Acceptability, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Concurrent High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cue Exposure in Cannabis Use Disorder: A Pilot Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: We studied the acceptability, feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness of combined cue exposure and anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cannabis craving in cannabis use disorder (CUD).

Methods: We randomly assigned 48 participants equally in 4 groups: A, tDCS and cannabis cue exposure; B, tDCS and neutral image; C, sham tDCS and cue exposure; and D, sham tDCS and neutral image. The images were validated by Delphi consensus.

Building global collaborative research networks in paediatric critical care: a roadmap.

Paediatric critical care units are designed for children at a vulnerable stage of development, yet the evidence base for practice and policy in paediatric critical care remains scarce. In this Health Policy, we present a roadmap providing strategic guidance for international paediatric critical care trials. We convened a multidisciplinary group of 32 paediatric critical care experts from six continents representing paediatric critical care research networks and groups.

Intravitreal therapy for the management of diabetic retinopathy: A concise review.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and may result in irreversible visual loss. Laser treatment has been the gold standard treatment for diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy for many years. Of late, intravitreal therapy has emerged as a cornerstone in the management of DR.

Regional disparities and correlates of alcohol use during pregnancy in India: Insights from the National Family Health Survey-5.

Introduction: Alcohol use during pregnancy is a significant public health concern due to its adverse outcomes for the mother and developing fetus. This study aims to estimate the national and state-wise prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy in India and examine associated social, demographic and health-related correlates using data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted in 2019-2020.

Methods: Data from NFHS-5, a large-scale, nationally representative survey, were analysed.

Coagulopathy in acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but rapidly progressing syndrome, marked by severe liver dysfunction and altered mental status. While definitions of ALF vary across different guidelines, with timelines ranging from 4 to 26 weeks between jaundice onset and encephalopathy, the key defining features remain encephalopathy and coagulopathy. Elevated coagulation markers, particularly prothrombin time and international normalized ratio, have traditionally been associated with bleeding risks.

Evaluation of Race-Neutral Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimating Equations in an Indian Population.

Introduction: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation equations have not been extensively validated in the Indian population. Preliminary data showed that the widely used creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2009 significantly overestimated GFR in Indians. Newer estimated GFR (eGFR) equations based on creatinine and cystatin C, omitting the race, have been recently proposed.

Imaging in Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

Esophageal cancer is one of the common cancers. Risk factors are well recognized and lead most commonly to two distinct histological subtypes (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma). The diagnosis is based on endoscopic evaluation.

Giant Cystic Pneumocytoma in a Young Male: Rare Diagnostic Conundrum with Clinicoradiological and Histopathological Features.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma is a rare benign neoplasm typically seen in middle-aged women. The exact preoperative diagnosis is quite challenging considering its nonspecific clinical and radiologic features along with complex histology. Moreover, obtaining an exact histopathological diagnosis can be difficult especially with the small biopsy specimens.

Multiphasic Computed Tomography Enhancement Characteristics and Utility of Delayed Phase in Infiltrative Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

 The aims of this study are to compare the multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) characteristics of infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with nodular HCC and to assess the conspicuity of infiltrative HCC on different phases of CECT.  This retrospective study comprised consecutive treatment-naive cirrhotic patients diagnosed with infiltrative and nodular HCC between January 2020 and December 2021 based on a multiphasic CECT (comprising arterial, portal venous, and delayed phases). The diagnosis of HCC was based on the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 criteria (LR-4 and LR-5 lesions).

Multifocality in gallbladder cancer: An imaging-based study.

Aim Of The Study: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) lesions are usually solitary. The presence of multifocal disease can alter resectability and management. There are no systematic imaging-based studies evaluating multifocality in GBC.

Efficacy of piracetam in children with breath-holding spells: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A number of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted comparing the efficacy of piracetam with placebo and other medications in children with breath-holding spells (BHS). However, no systematic review has yet collated all this evidence. All RCTs comparing the efficacy and/or safety of piracetam with placebo or other medications in children with BHS were included.

Invasive Aspergillosis With Multiple Locations, Mediastinitis, and Cardiac Invasion.

A 25-year-old man reporting weight loss and constitutional symptoms was empirically treated for tuberculosis. Following acute seizures, the patient underwent cerebral imaging and was diagnosed with multiple nonischemic cerebral lesions. Thoracic imaging revealed fibrosing mediastinitis infiltrating and obscuring the left atrium and left ventricle.

The Efficacy of Non-Cultured Epidermal Cell Suspension and Excimer Lamps Combination Therapy in Vitiligo: Results of 18 Months Follow-Up.

Background: Research on evaluating the efficacy of non-cultured epidermal cell suspension (NCECS) combined with excimer lamps for the treatment of vitiligo is currently unavailable. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of this combination in treating vitiligo.

Methods: A prospective, controlled study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2024.

Molecular Characteristics of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant , Hospital-Acquired MRSA Isolates, and PVL in one of the Indian hospitals.

Unlabelled: Community-acquired methicillin resistant (CA-MRSA) strains are increasingly replacing hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains in hospitalized patients leading to poor clinical outcomes. Hence, this study aimed to characterize clinical isolates of MRSA (HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA) and to understand their clonal origin. A total of 400 consecutive clinical isolates were collected from the clinical bacteriology lab of a tertiary care hospital.

Albumin orchestrates a natural host defense mechanism against mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis is an emerging, life-threatening human infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Metabolic disorders uniquely predispose an ever-expanding group of patients to mucormycosis via poorly understood mechanisms. Therefore, it is highly likely that uncharacterized host metabolic effectors confer protective immunity against mucormycosis.

Exploring the complexities of slum vulnerability in Haryana, India: a qualitative research journey into economic, social, physical, and health dimensions.

Purpose: The study explores the conditions contributing to slum dweller's vulnerability to poor health and examines interplay between economic, physical/infrastructural, and social factors affecting health status to inform policy and programme.

Methods: The methodology deployed for data analysis was mixed deductive-inductive. A deductive framework was adapted for categorizing the data into four broad themes: Economic, Physical/Infrastructure, Social, and Health.

Neonatal lupus erythematosus: 24 years of experience from a tertiary centre at Chandigarh, North India.

Objective: To study the clinical features and laboratory parameters of neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) from India.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed case records of children diagnosed with NLE in the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic at tertiary care centre from North India during the period January 1999 - December 2023.

Results: Twenty-four babies are diagnosed with NLE during the study period.