Multinodular and vacuolating posterior fossa lesions of unknown significance: a long-term observational study and literature review.

Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor of the cerebrum (MVNT) is a rare tumefactive lesion requiring differentiation from glial tumors. Multinodular and vacuolating posterior fossa lesions of unknown significance (MV-PLUS) were initially reported in 2019 as posterior fossa lesions with characteristics similar to MVNT. MV-PLUS is often considered as a "leave-me-alone lesion" not necessitating surgical intervention.

Germline loss-of-function variant in the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF2 in a young adult patient with medulloblastoma: a case report.

We identified a rare heterozygous germline loss-of-function variant in the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) in a young adult patient diagnosed with medulloblastoma. This variant is located within the TRAF-C domain of the E3 ubiquitin ligase protein and is predicted to diminish the binding affinity of TRAF2 to upstream receptors and associated adaptor proteins. Integrative genomics revealed a biallelic loss of TRAF2 via partial copy-neutral loss-of-heterozygosity of 9q in the medulloblastoma genome.

Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of childhood central nervous system cancers in a large low-middle income country pediatric oncology center: a report on 5051 kids.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. While most cases come from low-middle income countries (LMIC) where their prognosis is worse, few epidemiological studies are conducted in these regions.

Methods: We conducted a registry-based cohort study for childhood CNS tumors at Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt (CCHE) over 15 years.

Dysplastic ganglion cell tumor of the right cerebellum: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: This study aims to present a case of cerebellar dysplastic ganglioneuroma, which is commonly referred to as Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD). Furthermore, the study aims to provide an extensive review of the essential aspects of LDD, thereby providing essential information for its accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

Patient Concerns: A 54-year-old woman was admitted with symptoms of headache, facial numbness, and a visible cerebellar mass.

An infected intracranial dermoid cyst at the region of torcular herophili: A case report.

Background: Dermoid cysts result from embryonic fusion anomalies, with intracranial dermoid cysts being rare (0.1-0.7% of intracranial tumors).

A Rare Case of Dual Primary Supratentorial Glioma and Infratentorial Meningioma.

 Gliomas and meningiomas are two common primary brain tumors, but occurring simultaneously in the same patient is a rare entity. The authors would like to report a case of coexistence of a superior parietal lobule diffuse glioma, IDH-wild type, histologically CNS WHO grade 3 and a left posterior fossa transitional meningioma, WHO grade 1; both the tumors were successfully removed in one-stage operation.  A 68-year-old female having hypertension, who presented to us with the chief complaints of involuntary shaking of her left lower limb associated with her left upper limb tingle, dizziness, and neck soreness.

Length of stay following elective craniotomy for tumor resection in children and young adults: a retrospective case series.

Purpose: Length of stay (LOS) is a critical metric of healthcare delivery. Prolonged LOS is associated with a heightened risk of adverse complications. We aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of LOS, specifically identifying variables associated with extended LOS (eLOS), in children and young adults following elective craniotomy for tumor resection.

Utilization of Motor Imagery Training for Improvement of Balance of Ataxic Children after Medulloblastoma Resection.

This study investigated the effects of training using motor imagery on balance, gait parameters, and ataxia severity in children after they underwent medulloblastoma tumour resection. Fifty participated children, aged seven-nine years and diagnosed with cerebellar ataxia after medulloblastoma resection were selected from the Tumor Hospital of Cairo University. Two groups of patients were randomly divided: the study group and the control group.

Exploiting Integrin-αVβ3 to Enhance Radiotherapy Efficacy in Medulloblastoma via Ferroptosis.

Medulloblastoma, a malignant pediatric brain tumor, has a poor prognosis upon relapse, highlighting a critical clinical need. Our previous research linked medulloblastoma cell radioresistance to integrin-αvβ3 expression. β3-depleted (β3_KO) medulloblastoma cells exhibit lipid hydroxyperoxide accumulation after radiotherapy, indicating ferroptosis, a regulated cell death induced by ROS and inhibited by antioxidants such as cysteine, glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4).

The LITT Fit in neuro-oncology: indications, imaging, and adjunctive therapies.

Purpose: There is an unmet need for new treatments for many central nervous system tumors. An expanding body of research supports the use of laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in the treatment of gliomas, recurrent brain metastases, and radiation necrosis.

Methods: In this review, we highlight emerging indications for LITT, including its use adjacent to eloquent structures, in the posterior fossa, and for meningioma and tumors of the vertebral column.

The Association of Linear Energy Transfer and Dose With Radiation Necrosis After Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy in Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors.

Purpose: Proton therapy is the preferred treatment modality for most pediatric central nervous system tumors. The risk of radiation necrosis may be increased at the distal end of the beam because of an increase in linear energy transfer (LET) and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) dose. We report on the association of LET and dose with radiation necrosis after pencil beam scanning proton therapy in pediatric posterior fossa tumors using a case-control framework.

Complete resection of a giant epidermoid cyst of the occipital bone: case report and systematic review.

Epidermoid cysts are uncommon accounting for less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. Among them, giant intradiploic epidermoid cysts of the posterior fossa i.e.

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion prior to posterior fossa tumor resection in adults: A systematic review.

Background: Posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) comprise 15%-20% of adult brain tumors, with the reported frequency of hydrocephalus (HCP) ranging between 3.7% and 58%. Most HCP resolves after resection of PFTs, but studies report persistent or new-onset HCP occurring in between 2% and 7% of cases.

Management of high grade primary cerebellar tumours.

Cerebellar high-grade gliomas (cHGG) are uncommon in adults, making up only about 1% of all high-grade gliomas. These tumours differ from supratentorial high-grade gliomas (sHGG) in terms of epidemiology, molecular traits, and the age of the patients. cHGG patients are typically younger and show a higher frequency of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) mutations, atypical RAS mutations, and H3K27M mutations.