FUT2 gene as a genetic susceptible marker of infectious diseases: A Review.

Some blood group antigens are reported as a susceptibility marker for some diseases. For instance, HBGA (Histo-blood group antigen) which is controlled by gene FUT2 also considered as a susceptible marker. The FUT2 gene which exhibits the expression of alpha-1, 2-L-fucosyltransferase enzyme also leads to HBGA expression for the gut, and it provides a composition of the phenotypical profile that exists in some populations with unique histories of evolution and it can be considered as a marker of the genetic population.

An improved method for isolation of RNA from rat femur.

Background: RNA isolation from ossified bone is a difficult and time-consuming process which often results in poor recovery of RNA. The yield is limited and might not be suitable for gene quantification studies by real time PCR.

Methodology: The present study demonstrates RNA extraction from rat femur utilizing the silica column along with the trizol reagent.

Therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is regarded as the most efficacious therapy for neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy. However, limitations in previous systematic reviews and the publication of new data necessitate updating the evidence. We conducted this up-to-date systematic review to evaluate the effects of TH in neonatal encephalopathy on clinical outcomes.

Fecal microbiota transplantation in alcohol-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure: an open-label clinical trial.

Background: Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) presenting as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) carries a high short-term mortality. Alteration of gut microbiota is a crucial component implicated in its pathogenesis, whose modulation has been suggested as a potential therapeutic tool. We evaluated the safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and its efficacy in improving short-term survival and clinical severity scores in patients with SAH-ACLF.

Lobular capillary hemangioma of the conjunctiva.

We report a case of lobular capillary hemangioma of the conjunctiva in a 32-year-old man, who had no history of eye surgery or trauma, and did not respond to topical corticosteroid therapy. He was treated successfully by surgical excision. Excisional biopsy confirms the diagnosis and rules out any malignant lesion in medically uncontrolled cases.

Association of gene polymorphisms with pemphigus vulgaris: a case-control study with comprehensive review of the literature.

Background: Functional () gene polymorphisms are associated with elevated serum levels of MIF and increased susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases. MIF levels in the sera of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) patients are increased; however, no definite association has been demonstrated between PV and gene polymorphisms. The present study was conducted to ascertain any association between -173*G-C and -794*CATT polymorphisms and PV.

Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown and Confinement Measures on the Musculoskeletal Health of the Urban Geriatric Population.

Background Owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a nationwide lockdown was imposed in India, with strict confinement measures imposed on the elderly. Because mobility and regular physical activity are considered to be the key determinants of musculoskeletal health, this study aimed to investigate the effect of lockdown and confinement measures on the musculoskeletal health and activities of daily living of the urban geriatric population. Methodology A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the elderly aged ≥60 years.

Is early intramedullary interlocked nailing an effective treatment option for open grade III femoral shaft fractures: a systematic review of literature and pooled analysis of 176 cases.

Background: Open Grade 3 femoral fractures are high-velocity injuries, often associated with other co-morbid injuries and are highly prone to infections; these fractures are commonly treated by staged procedures to minimize the complications. Early definitive fixation by intramedullary (IM) interlocking nails (ILN) has advantages like early mobility and better outcomes.

Study Question: Are early definitive fixations of grade III shaft femur fractures with debridement & IM ILN effective in union and infection rates?

Materials And Methods: Using relevant keywords, a total of 3357 articles were screened from the PubMed, Scopus and Embase database.

Fetal cardiac intervention and fetal cardiac surgery: where are we in 21st century?

Fetal cardiac intervention is an in-utero cardiac procedure done in fetuses with heart diseases like severe aortic stenosis with evolving hypoplastic left heart syndrome, hypoplastic left heart syndrome with an intact or restricted atrial septum, pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum, fetal heart block obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return, pericardial collection. The successful biventricular repair can be done in postnatal life after aortic or pulmonary valvuloplasty. Fetal bypass is very challenging because of different physiology.

Bilateral crescent fracture-dislocation of the sacroiliac joint: a case-based discussion and review of literature.

Background: Crescent fractures are a subset of lateral compression injuries associated with high energy trauma and are rotationally unstable. These fractures are rare bilaterally, and we present one such rare case of a bilateral crescent fracture.

Case Description: A 56-year-old male presented with run-over injury and was diagnosed with bilateral crescent fracture-dislocation of the Sacroiliac joint.

COVID-19 and care for patients with chronic kidney disease: Challenges and lessons.

The COVID-19 pandemic has blurred the traditional distinction between communicable diseases (CD) and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The manifestations of COVID-19 range from an asymptomatic carrier state to fatal multiorgan failure. While initial reports did not report significant effects on the kidneys, it is now well established that kidney involvement (acute kidney injury, urinary abnormalities, tubular function defects) in COVID-19 is common and it is also associated with poorer outcomes.

The experiential impact of isolation and quarantine on patients during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

Background: Most countries around the world have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although there are quantitative studies on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-care professionals and other population groups, there are few studies that have evaluated the experiences of patients in the initial phases of the pandemic.

Aim: This study aims to conduct a qualitative study assessing the experiences of the patients in isolation and quarantine in the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Therapeutic potential of against the Aβ-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the rats.

From the early stages of any neurodegenerative-disease mitochondrial functionality has been mortally extricated, though the exact timeline of these events is still unclear, it is likely to represent a progressive neurons-decline and cognitive-functions. Hence strategies suggested by herbal extract to restore mitochondrial functions may be a remedial approach to chronic neurodegenerative disorder like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research was designed to evaluate if Aβ induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction could be inhibited by (AS) supplementation.

An innovative and cost-effective way to estimate alkaline phosphatase activity in cellular model systems.

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme that converts para-nitrophenyl phosphate to para-nitrophenol (yellow coloured) in 2-amino, 2-methyl, 1-propanol buffer at pH 10.5. However, when this protocol is applied to the in vitro cellular model systems to estimate alkaline phosphatase activity, it tends to generate clumps of genomic DNA, leading to inaccurate pipetting for protein estimation.

Quality of life in patients of corrosive esophageal stricture treated with endoscopic dilatation.

Background And Aim: Caustic ingestion is associated with long-term sequelae in the form of esophageal and/or gastric cicatrization requiring endoscopic or surgical intervention. Quality of life (QoL) and disability in patients with caustic-induced sequelae is less explored.

Methods: In this prospective study, we included consecutive patients with symptomatic caustic-induced esophageal stricture undergoing endoscopic dilatation.

Demographics of Vaccine Hesitancy in Chandigarh, India.

The impact of vaccine hesitancy on childhood immunization in low- and middle-income countries remains largely uncharacterized. This study describes the sociodemographic patterns of vaccine hesitancy in Chandigarh, India. Mothers of children <5 years old were sampled from a two-stage cluster, systematic sample based on Anganwadi child care centers in Chandigarh.

Changes Adopted in Asian Pediatric Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Report from the Pediatric Acute and Critical Care COVID-19 Registry of Asia.

There is wide variation in the overall clinical impact of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across countries worldwide. Changes adopted pertaining to the management of pediatric patients, in particular, the provision of respiratory support during the COVID-19 pandemic is poorly described in Asia. We performed a multicenter survey of 20 Asian pediatric hospitals to determine workflow changes adopted during the pandemic.