Impact of "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" (ERAS) protocols vs. traditional perioperative care on patient outcomes after colorectal surgery: a systematic review.

Background: Colorectal surgery is associated with a high risk of postoperative complications, including technical complications, surgical site infections, and other adverse events affecting patient safety and overall patient experience. "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" (ERAS) is considered a new standard of care for streamlining the perioperative care of surgical patients with the goal of minimizing complications and optimizing timely patient recovery after surgery. This systematic review was designed to investigate the evidence-based literature pertinent to comparing patient outcomes after ERAS versus conventional perioperative care.

Outcomes following CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery for pituitary adenomas-a large single-centre study.

Introduction: The role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in pituitary adenomas (PAs) is evolving especially considering its safety. Existing literature is hampered by limited sample sizes and short-term follow-ups, impeding its preeminence in the clinical and radiological outcomes. We propose a comprehensive, single-centred study to evaluate the outcomes following CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (CK SRS) for PAs in a larger patient population, incorporating meticulous clinical and radiological follow-up.

A Rare Case of Dysphagia: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Esophageal leiomyomas (EL) are the most common benign tumors of the esophagus, being pedunculated polyp presentation is very rare. A 65-year-old female presented with symptoms of troublesome dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) performed revealed a pedunculated polyp of ~ 3 × 1.

Comparison of Research Knowledge in Postgraduate Trainees of Clinical and Basic Health Sciences of a Tertiary Healthcare Setup: A Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment.

Background:  All recent advances in healthcare, including diagnostics, surveillance, management, and disease prevention, have depended on good-quality research that has brought new information to light. Therefore, in Pakistan, it is important to develop good research skills as, for many years, our physicians have relied on research knowledge from the Western world, which does not necessarily provide solutions to a developing country. Considering the gap in research knowledge among young doctors, the study was planned to compare the research knowledge of postgrad trainees of clinical and basic health sciences (BHS) of private tertiary care hospitals in Karachi.

Perceived barriers and facilitators of implementing a sustained smartphone-based telemonitoring program for pregnant women at high-risk for pre-eclampsia in the public and private sectors in Pakistan.

Background: In Pakistan, a smartphone-based telemonitoring (TM) program (Raabta) has been designed to support pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia (HRPE) in Pakistan. However, implementing TM interventions is often challenging, particularly in low-resource settings, given the complexity of healthcare environments and variations in public and private health sectors. This study explores the potential barriers and facilitators for a sustained implementation of the Raabta program in public and private sector hospitals in Pakistan.

UNVEILING A RARE CASE OF KIKUCHI-FUJIMOTO IN SINDH, PAKISTAN.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) commonly manifests with symptoms of fever, tender cervical adenopathy, and systemic symptoms like night sweats, rashes, headache, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and sore throat. In this case study, a 27-year-old patient's main complaints included fever, neck oedema, and weight loss that started one month ago. Following preliminary inquiries, ultrasonography, and CT scans, a multidisciplinary team has been overseeing the case.

Rapidly enlarging primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma of the eyelid: A case report.

Non-Hodgkin CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disease encompasses three subgroups, one of which is primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL). It is distinguished by the presence of giant anaplastic cells with pleomorphism and widespread CD30 positivity. The case of a 58-year-old female is presented who reported to the Eye Department of Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Centre (JPMC) on 18th January, 2023 with a three-month history of rapidly enlarging, non-tender, ulcerated lesion on the lower eyelid of the right eye.

Acute pediatric appendicitis in black and white: clinical disparities, impact and future recommendations.

Racial and ethnic disparities have long been studied in the delivery of healthcare. One such avenue is acute pediatric appendicitis, which continues to be an area of significant and continual research. Because of its routine clinical presentation and standardized management, acute pediatric appendicitis serves as an appropriate proxy for studying discrepancies in healthcare.

Dapagliflozin's Role in Heart Failure: An Overview of Clinical Trial Evidence.

Heart failure (HF) has become a global health threat, necessitating the development of novel treatment options to address this crisis. Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin, may offer significant advantages in the treatment of HF, particularly in patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This systematic review combines the findings from clinical studies to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of dapagliflozin in HF patients.

Exploring the long-term disability outcomes in Trauma patients: study protocol.

Objectives: Trauma registries are essential tools for improving trauma care quality and efficiency, but many fail to capture long-term patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Focusing on these outcomes is crucial for understanding the extent of disability patients experience and identifying potential post-discharge interventions to optimize recovery. Studies reflecting the experience from low- and middle-income countries in this area are limited.

Assessing the effectiveness of tumour board education among medical students: a pre-post-test analysis.

Introduction: Multidisciplinary tumour boards (MDTs) play a vital role in providing high-quality cancer care. In Pakistan's compromised healthcare system, there is a lack of tumour board establishment. To bridge this gap, we aimed to enhance medical education by exposing medical students to the processes and advantages of MDTs early in their careers through conducting a mock tumour board.

Caesarean Section frequency in Nulliparous Women induced at 39 weeks versus conventional management: An open label random allocation study.

Objective: To compare frequency of caesarean section in singleton primary-para women induced at 39 week and its comparison with conventional management. The other objective was comparison of perinatal and neonatal outcomes.

Method: Open random allocation study was conducted at Gynae/Obst Department JPMC during period from 1 June 2022 to 30 September 2023.

Assessing emergency room leadership of ObGyn residents in a public university teaching hospital of Sindh, Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Leadership is a critical competency for medical professionals, yet it is often neglected in medical training. For ObGyn residents, leadership training is particularly crucial as it significantly impacts both maternal and newborn outcomes, as well as the operational efficiency of healthcare teams. The main objective of this study was to assess the perceptions of obstetrics and gynecology residents who served as group leaders in the emergency team at the Department of Gynecology, Ward 3, Dr.

Comment on multiple craniotomies in patients with brain metastases: a two-center, propensity score-matched study.

The article by Luis Padevit et al. provides a thorough analysis of multiple craniotomies for brain metastases using propensity score matching and statistical analysis. Their findings suggest that multiple craniotomies do not increase adverse events or morbidity.

Consensus Statements for Assessment and Management of Threatened Miscarriage in the First Trimester in Pakistan: A Three-Step Modified Delphi Approach.

Background And Objective: It aimed to develop an expert consensus regarding the risk assessment, diagnosis, and threatened miscarriage management during the first trimester in Pakistan.

Methods: A three-step modified Delphi method was applied to develop the consensus. Eleven specialized obstetricians and gynecologists participated in its development.

Efficacy of Pegylated Interferon-alpha-2a in Chronic Hepatitis Delta: Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi.

Background: Chronic hepatitis D (CHD) along with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. It is a potentially curable infection that has long awaited a good treatment option.

Objective: To ascertain the efficacy of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-alpha-2a in patients suffering from CHD.

Unveiling the Significance of MRP 1 in Achieving Complete Remission Following Induction Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Increased expression of MRP 1 in AML patients results in the efflux of drugs from the cells, preventing the patient from achieving remission or potentially leading to relapse. Several studies have demonstrated that early identification of ABC transporter may yield favorable outcomes.

Aims And Objectives: The objectives of the study were to investigate the correlation between MRP 1 gene expression and MRP 1 protein levels and the response to remission induction in AML patients.

Participants' Experiences and Satisfaction With Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 100 Sunscreen in Actual Use Conditions.

Background and objective Exposure to sunlight's ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses various health risks, including sunburn, skin damage, and heightened skin cancer risk. Sunblock usage has surged due to widespread advertising campaigns. Individuals spending time outdoors should employ protective measures like wearing hats, applying sunblock with a high sun protection factor (SPF), covering exposed skin, and seeking shade to mitigate UV exposure's harmful effects.

Gender disparities in gastroenterology and hepatology conferences: The journey towards equality.

Background: This study scrutinizes gender representation in invited faculty and conference committee leadership at key gastroenterology and hepatology conferences in Pakistan over five years, exploring the impact of the "glass ceiling" and "sticky floor" phenomena on gender diversity within academic medicine.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March of 2023. The three major national societies of gastroenterology and hepatology in Pakistan that had been established for more than 10 years and the scientific programs of their annual conferences, which were publicly accessible, were included and coded as Society 1, Society 2 and Society 3 to maintain anonymity.

Undiagnosed vertebral fragility fractures in patients with distal radius fragility fractures: an opportunity for prevention of morbimortality in osteoporotic patients in developing countries.

Unlabelled: Our study investigates vertebral fractures in individuals with distal radius fractures. Among 512 patients, 41.21% had vertebral fractures, predominantly in the lumbar spine.

Conducting a diabetes mellitus prevention trial in women with GDM in Pakistan: a feasibility study.

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than women without GDM. Despite this elevated risk, few trials on the prevention of T2DM among South Asian women with GDM have been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a diabetes prevention program on women with a history of GDM to inform the development of a contextually relevant definitive trial.