Bilateral sub-trochanteric femur fragility fractures in a patient on antiretroviral therapy: a case based discussion and review of literature.

Background: The burden of HIV/AIDS is ever increasing, affecting populations all over the world. Along with the disease, its effects and consequences on bone health are also on a rise. A commonly used drug in managing HIV, "Tenofovir" has been shown to affect bone health, specifically on prolonged usage.

Management practices for West syndrome in South Asia: A survey study and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Considering the dearth of literature on West syndrome (WS) from South Asian countries, this study aimed to evaluate the management practices in South Asia by an online survey and meta-analysis.

Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to 223 pediatric neurologists/pediatricians in India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Their responses were evaluated and supplemented by a meta-analysis.

Anti- RI antibody associated progressive supranuclear palsy like presentation in a patient with breast carcinoma.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are well established entities associated with onconeural antibodies. Paraneoplastic parkinsonism is a highly under narrated presentation of PNS. Rapid progression of typical or atypical parkinsonism with red flags like multiaxial involvement, complete gaze palsy and a clinico-radiological mismatch should prompt a clinician to suspect secondary etiologies like infection, metabolic, vascular, metastatic and paraneoplastic causes.

Progesterone vaginal ring as a new contraceptive option for lactating mothers: Evidence from a multicenter non-randomized comparative clinical trial in India.

Objectives: Evaluate and compare contraceptive efficacy, safety, continuation rates and duration of lactational amenorrhea (LA) in married lactating women (20-35 years) using the progesterone vaginal ring (PVR) or Copper-T380A intrauterine device (IUD) during the first postpartum year.

Study Design: We conducted a one-year multicenter, non-randomized, non-inferiority, open-label, comparative trial at 20 centers in India and compared efficacy, safety, continuation and LA plus feeding patterns and growth/well-being of participants' infants. Women used four 3-month PVRs consecutively (lost PVRs were not replaced) and were to breastfeed at least four times/day.

An unusual cause of granulomatous colitis: Behcet's disease.

Intestinal involvement in Behcet's disease (BD) is uncommon. Differentiating it from close mimics like Crohn's Disease is difficult. Further, in asymptomatic cases, diagnostic challenges posed is still greater.

Clue to the cause of portal hypertension: Look at the raindrops.

Portal hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by splenomegaly, with or without hypersplenism, and esphagogastric varices. Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) belongs to the presinusoidal sub category of portal hypertension. We present the case of a young 35-year-old male who had presented with two episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleed.

An unusual case of hereditary transthyretin-related amyloidosis and ulcerative colitis in a young Indian girl.

Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is a multisystem disorder caused by extracellular amyloid deposition, usually presenting with neurological and cardiovascular involvement. Gastrointestinal involvement, if present, is usually in the form of motility symptoms like diarrhea, constipation, or diarrhea alternating with constipation. Presentations mimicking ulcerative colitis without other system involvement are rare.

Invasive aspergillosis causing gastric necrosis and perforation: A case report.

Aspergillosis is an opportunistic infection commonly seen in immunocompromised patients. Patients with hematological malignancies, postorgan transplantation, or those with comorbid conditions are susceptible to the development of invasive aspergillosis. Lungs are the main portal of entry and are thus most commonly involved.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease mimicking gallbladder cancer with associated choledochal cyst: A case report of a malignant masquerade.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a recently described autoimmune disease that can involve diverse organ systems, causing pancreatitis, cholangitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and thyroiditis to name a few. Key histological features include storiform fibrosis, obliterative venulitis, and intense inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphoplasmacytic cells. The disease has a tendency to present with mass-forming lesions, often difficult to differentiate from malignant processes.

Ileocecal thickening: Clinical approach to a common problem.

Ileocecal thickening (ICT) is a common finding on radiological imaging. It can be caused by a variety of inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic conditions, and evaluating a patient of ICT can be a challenging task. Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), Crohn's disease (CD), and adenocarcinoma are the most common causes.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A rare complication of acute pancreatitis.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is a poorly understood entity involving multiple organs and having grave prognosis if not treated promptly. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rare cause of TTP and TTP is also a rare complication of acute pancreatitis. TTP is induced in AP by poorly understood mechanism, which involves multiple pathways apart from only ADAMTS13 deficiency.

Does esophageal wall thickness on computed tomography predict response to endoscopic dilatation in patients with corrosive esophageal strictures?

Background And Aim: To evaluate the role of esophageal wall thickness (EWT) on computed tomography (CT) in predicting response to endoscopic dilatation of corrosive esophageal strictures.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. A review of the records of patients who underwent endoscopic dilatation of esophageal strictures between January 2010 and December 2017 was performed.

Effect of gluten-free diet and compliance on quality of life in pediatric celiac disease patients.

Background: Quality of life (QOL) in children with celiac disease (CD) has been sparsely studied.

Aims: We aimed to study QOL in pediatric CD and the effect of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in a North Indian population.

Methods: QOL was assessed at baseline and 6 months after GFD using a pediatric symptom checklist (PSC) score.

Comparative study of the outcome between alcohol and gallstone pancreatitis in a high-volume tertiary care center.

Background And Aim: The two most common etiologies of acute pancreatitis (AP) are alcohol and gallstone. Whether etiology contributes to the outcome in patients with AP is an unresolved issue, more so in the severe form of the disease. The aim is to study the effects of the etiological factors of alcohol and gallstone on the disease course and the role of etiology in the subgroup of severe AP.

Patterns of alcohol consumption and nutrition intake in patients with alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic pancreatitis in North Indian men.

Background And Aim: Chronic alcoholism and nutrition play an important role in liver and pancreatic diseases. To compare drinking habits and nutritional data in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and alcoholic pancreatitis (ALP).

Methods: Clinical, anthropometric, dietary intake, laboratory, and imaging data were recorded in consecutive patients of ALD and ALP.

Change in serum levels of inflammatory markers reflects response of percutaneous catheter drainage in symptomatic fluid collections in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Background: Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) is used as the first step in the management of symptomatic fluid collections in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). There are limited data on the effect of PCD on inflammatory markers.

Aim: To study the effects of PCD on serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and IL-10 and its correlation with the outcome.

Esophageal manometry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and duodenal mucosal histopathology in systemic sclerosis.

Background And Aim: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is known to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, resulting in dysmotility, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and mucosal changes causing significant morbidity. The study aimed to assess esophageal motility and duodenal mucosal changes in SSc.

Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, single-center study of 23 patients with SSc diagnosed on the basis of standard criteria.

A real-world experience with 6 months of antitubercular therapy in abdominal tuberculosis.

Background And Aim: Abdominal tuberculosis is an important form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Evidence from clinical trials suggests that 6 months of antitubercular therapy (ATT) is sufficient for abdominal tuberculosis.

Methods: We report real-world experience with 6 months of ATT based on a retrospective analysis of patients with abdominal tuberculosis seen at a large tertiary care hospital in India.

High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among healthy male blood donors of urban India.

Background: There is limited data on the community prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study evaluated the prevalence of NAFLD in a large number of healthy male blood donors of urban north India.

Methodology: In a prospective study performed over 18 months, voluntary blood donors fulfilling the requisite blood donation criteria and consenting to participate in the study were evaluated.

Arterial pseudoaneurysms in acute and chronic pancreatitis: Clinical profile and outcome.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical profile and outcome of arterial pseudoaneurysms (PSA) associated with acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Methods: Records of all patients of pancreatitis from 2010 to 2016 were analyzed retrospectively for the development PSAs; clinical profile and outcome parameters were compared between PSAs associated with acute and CP.

Results: Of the 980 patients, 46 (all males, age 39.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: An early biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury and severity in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Background And Aim: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) has a high mortality rate. Traditionally used serum creatinine is an insensitive biomarker for the early detection of AKI. We aimed to study the role of plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in predicting AKI and a severe course in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).