Low Bone Turnover, Mineralization Impairment, and Cortical Alterations in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Histomorphometric Study.

Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) experience a higher prevalence of fragility fractures, though the pathophysiology of osteoporosis associated with this disease remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histomorphometric data in r-axSpA patients. Male r-axSpA patients up to 55 years old were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Association Between Vedolizumab Treatment and Arthritis/Arthralgia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Vedolizumab is a humanized gut selective drug that targets α4β7 integrin and has been used successfully in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Pivotal studies have already demonstrated the drug's safety, but some real-life cohorts have shown an increase in arthralgia and arthritis in patients using vedolizumab. These findings raised the question of whether these joint symptoms are extraintestinal manifestations of IBD (since the drug acts only in the gut) or if they are associated with the use of vedolizumab.

Immediate vs delayed postpartum insertion of long-acting reversible contraception methods: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing the immediate vs delayed provision of long-acting reversible contraceptives in postpartum subjects, focusing on short-interval pregnancies, utilization rates, and adverse events.

Data Sources: Cochrane Central, Embase, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched from inception up to December 19, 2023, without filters or language limitation.

Accuracy and time efficiency of conventional and digital outlining of extensions of denture foundation on preliminary casts.

Purpose: The purpose of this diagnostic study was to assess the accuracy and time efficiency of a digital method to draw the denture foundation extension outline on preliminary casts compared with the conventional technique.

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 preliminary edentulous casts with no anatomical landmarks were digitized using a laboratory scanner. The outlining of the entire basal seat of the denture was performed on preliminary casts and digitized.

Impact of splinting implant-supported crowns on the performance of adjacent posterior implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: While rehabilitation with implant-supported crowns in the posterior region is widely practiced, guidance on clinical considerations when choosing between splinted or nonsplinted implant-supported crowns is limited.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to assess whether adjacent implants with internal connections in the posterior region should be treated with splinted or nonsplinted crowns.

Material And Methods: The systematic review was registered on the prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) under the code, CRD42021248525.

Analysis of modified ilib therapy in patients submitted to plastic surgery.

The sample comprised 44 volunteers who had undergone some surgical procedure and were equally divided into four groups. G1 started the therapy 24 h after the surgical procedure with the device off. G2 followed the same time pattern, 24 h, but with the device turned on.

Hepatopancreatic metabolic disorders and their implications in the development of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Dementia has been faced with significant public health challenges and economic burdens that urges the need to develop safe and effective interventions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the relationship between dementia and liver and pancreatic metabolic disorders that result in diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Previous reports have shown that there is a plausible correlation between pathologies caused by hepatopancreatic dysfunctions and dementia.

Prosthetic complications and failures of implant-supported fixed partial dentures: A scoping review.

Statement Of Problem: Although high survival rates of implant-supported fixed partial dentures (ISFPDs) have been reported, evidence for complications, failures, and factors that interfere with their longevity is lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to review the literature to investigate the most common failures and complications of ISFPDs.

Material And Methods: This review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses scoping review (PRISMA ScR) guidelines, and the methodology was registered on the open science framework (osf.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic parameters among patients with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and GRADE evidence synthesis of randomized controlled trials.

Various pathophysiologic mechanisms were proposed to underlie the effect of vitamin D on MetS components. In this systematic review, we reviewed randomized control clinical trials to verify whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) at different doses is effective concomitantly in controlling high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose level, blood pressure, and central obesity in adults diagnosed with MetS. The following scientific databases were searched from 1998 until April 2023: EMBASE, MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, clinicaltrial.

Abusive use of Zolpidem as a Result of COVID-19 and Perspectives of Continuity of the Problem in the Post-Pandemic Period.

Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug that works as a positive modulator of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid-A (GABA-A) receptors, with high selectivity for α1 subunits. Given this selective binding, the drug has a strong hypnotic activity. Social isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has contributed to increased rates of anxiety, depression, and insomnia.

Vitamin E and Its Molecular Effects in Experimental Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

With the advancement of in vivo studies and clinical trials, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been better understood. However, gaps still need to be better elucidated, which justifies the publication of reviews that explore the mechanisms related to the development of these diseases. Studies show that vitamin E supplementation can protect neurons from the damage caused by oxidative stress, with a positive impact on the prevention and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

Effectiveness of Light-Emitting Diode Epilation on Different Skin Types: A Pilot Study.

This study analyzed the histological and immunohistochemical changes in hair follicles submitted to epilation with light-emitting diode (LED). The use of specific wavelengths of LED leads to the absorption of photons by chromophore tissues, enabling different photophysical and photochemical events, bringing therapeutic benefits such as removing body hair. The sample included five participants, with phototypes II-V, divided into two groups.

Neuroprotective Potential of Seed Extracts: Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal dysfunction and death. Studies suggest that some seed extracts have a neuroprotective effect. Considering the increased incidence of these diseases and the need for new effective therapies with fewer side effects, this review aimed to assess the evidence of the efficacy and safety of seed extracts in experimental models of neurodegeneration.

Efficacy and Safety of Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.

Laser therapy has been proposed to improve the symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), especially in women who do not accept hormonal therapy or are at a high risk of complications if they undergo hormonal therapy. However, studies evaluating the effectiveness and safety of laser treatment for GSM have shown controversial results. Thus, we aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of laser therapy in post-menopausal women with GSM.

Hormonal Approach for Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Atrophy.

Menopause is a physiological and progressive phenomenon secondary to decreased ovarian follicular reserve that significantly affects the genital tract. Although postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy primarily affects postmenopausal women, it is also seen in premenopausal women. The hypoestrogenic condition results in hormonal and anatomical changes, with the main symptoms, are dryness, burning and genital irritation, decreased lubrication, urinary urgency, dysuria, and recurrent urinary tract infections.

Vitamin E Levels in Preterm and Full-Term Infants: A Systematic Review.

Vitamin E deficiency (VED) is associated with clinical repercussions in preterm newborns (PTN), but low levels are also found in full-term newborns (TN). As this inadequacy can compromise neurogenesis in childhood, studies are needed to assess whether there is a difference in vitamin E status among newborns according to gestational age to provide support for neonatal monitoring protocols. This systematic review presents a synthesis of the available information on the vitamin E status among PTN and TN.

Effects of cryolipolysis with adiposity plates located with the Crioplace concept in women.

Background: Cryolipolysis with plates is a method of applying cooling without a vacuum system, which can be used in regions with less chance of forming a "crease."

Objective: To investigate the effects of cryolipolysis using a plate-shaped applicator (Crioplac) in the treatment of fat.

Materials And Methods: This is an experimental study in which women aged 25 to 45 years with adiposity located in the abdomen participated.

Effects of Ultracavitation and Radiofrequency on Abdominal Adiposity.

Background: The mechanism of fat reduction from radiofrequency occurs via the thermal stimulation of adipocyte metabolism, causing a lipase-mediated triglyceride enzyme degradation, apoptosis, and adipocyte rupture. Ultracavitation promotes fat reduction using adipose cell destruction through mechanical stimulus. The literature on the combination of these two physical agents, named ultrafrequency, is still scarce and requires consistent analysis of the effects of this therapy combination.

Effects of Supplementation with Probiotics in Experimental Models of Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Animal Experiments.

Background: Conditions along the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis can significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence from animal studies indicates a role of probiotics in regulating mood, cognition, and stress response via the BGM axis. However, the effect of probiotics on AD needs to be better clarified in preclinical and clinical studies.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review.

Background: Identifying the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Systematic review of original studies published in any language. Protocol published in PROSPERO under number CRD42021240543.

Pathophysiology and possible treatments for olfactory-gustatory disorders in patients affected by COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells mainly through the interaction between the virus's Spike protein and the viral receptors namely Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). Both are highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, in the nasal and bronchial epithelium, as well as in the type II alveolar epithelial cells. The aim of this review is to report the evidences from the scientific literature on the pathophysiology and the available treatments for olfactory-gustatory disorders in patients with COVID-19.

Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Property Investigation of Gallic Acid-Grafted Fungal Chitosan Conjugate.

Oxidative stress is the cause of numerous diseases in humans; therefore, there has been a continuous search for novel antioxidant molecules. Fungal chitosan is an attractive molecule that has several applications (antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer and antiparasitic action) owing to its unique characteristics; however, it exhibits low antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to obtain fungal chitosan (Chit-F) from the fungus and synthesize its derivative, fungal chitosan-gallic acid (Chit-FGal), as a novel antioxidant chitosan derivative for biomedical use.