Lenacapavir to prevent HIV infection: current prices versus estimated costs of production.

Background: Despite improvements in treatment and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) access, 1.3 million people acquired HIV in 2022. Six-monthly lenacapavir PrEP could benefit tens of millions of people at high risk of infection.

Optical Coherence Tomography Measures Predicting Fractional Flow Reserve: The OMEF Study.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows to carefully characterize coronary plaque morphology and lumen dimensions. We sought to evaluate the value of OCT in predicting fractional flow reserve (FFR).

Methods: We performed a multicenter, international, pooled analysis of individual patient-level data from published studies assessing FFR and OCT on the same vessel.

Development of machine learning models for fractional flow reserve prediction in angiographically intermediate coronary lesions.

Background: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) represents the gold standard in guiding the decision to proceed or not with coronary revascularization of angiographically intermediate coronary lesion (AICL). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows to carefully characterize coronary plaque morphology and lumen dimensions.

Objectives: We sought to develop machine learning (ML) models based on clinical, angiographic and OCT variables for predicting FFR.

Gender differences in patient experience among persons with spinal cord injury: A comparison across 22 countries.

Background: Due to the majority of males within the population of persons with spinal cord injuries (SCI), a male-oriented perception of persons with SCI might affect care provision in the way of prioritizing male needs.

Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional study is to describe the patient experience of persons with SCI by gender.

Methods: This study was based on the International Spinal Cord Injury Survey with 12,588 participants from 22 countries.

Factors associated with employment of powered wheelchair users.

Purpose: To identify correlations between demographic, health-related, environmental factors and the employment status of power wheelchair (PWC) users.

Method: We retrospectively analysed semi-structured interviews with 128 participants, their assistants or family members, and the participant's provided medical records. Participants were adult PWC users who applied for grants in purchasing a new PWC for gaining or keeping employment between 2019-2021 in Mazovian Province, Poland.

The outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in rapidly progressive osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Purpose: Rapidly progressive osteoarthritis of the hip is an uncommon and poorly understood condition. No universal definition of RPOH exists, however, a loss of joint space of 2 mm or more per year or 50% or more in one year with no other cause can be classed as RPOH. Due to the rapid loss of joint space and associated bone loss, total hip arthroplasty is the only viable treatment option.

COVID-19 Pandemic Consequences among Individuals with Eating Disorders on a Clinical Sample in Poland-A Cross-Sectional Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic and imposed restrictions had negative consequences on overall health among many populations. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the pandemic on eating disorders (ED) and mental health (MH) of individuals with confirmed ED diagnoses. A survey consisting of questions related to (1) diagnosis of COVID-19, (2) changes in ED symptoms and onset of new symptoms, (3) psychological and MH aspects regarding to the pandemic, (4) lifestyle changes, and (5) social media (SM) usage was distributed between April-June 2021.

The Effect of Chronic Immunosuppressive Regimens Treatment on Aortal Media Morphology and the Balance between Matrix Metalloproteinases (mmp-2 and mmp-9) and Their Inhibitors in the Abdominal Aorta of Rats.

Immunosuppressive drugs are widely and chronically used to avoid graft rejection in transplant recipients. However, they are also known to have organotoxic effects and can exert numerous side effects. The aim of this study was to assess whether the chronic treatment of rats with the most commonly used clinical immunosuppressive regimens in organ recipients had an effect on the morphology and function of the aorta.

Influence of Dynamization of Trochanteric Fracture Osteosynthesis on Bone Union.

Background: Ineffectively treated trochanteric fractures lead to disability and thus constitute a significant social problem. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of dynamization of the fixation of trochanteric fractures on bone union.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving 149 patients operated on for trochan-teric fractures in 2015-2017.

Human cadaver model as a training tool for enzymatic burn debridement (Nexobrid®): A feasibility study.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility of using human cadavers to demonstrate enzymatic burn debridement, as a training aid for clinical staff.

Material And Methods: A single, fresh-frozen human cadaver was used. Prior consent had been given.

Incidental Findings and How to Manage Them: Testis- A WFUMB Position Paper.

Testicular incidentalomas are non-palpable, asymptomatic lesions, most frequently detected on ultrasound examinations. Each incidentaloma should undergo a standardized diagnostic workup to exclude malignancy and recognize other potentially significant non-malignant conditions that may first present with an incidental finding on scrotal ultrasound. This position statement of the World Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) summarizes the available evidence on management of testicular incidentalomas and describes efficient management strategies with particular reference to the role of ultrasound techniques.

Keep calm and carry on learning: using Microsoft Teams to deliver a medical education programme during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The outbreak of COVID-19 in the UK in March 2020 required a radical remodelling of the medical workforce at Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust to prepare for the anticipated surge of hospital admissions. The provision of relevant teaching and training was immediately identified as a priority, particularly for staff due to work outside their regular medical specialty. Rather than deliver face-to-face teaching, doctors at the Trust utilised Microsoft Teams, an online communications and collaboration platform, to deliver a multi-disciplinary Trust-wide education programme responsive to the needs of surveyed medical staff.

Investigating the learning curve in endoscopic compared to microscopic myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion.

Objective: Rate of learning is often cited as a deterrent in the use of endoscopic ear surgery. This study investigated the learning curves of novice surgeons performing simulated ear surgery using either an endoscope or a microscope.

Methods: A prospective multi-site clinical research study was conducted.

Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for patients with nocturia.

Introduction: Nocturia is defined as the urge to urinate at night when the micturition was directly preceded and followed by sleep. Due to its negative impact on the quality of life of patients, an effective treatment for this disease has become a significant therapeutic challenge. The aim of this article was to explain the main risk factors for the occurrence of nocturia and to present diagnostic and therapeutic schemes in the case of nocturnal polyuria (idiopathic night time polyuria).

Results of the Treatment of Infected Nonunions of the Lower Limbs Using the Ilizarov Method.

Background: Infected nonunion is a complex complication of the treatment of long bone fractures. An in creased incidence of injuries, including high energy injuries (often open ones), contributes to a higher incidence of nonunion. These primarily infected injuries cause osteomyelitis, which prevents bone union, resulting in an infected nonunion.

Extent of lymphadenectomy in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy - a multi-institutional analysis.

Lymph node dissection (LND) performed at radical cystectomy (RC) has therapeutic and staging significance. However, the extent of LND remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze surgical patterns and results of LND in a contemporary series of patients with bladder cancer.

Antibacterial Bioactive Glass, S53P4, for Chronic Bone Infections - A Multinational Study.

Osteomyelitis is an infectious process in bone that occasionally leads to bone destruction. Traditionally, the surgical treatment procedure is performed in combination with systemic and local antibiotics as a two-stage procedure that uses autograft or allograft bone for filling of the cavitary defect. Bioactive glass (BAG-S53P4) is a bone substitute with proven antibacterial and bone bonding properties.

Analgesic efficacy of intrathecal fentanyl during the period of highest analgesic demand after cesarean section: A randomized controlled study.

Cesarean section (CS) is one of the most common surgical procedures in female patients. We aimed to evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy of intrathecal fentanyl during the period of greatest postoperative analgesic demand after CS. This period was defined by detailed analysis of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) usage.

Obesity and renal cancer incidence and mortality--a systematic review of prospective cohort studies.

Introduction And Objective: There have been many studies published recently on obesity and the risk of renal cancer; however, the epidemiological evidence for such an association has not been consistent. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted of the prospective cohort studies to assess the association between obesity and the risk of renal cancer incidence and death.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted of the PubMed database and references to published studies from inception until May 2013.

Long-term outcomes after adjuvant treatment of sequential versus combination docetaxel with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in node-positive breast cancer: BCIRG-005 randomized trial.

Background: The optimal regimen for adjuvant breast cancer chemotherapy is undefined. We compared sequential to concurrent combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide with docetaxel chemotherapy in women with node-positive non-metastatic breast cancer. We report the final, 10-year analysis of disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and long-term safety.

A new look at the shoulder anterior capsuloligamentous complex complementing the insertion of the subscapularis tendon-Anatomical, histological and ultrasound studies of the lesser tuberosity enthesis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between the anterior capsuloligamentous complex (ACLC - recognized as a single structure composed of the anterior capsule and its ligaments: medial glenohumeral ligament and anterior bundle of inferior glenohumeral ligament) and the subscapularis tendon with their footprints on the lesser tuberosity.

Methods: In this study, 19 fresh cadaveric shoulder specimens were examined: 13 in morphometric measurements and 6 were examined in a histological study. The subscapularis tendon and the ACLC were dissected until their insertion onto lesser tuberosity.