Adolescent mice exposed to TBI developed PD-like pathology in middle age.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is identified as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), which is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). However, the precise mechanism by which chronic TBI initiates PD pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. In our present study, we assessed the chronic progression and pathogenesis of PD-like behavior at different intervals in TBI mice.

General Movements as Predictive Tool of Neurological Outcomes in Term-Born Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy at Ages Six and 12 Months.

Background: To explore the utility of general movements assessment as a predictive tool of the neurological outcome in term-born infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) at ages six and 12 months.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted for 18 months (August 2018 to December 2019). Term-born newborns with HIE were included.

A mathematical model for derivation of Elevated-Electrode-Placement Electrocardiogram (EEP-ECG) leads from a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Background: Placement of right precordial leads in higher intercostal spaces (EEP-ECG) improves the detection of Brugada Syndrome (BrS). Given the potential difficulty of lead placement and the transient nature of BrS ECG patterns, we developed a model to predict EEP-ECG from a standard 12‑lead ECG.

Objective: To create and validate a model that derives EEP-ECG leads from a standard 12‑lead ECG.

Etiology, clinical characteristics, genetic profile, and outcomes of children with refractory rickets at a referral center in India: a cohort study.

Background: Limited research exists regarding the genetic profile, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of refractory rickets in children from India.

Methods: Patients with refractory rickets aged ≤ 18 years were enrolled. Data regarding clinical features, etiology, genotype-phenotype correlation, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were recorded.

The Never Ending Story-What Are the Differentiable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Between Pyogenic and Mycobacterial Thoracolumbar Infections?

: This study aimed to determine if MRI features can distinguish between spinal infections caused by pyogenic bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. : Patients underwent an MRI of the thoracolumbar spine with and without contrast. Three blinded observers assessed the images, using statistical tests for analysis.

Enhancing Therapy Adherence: Impact on Clinical Outcomes, Healthcare Costs, and Patient Quality of Life.

Adherence to therapy, defined as the extent to which a patient follows prescribed therapeutic recommendations, is a pivotal factor in the effective management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular conditions. This review highlights the profound influence of adherence on clinical outcomes, healthcare costs, and patient quality of life. Despite its critical importance, non-adherence remains a pervasive challenge globally, contributing to suboptimal treatment results, higher rates of complications, increased hospitalizations, and substantial healthcare expenditures.

Urogenital Cancer Epidemiology in Poland (1980-2020): A Narrative Review.

Despite advances in prophylaxis, early diagnosis, and treatment, urogenital cancers represent a significant challenge to public health in Poland due to their relatively high prevalence and mortality rates. This narrative review aims to explore contemporary evidence on the epidemiology of urogenital cancers in Poland, such as prostate cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, and penile cancer, focusing on current and historical status and trends in the broader context of healthcare delivery. The literature consistently indicates that urogenital cancer continues to be a significant contributor to cancer incidence and mortality rates in Poland.

An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of First-Line Triplet vs. Doublet Therapies for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

: The addition of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), with or without docetaxel (Doc), is currently recommended for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Recently, the ARANOTE trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of Darolutamide + ADT in this setting. We aimed to update a network meta-analysis (NMA) of these combination therapies.

Impact of Early-Life Microbiota on Immune System Development and Allergic Disorders.

The shaping of the human intestinal microbiota starts during the intrauterine period and continues through the subsequent stages of extrauterine life. The microbiota plays a significant role in the predisposition and development of immune diseases, as well as various inflammatory processes. Importantly, the proper colonization of the fetal digestive system is influenced by maternal microbiota, the method of pregnancy completion and the further formation of the microbiota.

Osteoprotegerin as an Emerging Biomarker of Carotid Artery Stenosis? A Scoping Review with Meta-Analysis.

: In developed countries, stroke is the fifth cause of death, with a high mortality rate, and with recovery to normal neurological function in one-third of survivors. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the extracranial part of the internal carotid artery and related embolic complications are common preventable causes of ischemic stroke (IS), attributable to 7-18% of all first-time cases. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, is considered a modulator of vascular calcification linked to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and collagen production in atherosclerotic plaques.

A Rare Encounter: Tuberculous Pyomyositis in an Immunosuppressed Post-Transplant Patient.

Tuberculous pyomyositis is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). We report a rare case of EPTB in a 34-year-old male post-renal transplant recipient. He presented with pain in the left hip region and fever 9 years after the renal transplantation.

Discontinuation of anticoagulants and occurrence of bleeding and thromboembolic events in vitamin K antagonist users with a life-limiting disease.

Background: Data on risks and benefits of long-term anticoagulants in patients with a life-limiting disease are limited. This cohort study aims to describe (dis)continuation of anticoagulants and incidences of bleeding and thromboembolic events in vitamin K antagonist (VKA) users with a life-limiting disease.

Methods: Data from five Dutch anticoagulation clinics were linked to data from Statistics Netherlands and the Netherlands Cancer registry.

International Validation of a Novel PEACE Scale to Improve the Quality of Upper Gastrointestinal Mucosal Inspection During Endoscopy.

Introduction: The performance of a high quality esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is dependent on the mucosal cleanliness. Recently, the Polprep: Effective Assessment of Cleanliness in EGD (PEACE) scale was created to assess the degree of mucosal cleanliness during EGD. The aim of this study was to validate this scoring system in a cohort of international endoscopists.

Immunogenicity, Efficacy, and Effectiveness of Two-Dose and Shorter Schedules of Hepatitis E Vaccine: A Systematic Review.

: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in adults. The schedule for HEV 239, the only approved anti-HEV vaccine, consists of three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months, which is unsuitable for use in emergency and outbreak situations where quick protection is desired. We, therefore, undertook a systematic review of data on immunogenicity, efficacy, and effectiveness of alternative accelerated schedules.

Role of Nanotechnology in Ischemic Stroke: Advancements in Targeted Therapies and Diagnostics for Enhanced Clinical Outcomes.

Each year, the number of cases of strokes and deaths due to this is increasing around the world. This could be due to work stress, lifestyles, unhealthy food habits, and several other reasons. Currently, there are several traditional methods like thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for managing strokes.

Comparative Evaluation of Regain of Consciousness in Dexmedetomidine-Propofol versus Ketamine-Propofol in the Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization Procedure under Sedation using BIS Monitoring: A Randomized Prospective Study.

Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are not rare and often require an intervention at some point of time. Pediatric cardiac catheterization, a minimally invasive procedure, is performed to diagnose and to correct many cardiac abnormalities. Deep sedation with spontaneously breathing patients is the preferred technique for pediatric catheterization in the pediatric population.

Revisiting malignant gastric outlet obstruction: Where do we stand?

The scope of management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction is ever-expanding. The therapeutic use of endoscopy is gaining popularity not just owing to its technical advancement and satisfactory patient outcomes. With technical success rates close to 96%, stent placement for palliating gastric obstruction has ensured a median survival of about 2 months post-deployment of gastro-duodenal stents.

A Survey on Quality of Services, Training, and Attitude of Dermatology Trainee Residents About Sexually Transmitted Infections in Teaching Hospitals Across India.

Introduction: The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has increased disproportionately to STI services. It is uncertain how many residents trained in STI services continue them. This study assessed the self-rated quality of training and attitudes about STI services amongst residents of Indian teaching hospitals.

Consensus Based Indian Guidelines for the Management of Pemphigus Vulgaris and Pemphigus Foliaceous.

Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by the presence of intraepidermal blisters and erosions, primarily affecting the mucosa and/or skin. There are no established Indian guidelines for the management of pemphigus, and Western guidelines cannot be directly applied due to differences in clinicodemographic profiles, comorbidities, and resource limitations. These guidelines aim to provide Indian dermatologists with evidence-based and consensus-driven recommendations for the management of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceous (PF), taking into account the unique challenges posed by the Indian healthcare setting.

Evaluation of the effects of short-term PM exposure on triglyceride-glucose metrics in a population in eastern China.

Context: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a novel health indicator, has been widely employed to assess insulin resistance (IR). However, its relationship with fine particulate matter (PM) exposure remains inadequately investigated.

Objective: This study endeavors to probe the association between PM and TyG within the population of eastern China and to determine whether there are disparities in this association among diverse subgroups.

Glucose Lowering through Weight management (GLoW): a randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a diabetes education and behavioural weight management programme vs a diabetes education programme in adults with a recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: UK standard care for type 2 diabetes is structured diabetes education, with no effects on HbA, small, short-term effects on weight and low uptake. We evaluated whether remotely delivered tailored diabetes education combined with commercial behavioural weight management is cost-effective compared with current standard care in helping people with type 2 diabetes to lower their blood glucose, lose weight, achieve remission and improve cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic, randomised, parallel two-group trial.

Incidence and Outcomes of Secondary Bladder Cancer Following Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: There is an established association between secondary bladder cancers (SBCs) and radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PC), which remains a significant concern. Our aim was to update the evidence on SBC incidence across different RT modalities and to compare oncological outcomes for patients diagnosed with SBC to those diagnosed with primary bladder cancer (PBC).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on SBC following PC.