Myocardial infarction in young individual: A case report of polycythemia vera-induced acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.

Acute coronary syndrome is commonly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Myocardial infarction in a young person presents a significant challenge because its etiology is least likely associated with atherosclerosis. Polycythemia vera refers to one of the rare causes of myocardial infarction, which involves enhanced erythrocyte levels, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, splenomegaly, and a greater chance of vascular occlusion due to clotting in coronary arteries.

Exploring the Long-Term Disability Outcomes in Trauma Patients: Study Protocol.

Objectives: Post-discharge patient-reported outcomes from trauma registries can be used to measure trauma care quality. However, studies reflecting the Asian experience are limited. Therefore, we aim to develop a digital trauma registry to prospectively capture patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at one-, three-, six-, and twelve-months post-injury in Pakistan.

Driving pressure in mechanical ventilation: A review.

Driving pressure (∆P) is a core therapeutic component of mechanical ventilation (MV). Varying levels of ∆P have been employed during MV depending on the type of underlying pathology and severity of injury. However, ∆P levels have also been shown to closely impact hard endpoints such as mortality.

Subcutaneous fibroblastoma resembling hemangioma: A case of benign tumor of the chest wall.

Key Clinical Message: Desmoplastic fibroma presents similar to other soft tissue tumors to such an extent that even a gold standard investigation can miss.

Abstract: This is to report a mass in a 47-year-old male arising from the chest wall, which was first thought to be a hemangioma but was later diagnosed as a case of desmoplastic fibroblastoma with the help of a biopsy.

Predictors of Preterm Neonatal Mortality in India and Pakistan: A Secondary Analysis of Data from PURPOSe Study.

To create a prediction model for preterm neonatal mortality. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from a prospective cohort study, the Project to Understand and Research Preterm Pregnancy Outcome South Asia. The Cox proportional hazard model was used and adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported.

Unmasking the long-term effects: unravelling neuropsychiatric and neurological consequences of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only burdened healthcare systems but has also led to a new emerging medical enigma that is post-COVID-19 syndrome or "long COVID." Characterized by persistent symptoms that extend beyond the acute phase of the illness, long COVID has rapidly become a public health concern with ambiguous neurological and neuropsychiatric dimensions. This narrative review aims at synthesizing available research to decode the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on neurological and mental health.

Frequency of cd44 expression in diagnosed cases of oral Epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral cavity cancer is one of the most widespread head and neck cancers in the world. 90 percent of oral cavity cancers are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder (OPMD), are well known to develop into squamous cell carcinoma.

Frequency and risk factors of malabsorption in patients presenting at tertiary care hospital, Karachi.

Objective: The objective of this study was to find out frequency and risk factors of malabsorption in patients presenting at tertiary care hospital, Karachi.

Methods: This was a prospective-observational study conducted through a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Ninety two adult patients presenting with a history of chronic diarrhea (diarrhea having duration of more than four weeks), age ≥14 years, both males & females, and diagnosed as malabsorption syndrome visiting out-patient or admitted in the department of Gastroenterology of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi between June 2018 and July 2020 were enrolled.

Correction: Real-World Evidence to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan in Gastrointestinal Disorders in the Pakistani Population.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48994.

Safety and efficacy of antithrombotics in outpatients with symptomatic COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global health emergency, with well over six hundred million infections and over six million deaths to date. Besides other ramifications, it is also associated with inflammation and an augmented risk of thromboembolic complications. Despite this, the risks and benefits of antithrombotic drugs in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 have not been well-established and remain controversial.

Which terms should be used to describe medications used in the treatment of seizure disorders? An ILAE position paper.

A variety of terms, such as "antiepileptic," "anticonvulsant," and "antiseizure" have been historically applied to medications for the treatment of seizure disorders. Terminology is important because using terms that do not accurately reflect the action of specific treatments may result in a misunderstanding of their effects and inappropriate use. The present International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) position paper used a Delphi approach to develop recommendations on English-language terminology applicable to pharmacological agents currently approved for treating seizure disorders.

Prevalence and factors associated with professional burnout in Polish oncologists-results of a nationwide survey.

Background: High rates of burnout are observed among health care professionals worldwide, which could have negative consequences on personal and organizational levels. We aimed to evaluate the burnout prevalence and factors associated with burnout among oncologists in Poland.

Materials And Methods: An online survey was conducted using the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and additional work/lifestyle questions.

Clinical Utility of S.T.O.N.E, Guy's Scoring System, and Renal Stone Complexity Scoring in Predicting Outcome of Single-Tract Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Background: Several imaging-based scores have been developed to predict postoperative stone-free state (SFS) and complications. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the S.T.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of esophageal carcinoma: An experience from tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.

Objectives: To describe current trends and characteristics of esophageal cancer (EC) over the past ten years largest tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: This single center retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology and Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan, between the period of ten years from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. Patient data including epidemiological characteristics such as age, gender, education, residence, occupation, addictions, comorbidities, symptoms, location of EC, laboratory parameters and histopathological type were recorded.

Efficacy and safety of itopride SR for upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with diabetic gastroparesis: real-world evidence from Pakistan.

Background: Gastroparesis is a serious condition that can be caused by diabetes, surgery or infection, or can be idiopathic. When there is no mechanical obstruction, gastroparesis is characterized by delayed stomach emptying. Itopride, a prokinetic drug, inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in addition to antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors.

Real-World Evidence to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan in Gastrointestinal Disorders in the Pakistani Population.

Background And Aim: While proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy has proven to be effective in managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a notable portion of patients who experience GERD symptoms may not respond to this treatment. Research suggests that roughly 30% of individuals with a presumed GERD diagnosis may continue to experience symptoms, whether partially or completely, even when receiving PPI therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases with a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), vonoprazan, in terms of its effectiveness and safety in the Pakistani population.

Challenges and health outcomes of the exposure to soybean dust in the harbor neighborhood of Karachi, Pakistan: a wake-up call.

Background: Chemical disasters are common worldwide and result from technological failure, war, and terrorism activities. Pakistan imports huge quantities of hazardous chemicals to meet its industrial and energy needs. Hence there is a risk of chemical disaster at the ports, during transportation of such material and processing in the chemical industry.

Review of current literature on gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) is a disease of the reproductive age group with an incidence rate of <1% among all tumors involving the female reproductive tract. It occurs because of aberrant fertilization. Patients are diagnosed early because of aggravated symptoms during pregnancy.

Introducing the Muzzammil classification for spoke wheel injuries in children to enhance injury assessment and treatment in developing countries.

Motorbike spoke wheel injuries (SWIs) among children are a notable public health concern, especially in low and middle-income regions. The primary objective of this study is to comprehensively examine the patterns of motorbike spoke wheel injuries (SWIs) in children. Additionally, the study introduces a novel classification system for these injuries.

Respiratory Dysfunction in Epileptic Encephalopathies: Insights and Challenges.

Epileptic encephalopathies constitute a group of severe epileptic disorders characterized by intractable seizures and cognitive regression. Beyond the hallmark neurological manifestations, these disorders frequently exhibit associated respiratory dysfunction, which is increasingly recognized as a critical aspect of their pathophysiology. Respiratory abnormalities in epileptic encephalopathies encompass a spectrum of manifestations, ranging from subtle alterations in breathing patterns to life-threatening events such as apneas and hypoventilation.

Bridging Development and Disruption: Comprehensive Insights into Focal Cortical Dysplasia and Epileptic Management.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a prominent neurological disorder characterized by disruptions in localized brain cell organization and development. This narrative review delineates the multi-faceted nature of FCD, emphasizing its correlation with drug-resistant epilepsy, predominantly in children and young adults. We explore the historical context of FCD, highlighting its indispensable role in shaping our comprehension of epilepsy and cortical anomalies.

Specialty Impact on Patient Outcomes: Paving a Way for an Integrated Approach to Spinal Disorders.

Spinal surgical procedures are steadily increasing globally due to broad indications of certain techniques encompassing a wide spectrum of conditions, including degenerative spine disorders, congenital anomalies, spinal metastases, and traumatic spinal fractures. The two specialties, neurosurgery (NS) and orthopedic surgery (OS), both possess the clinical adeptness to perform these procedures. With the advancing focus on comparative effectiveness research, it is vital to compare patient outcomes in spine surgeries performed by orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons, given their distinct approaches and training backgrounds to guide hospital programs and physicians to consider surgeon specialty when making informed decisions.

Integrative Medicine Approaches: Bridging the Gap Between Conventional and Renal Complementary Therapies.

The global incidence of renal disorders is on the rise, demanding the implementation of novel and comprehensive strategies for patient care. The present study demonstrates the significance of renal health, offering a comprehensive comprehension of renal physiology and the escalating load of renal illnesses. The relevance of controlling renal illnesses is underscored by a thorough examination of conventional treatments, which encompass pharmaceutical interventions, dialysis, and transplantation.

In Vitro Activity of New β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations against , , and ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriales Uropathogens.

Antibiotic resistance in uropathogens has increased substantially and severely affected treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Lately, some new formulations, including meropenem/vaborbactam (MEV), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA), and ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) have been introduced to treat infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens. This study was designed to screen Enterobacteriales isolates from UTI patients and to assess their antimicrobial resistance pattern, particularly against the mentioned (new) antibiotics.