Persistence of Uterine Artery Doppler Velocimetry Changes in Postpartum Mothers Following a Delivery Complicated by Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review.

In preeclampsia, there occurs a defective trophoblastic invasion of spiral arteries, which is characterized by abnormal uterine artery wave parameter such as increased pulsatility index (PI) and early diastolic notch. This increased uterine artery PI is a good predictor of hypertensive disorder and small for gestational-age babies. Maternal hypertension and proteinuria resolve in the puerperium.

Medical students' perception of a unique humanistic mentoring program in a religious university: a convergent parallel mixed methods study.

Background: The medical school of Tzu Chi University in Taiwan offers a unique, group-based, humanistic mentoring program as a complement to the programs mentored by faculty members and school counselors. The humanistic mentors are senior volunteers who are subject-matter experts in various fields and who embody the spirit of humanism in their lives. The average mentee-to-mentor ratio is around 3.

Specialist training in infectious diseases in Europe.

Objectives: The objectives were to determine the structure of training programmes and assessment of physicians training to become infectious disease (ID) specialists in Europe in early 2024 and to document the provision of specialists, trainees and training centres in each country.

Methods: Delegates to the ID Section and Board of the European Union of Medical Specialists entered national data on a web-based survey tool in late 2023-early 2024. Results were compared with European Union of Medical Specialists recommendations on the structure and content of postgraduate training in ID in Europe (2018), and to results of a similar survey in early 2021.

Insights into the systemic risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy in the Indian population: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a predominant cause of vision impairment globally. Understanding risk factors is crucial for effective planning. The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the risk factors in the Indian population contributing to the increased incidence of DR, which is a potentially sight-threatening complication among diabetic individuals.

Early Neonatal Epilepsy Caused by Homozygous Mutation in the SLC13A5 Gene: A Case Report From India.

Early neonatal seizures have myriad causes and variable prognoses. While acute symptomatic seizures are the most common events, a significant number of cases have a genetic background for such seizures, and a timely diagnosis can help in appropriate management and prognostication. We present a case of a neonate referred to our center with multi-focal clonic seizure starting from the first day of life.

Investigating Emotional Intelligence: A Cross-Sectional Study of Pune's Postgraduate Medical Scholars.

Introduction Emotional intelligence (EI), which encompasses the ability to perceive, understand, and manage emotions, is crucial for effective human interaction. In healthcare, especially in medicine, compassion and empathy are prioritized qualities associated with enhanced patient outcomes, increased patient compliance, and overall improved healthcare experiences. This study focused on postgraduate medical students to assess their EI levels and identify influencing factors.

The hidden crisis: Health impacts of tobacco and nicotine products on Indian women.

Tobacco use among women in India is becoming a critical public health issue. Once viewed predominantly as a male habit, tobacco consumption among Indian women has seen a rising trend. This shift is driven by factors such as evolving societal norms, aggressive marketing by the tobacco industry, and increasing urbanization.

Assessment of egg quality, food safety, and hygiene practices among commercial and non-commercial farms of Barwala district of Panchkula, Haryana.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the egg quality, food safety, and hygiene practices in egg production among commercial and non-commercial farms.

Methods: A total of six, each commercial and non-commercial farm, were randomly selected form Barwala district, Panchkula, Haryana, for this study in 2019. A detailed interview on hygiene practices of farm workers was conducted.

Efficacy of two novel antifungal lipopeptides, AF and AF of bacillomycin D family in murine models of invasive candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis.

Invasive fungal diseases are an important public health concern due to an increase in the at-risk population and high mortality associated with these infections. Managing invasive fungal infections poses a significant challenge given the limited antifungal options and the emergence of resistance in key fungal pathogens. Through a comprehensive approach, we evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity and the in vivo efficacy of two novel lipopeptides, AF and AF in murine models of disseminated candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and aspergillosis.

Flexibility in Surgical Training Does Not Affect American Board of Surgery Board Eligibility or Certification: Long-term Outcomes from a Prospective, Multi-Institutional Study of General Surgery Residents.

Objective: In 2011, the American Board of Surgery (ABS) implemented a policy to permit greater flexibility in the structure of general surgery (GS) residency training. Our goal was to investigate the impact of flexibility in surgical training (FIST) on resident success in obtaining ABS board eligibility and certification.

Design: A prospective, multi-institutional study was conducted to examine the feasibility of incorporating flexibility tracks across residency programs and measure educational outcomes including ABS In-service Training Exam (ABSITE) scores, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones, operative case log volumes, and ABS Qualifying (QE) and Certifying (CE) Examinations scores.

Recognition of Novel KIR2DL1*0040135, KIR2DL1*112, KIR2DL1*0040136, KIR3DL1*0010122 Alleles From India.

Novel KIR alleles KIR2DL1*0040135, KIR2DL1*112, KIR2DL1*0040136 and KIR3DL1*0010122, were identified using next-generation sequencing.

Cell therapy with human IL-10-producing ILC2s limits xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease by inhibiting pathogenic T cell responses.

Interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) regulate inflammatory immune responses, yet their therapeutic potential remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that cell therapy with human ILC2 inhibits pathogenic T cell responses in humanized mouse models of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), resulting in reduced GVHD severity and improved overall survival without limiting the graft-versus-leukemia effect. ILC2 conferred superior protection from GVHD than IL-10 ILC2s, and blocking IL-10 and IL-4 abrogated ILC2 protective effects, indicating that these cytokines are important for the protective effects of ILC2.

Geo-Spatial Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Reperfusion Treatment in India: An Assessment of Distribution and Access to Centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

The effectiveness of educational workshops in improving the knowledge and attitude of attendees in laboratory animal science: A pre- and post-intervention design in Iran.

The knowledge and attitude of researchers can affect the validity of laboratory animal (LAN) research. However, studies show that not all researchers possess the required knowledge and appropriate attitude for performing valid research on animals. This may have several reasons, such as high heterogeneity in the educational backgrounds of researchers in animal trials.

Prognostic accuracy of Whole Lung Perfusion Blood Volume as a predictor of 28-day Mortality in Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism - A prospective study.

Background: The estimated incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) is around 60-70 cases per 100,000 people annually. The overall mortality rate for massive PE is substantial, ranging from 18% to 65%. We can utilise changes in lung perfusion to stratify patients with PE acutely based on risk, highlighting its diagnostic and prognostic value.

Acceptability, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Concurrent High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cue Exposure in Cannabis Use Disorder: A Pilot Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: We studied the acceptability, feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness of combined cue exposure and anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cannabis craving in cannabis use disorder (CUD).

Methods: We randomly assigned 48 participants equally in 4 groups: A, tDCS and cannabis cue exposure; B, tDCS and neutral image; C, sham tDCS and cue exposure; and D, sham tDCS and neutral image. The images were validated by Delphi consensus.

Building global collaborative research networks in paediatric critical care: a roadmap.

Paediatric critical care units are designed for children at a vulnerable stage of development, yet the evidence base for practice and policy in paediatric critical care remains scarce. In this Health Policy, we present a roadmap providing strategic guidance for international paediatric critical care trials. We convened a multidisciplinary group of 32 paediatric critical care experts from six continents representing paediatric critical care research networks and groups.

Topical Tacrolimus in Vitiligo: Consensus Paper from the Pigmentary Disorders Society.

Background: Tacrolimus, a topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) with immunomodulatory effects, is considered a viable treatment option for vitiligo. A consensus building exercise was undertaken to determine the role and clinical utility of topical tacrolimus in the management of vitiligo using input from experts in the field of dermatology.

Methods: Seventeen experts collaborated to create consensus statements using a modified Delphi methodology.

Spotlight on the 2024 ESC/EACTS management of atrial fibrillation guidelines: 10 novel key aspects.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) have recently released the 2024 guidelines for the management of AF. This review highlights 10 novel aspects of the ESC/EACTS 2024 Guidelines.

Medical research engagement among resident doctors in Nigeria: assessing knowledge, attitudes, and barriers in a public and private tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Medical research is an essential aspect of the training of resident doctors and is required by postgraduate medical colleges in Nigeria as part of the fulfilment of fellowship awards. However, research participation among resident doctors in Nigeria is low, despite seemingly high interest in research among resident doctors. The objective of our study is to examine the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers related to medical research among resident doctors in a public and private tertiary care in Nigeria.

Surgical parameters affecting procedure duration of hysteroscopic fibroid resection: results of a retrospective longitudinal study.

Purpose: To identify and analyze the main surgical parameters affecting the operative time of hysteroscopic fibroid resection.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 65 cases of outpatient hysteroscopic fibroid resection performed between March 2021 and May 2023 in outpatient office setting. Patients aged 18-50 with various indications such as infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, or abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) were included.

[On legal assessment of violations of medical care].

This study aimed to define the criteria for legal assessment of medical care violations. Today, medical incidents, particularly medical care violations, are not systematized and have no legal definitions. This complicates their legal assessment and does not allow for the necessary effectiveness of legal regulation of relations in the healthcare sector.