A visual scale to rate amygdalar atrophy on MRI.

Background: Visual rating scales are routinely used in clinical radiology to assess brain atrophy on scans of patients with suspected neurodegenerative conditions. Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE) has recently been described, featuring early and severe atrophy of the amygdala. However, there is currently no scoring system specifically designed to assess amygdalar atrophy on MRI.

A novel minimally invasive neurosurgical cranial fixation device for improved accuracy of intraventricular catheter placement: an experimental animal study.

Background: External ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is one of the most commonly performed neurosurgical procedures. Herein, we introduce a new concept of a cranial fixation device for insertion of EVDs, that reduces reliance on freehand placement and drilling techniques and provides a simple, minimally invasive approach that provides strong fixation to minimal thickness skulls.

Methods: An experimental device for catheter insertion and fixation was designed and tested in both ex-vivo and in-vivo conditions to assess accurate cannulation of the ventricle and to test the strength of fixation to the skull.

Multiple Renal Infarctions in Spontaneous Double Renal Artery Dissection: A Case Report.

As spontaneous renal artery dissection (SRAD) is a rare cause of abdominal pain, bilateral dissection is an extremely rare event. Only approximately two hundred cases of SRAD have been reported in the literature. The diagnosis is often delayed due to the rarity of the disease and non-specific clinical presentations such as flank pain, hypertension, fever, nausea, vomiting, and hematuria, which can be often misdiagnosed as a genito-urinary infection or gastrointestinal or bowel disease.

QCT-based spatio-temporal aging atlas of the proximal femur BMD and cortical geometry.

Aging is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures at the hip, resulting from a loss of bone mass. While this loss is typically reported as a decreased mean areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in the proximal femur or the femoral neck, its evolution is spatially inhomogeneous, which might also contribute to the increased risk of fractures. Yet, little is known about the evolution of BMD distribution and cortical thickness with age in the proximal femur.

[Ruptured Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Complicated with Acute Aortic Dissection:Report of a Case].

A 68-year-old male with sudden, persistent chest and back pain was referred to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans revealed 56 mm thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA)located from the distal aortic arch to the proximal descending thoracic aorta and Stanford type B acute aortic dissection (AAD) with the patent false lumen distal to the aneurysm. The AAD was not extended within the TAA.

Posterior hippocampal sparing in Lewy body disorders with Alzheimer's copathology: An in vivo MRI study.

Background: Lewy body disorders (LBD), encompassing Parkinson disease (PD), PD dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are characterized by alpha-synuclein pathology but often are accompanied by Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathological change (ADNC). The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a primary locus of tau accumulation and associated neurodegeneration in AD. However, it is unclear the extent to which AD copathology in LBD (LBD/AD+) contributes to MTL-specific patterns of degeneration.

The Role of Prenatal Ultrasound and Added Value of Post-Mortem Radiographic Imaging With X-Ray and CT in Suspected Fetal Skeletal Dysplasia.

Objective: This study aims to assess the diagnostic value of post-mortem radiographic imaging compared with prenatal ultrasound in suspected fetal skeletal dysplasias in a large Finnish cohort.

Method: Prenatal ultrasound findings and their association with post-mortem radiographic imaging were evaluated in a cohort of 36 fetuses with prenatally suspected skeletal dysplasia.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound performed well in detecting skeletal dysplasias and severe forms of the disease.

Case Report: Diffuse cerebral lymphomatosis with superimposed multifocal primary CNS lymphoma.

Description: Cerebral lymphomatosis (CL) is a rare subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). In CL, atypical lymphoid cells diffusely infiltrate the cerebral parenchyma without forming a discrete mass as seen with PCNSL. We report a case of a 66-year-old woman with diffuse CL and superimposed areas of PCNSL.

Mapping fetal brain development of 10 weeks gestational age with 9.4T postmortem MRI and histological sections.

Background And Purpose: The 10th week of gestational age (GA) is a critical period for evaluating brain development, but there is limited knowledge regarding the specific characteristics at this GA. This study is to map the brain structures at 10 weeks GA using 9.4T MRI and histological sections.

Technical note: An optimized protocol for standard unenhanced whole-body post-mortem Photon Counting CT imaging.

In recent years, Photon-counting detector CT (PCD CT) has emerged as a new and groundbreaking technology in clinical radiology. While clinical research and practical applications of PCD-CT are constantly evolving, it has not yet been integrated into post-mortem CT (PMCT) imaging. Documented research into the potential applications of PCD CT in the field of post-mortem human forensic pathology and anatomical pathology is scarce in literature.

Brain MRI Lesions in Alexia Without Agraphia: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Alexia without agraphia (AWA) is an acquired reading disturbance associated with left posterior cerebral artery (PCA) infarction. Based on autopsy and neuroimaging, there are two explanations for its pathogenesis: a visual cortex-language cortex disconnection and a visual word-form agnosia. Our goal was to discover if more refined brain imaging in a case-control study would provide further imaging support for either of these hypotheses.

MORE ON DEEP HEMATOMAS IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: CASE SERIES.

Background: Despite the fact that the COVID-19 epidemic has already ended, there is no clear answer to the question - what is the nature of the imbalance in the hemocoagulation system, and which phenomena prevail - thrombosis or hemorrhage? More and more new works appear describing the occurrence of deep, extensive hematomas in patients with COVID-19. However, this experience requires further discussion and understanding.

Case Description: From October 2020 to January 2021, 7 (2,1% among all hospitalized with COVID-19 in this period) patients with developed hematomas were observed at the COVID-19 hospital.

Utilizing quantitative susceptibility mapping to differentiate primary lateral sclerosis from progressive supranuclear palsy: A case report.

We report a patient who presented clinically with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) but was pathologically diagnosed as having primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) protocol. A 70-year-old man was clinically diagnosed with PSP due to early falls and unresponsiveness to levodopa therapy. Postmortem pathological examination revealed mild loss of Betz cells, gliosis, and transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43)-positive inclusions in the motor cortex, leading to the pathological diagnosis of PLS.

A challenging discrimination of an intensely [F]PSMA-1007-avid solitary lesion at the skull base in a patient with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.

Prostate adenocarcinoma metastasis to brain has been reported to occur only up to 0.6% of patients and these are mostly diagnosed in autopsy series. In the setting of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer, a suspected PSMA-avid (prostate-specific membrane antigen) lesion in the brain is still strongly suggestive of an intracranial metastasis of prostate cancer.

Microglial activation without peripheral immune cell infiltration characterises mouse and human cerebral small vessel disease.

Aims: Cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs) involve diverse pathologies of the brain's small blood vessels, leading to cognitive deficits. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), lacunes, microbleeds and enlarged perivascular spaces in SVD patients. Although correlations of MRI and histopathology help to understand the pathogenesis of SVD, they do not explain disease progression.