techniques and Future Directions.

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines materials, methods, and biological molecules to engineer newly formed tissues to replace or restore functional organs. Biomaterials-based scaffolds play a crucial role in developing new tissue by interacting with human cells. Tissue engineering scaffolds with ideal characteristics, namely, nontoxicity, biodegradability, and appropriate mechanical and surface properties, are vital for tissue regeneration applications.

Effective Piecewise Mass Distributions for Optimal Energy Eigenvalues of a Particle in Low-Dimensional Heterojunctions.

Systems composed of several multi-layer compounds have been extremely useful in tailoring different quantum physical properties of nanomaterials. This is very much true when it comes to semiconductor materials and, in particular, to heterostructures and heterojunctions. The formalism of a position-dependent effective mass has proved to be a very efficient tool in those cases where quantum wells emerge either in one or two dimensions.

Harnessing the value of fertility biomarkers in bull sperm for buck sperm.

Efficient and sustainable reproduction and production of cattle and goats are vitally important for ensuring global food security. There is a need for potent biomarkers to accurately evaluate semen quality and predict male fertility. Although there is a reasonable set of biomarkers identified in bull sperm, there is a significant lack of such information in buck sperm along with a lack of transfer of proven technologies in goat reproductive biotechnology.

Mixed-methods to explore barriers to the use of food security initiatives in a historically black college and university (HBCU).

Background: To assess students' use and perception of the initiatives to tackle food insecurity (FI) in a Texas historically black college and university (HBCU).

Methods: HBCU students > 18 years (288 students). A mixed-methods approach involving an online survey, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted among the students and major stakeholders to evaluate the prevalence of FI, and gain insights into the challenges to accessing, utilizing and effectively implementing food security (FS) initiatives.

Harnessing Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Aerogel for Efficient Organic Contaminant and Heavy Metal Removal in Aqueous Environments.

Ensuring clean water sources is pivotal for sustainable development and the well-being of communities worldwide. This study represents a pioneering effort in water purification, exploring an innovative approach utilizing modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogels. These advanced materials promise to revolutionize environmental remediation efforts, specifically removing organic contaminants from aqueous solutions.

Gender differences in reported potentially morally injurious events among post-9/11 U.S. combat veterans, using two measures.

Objective: Military experiences that violate one's sense of right and wrong (i.e., potentially morally injurious events [PMIEs]) may result in moral injury, characterized by shame, guilt, demoralization, self-condemnation, and social withdrawal.

Mental disorders after myocardial infarction: potential mediator role for chemokines in heart-brain interaction?

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the global communities. A prevailing topic that has attracted increasing attentions over the past few decades is the so-called heart-brain interaction, in particular following a major traumatic event such as MI. Increased prevalence of depression and other mental disorders has been recognized in cardiac patients after MI, coronary catheterization, or cardiothoracic surgeries.

Effect of engagement in personal growth initiative skills on depression, anxiety, and stress: Multilevel mediation analysis with intensive longitudinal data.

Objectives: The current study examined the association between the possession of personal growth initiative (PGI) skills and symptoms of mental illness (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) and the potential mediating role of daily engagement of PGI skills during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Model and Energy Bounds for a Two-Dimensional System of Electrons Localized in Concentric Rings.

We study a two-dimensional system of interacting electrons confined in equidistant planar circular rings. The electrons are considered spinless and each of them is localized in one ring. While confined to such ring orbits, each electron interacts with the remaining ones by means of a standard Coulomb interaction potential.

Precipitation, solar radiation, and their interaction modify leaf hydraulic efficiency-safety trade-off across angiosperms at the global scale.

In theory, there is a trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and safety. However, the strength and direction of this trade-off at the leaf level are not consistent across studies, and habitat climate may impact this trade-off. We compiled a leaf hydraulic efficiency and safety dataset for 362 species from 81 sites world-wide, with 280 paired observations of both traits, and tested whether climate was associated with departure from the proposed trade-off.

A geographic perspective of the association between physical activity and cardiovascular health: A need for community-level intervention.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of death globally, and minority communities are at higher risk of chronic health outcomes. A combination of lifestyle, including physical activity (PA), good nutrition, and reduced stress, can improve life expectancy. This study aimed to analyze the association between CVDs and PA among the adult population (N = 3,956) based on the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) survey in Afghanistan.

Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Thiopyrimidine-Benzenesulfonamide Compounds.

Bacterial infection poses a serious threat to human life due to the rapidly growing resistance of bacteria to antibacterial drugs, which is a significant public health issue. This study was focused on the design and synthesis of a new series of 25 analogues bearing a 5-cyano-6-oxo-4-substituted phenyl-1,6-dihydropyrimidine scaffold hybridized with different substituted benzenesulfonamides through the thioacetamide linker . The antimicrobial activity of the new molecules was studied against various Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal strains.