Are Mucinous Carcinomas of the Breast Hard on Elastography?

Mucinous carcinomas are a rare type of invasive breast carcinoma characterized by large quantities of extracellular mucin on histopathological examination. These tumors can be easily missed or misdiagnosed. Due to large quantities of mucin, these tumors are presumed to be "soft" masses.

Lower Island Trapezius Flap for a Rare Scalp Tumor.

A 54-year-old male with a past history of acute pancreatitis and pulmonary embolism presented with a scalp tumor in the occipital region for a six-month duration. With a biopsy report of squamous cell carcinoma, wide local excision with the lower island trapezius myocutaneous flap with skin grafting was done. However, the final pathology report revealed a proliferating trichilemmal tumor with clear margins.

Nitric oxide: Potential therapeutic target in Heat Stress-induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction.

As climate change intensifies, urgent action is needed to address global warming and its associated health risks, particularly in vulnerable regions. Rising global temperature and increasing frequency of heatwaves present a hidden health risk, disrupting the body's temperature regulation and leading to severe consequences such as heat stress-induced multiple organ dysfunction (HS-MOD). Multiple organ injury triggered by heat stress involves complex molecular pathways such as nitric oxide dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium homeostasis disruption, and autophagy impairment that contribute to cellular damage.

Next generation sequencing to detect pathogens causing paediatric community-acquired pneumonia - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Paediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major public health challenge in children, requiring accurate and timely diagnosis of causative pathogens for effective antibiotic treatment. We aimed to explore the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in precise diagnosis of pediatric CAP and its effect on treatment outcome of these children.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to compare NGS-guided antibiotic therapy with conventional methods in pediatric CAP.

Comparison of C-MAC ® conventional blade, D-Blade ™ , and Macintosh laryngoscopes for endotracheal intubation in patients with simulated immobilization using manual in-line stabilization: A randomized trial.

Background: A difficult airway is anticipated with cervical spine injuries (CSIs) as immobilization techniques such as manual in-line stabilization (MILS) are used, which distort the oro-pharyngeal-laryngeal axis. Video laryngoscopes (VLs) make difficult airway management easy, as they do not require axis alignment. The present study aimed to compare the total time taken by Macintosh laryngoscope (ML), conventional blade, and D-blade ™ of C-MAC ® VL in simulated CSI scenarios using MILS.

Outcomes of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) Compared to Open Repair in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.

This umbrella meta-analysis aims to investigate two surgical treatments for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open surgery repair (OSR). Our study aims to elucidate the 30-day mortality rate, reintervention rates, and aneurysm-related mortality in EVAR versus OSR for AAA.  We conducted a comprehensive assessment of meta-analyses ( = 34 articles) comparing EVAR and OSR for AAA.

Deciphering the Nexus: Exploring Learning Styles and Academic Success Among Medical Students Through a Comprehensive Study.

In the dynamic landscape of medical education, recognizing and catering to the diverse learning styles of students are pivotal for fostering academic success. This study investigates the intricate relationship between learning styles and academic performance among medical students. A sample comprising 201 second-year Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students from two batches participated in this cross-sectional study.

An Atypical Case of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Possible Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated With a Cerebrovascular Accident in a Young Female: A Case Report.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of endocrine disorders among females of reproductive age and is linked with autoimmune disorders. PCOS has been associated with autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-thyroid, and anti-Smith (anti-SM). Young patients with PCOS and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have up to a 10-fold increase in stroke.

TB operational research in India - Gaps and pragmatic solutions.

Operational research (OR) plays a pivotal role in the management and improvement of national tuberculosis (TB) programs in India. This article underscores the indispensable value of OR in optimizing resource allocation, enhancing treatment protocols, improving diagnostics, ensuring patient adherence, monitoring program performance, and informing policy decisions. However, it is vital to address existing gaps in the operational research mechanisms of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) in India to maximize its effectiveness.

Hyperlipasemia Sans Pancreatitis: A Case Series.

Acute pancreatitis results in inflammation and autodigestion of pancreatic acinar cells leading to the elevation of pancreatic enzymes, namely, amylase and lipase. Serum lipase levels have long been considered a hallmark of acute pancreatitis. However, pancreatitis is not always the cause of elevated serum lipase levels.

Comprehensive Review of Red Meat Consumption and the Risk of Cancer.

Red and processed meat consumption rates are increasing in the United States. In this review, we present the current evidence that links red meat consumption and cancer development. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to review red meat consumption and its association with breast cancer and gastrointestinal cancer.

Tuberculosis screening for pediatric household contacts in India: Time to adapt newer strategies under the National TB Elimination Programme!

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of screening pediatric household contacts (under the age of 15 years) for tuberculosis (TB) in India through verbal screening, tuberculin skin testing, and chest radiography at intervals of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The study also aimed to determine the proportion of contacts who tested positive for TB and to describe the challenges in implementing regular follow-up. Current National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) guidelines only require verbal screening for contacts under 6 years old at TB treatment initiation.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors in Heart Failure: An Umbrella Review.

Heart failure remains a leading cause of hospitalization and death, and presents a significant challenge for healthcare providers despite the advancements in its management. This umbrella review aimed to pool the results of meta-analyses on the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors in the treatment of heart failure patients. A literature search was done on five databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Global Index Medicus, and Science Direct for articles with full texts available online.

Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Screening in Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at a Tertiary Care Center in Uttarakhand, India: A Re-look at the Laboratory Parameters Mandating High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Workup.

Introduction: Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are the most common inherited hematological disorders. Of these, β thalassemia is the commonest disorder reported in India, followed by certain hemoglobinopathies encountered in different regions of the country. The data pertaining to the incidence of these disorders in the Uttarakhand region of India are sparse.

Nipple Discharge: When is it Worrisome?

Nipple discharge is the third most common breast related complaint seen in the breast clinics. Although the majority of cases are due to a benign etiology, 5%-12% cases of pathological nipple discharge may be harboring an underlying malignancy. A thorough radiological workup in cases of pathological nipple discharge is thus of utmost importance, with the initial imaging modality depending on the age of the patient.

Clinical Profile of Adult Bronchial Asthma Patients Presenting at a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute in Northern India.

Background: In the previous four decades there have been remarkable changes and development in the approach toward the diagnosis and management of asthma. There are wide variations in the clinical profile of asthma patients in different parts of a vast country like India due to significant variations in the geography, culture, ethnicity, and socioeconomic profile of the Indian population. In the present study, we have aimed to study the clinical profile of adult asthmatic patients in a tertiary care teaching institute in Northern India.

Correlative Evaluation of Seven Cytological 3-Tier Grading Systems of Breast Carcinoma with the Standard Histological Grading: A 4 and ½ Year Study.

Introduction: The early diagnosis of breast carcinoma is of paramount importance in its management. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has the potential to play a pivotal role in providing the relevant information on the aggressiveness of this tumor. But there is no gold standard when it comes to cytological grading of breast carcinoma as there is no consensus between the pathologists and also the clinicians as to which grading is as par with the gold standard Elston-Ellis modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) histological grading.

Risk factors for the development of tuberculosis among the pediatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Pediatric tuberculosis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children due to high transmission, poor diagnostic tools, and various respiratory diseases mimicking TB. Identifying risk factors will provide evidence for clinicians to strongly relate their diagnosis to the associated pathology. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, systematically reviewed, and meta-analyzed for various risk factors and their association with pediatric TB.

Ventricular Septal Rupture and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Healthcare.

This case report highlights the use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for the diagnosis of ventricular septal rupture (VSR), a severe consequence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). VSR has a broad spectrum of signs and inconspicuous symptoms, making the diagnosis difficult. POCUS offers non-invasive, real-time cardiac imaging and has an advantage over other methods due to its ability to identify VSR early.

Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Cranial Suture Obliteration for Age Estimation in an Indian Population.

Background: Age estimation is a critical aspect of human identification. Age is assessed using cranial suture obliteration, pelvic morphological changes, epiphyseal fusion of long bones, dental maturation, and other standard methods.

Methods: The present study investigated three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) scans of 263 individuals (183 males and 80 females) to assess the extent of ectocranial suture closure.

A Longitudinal Analytical Study on Umbilical Cord Coiling Index as a Predictor of Pregnancy Outcome.

Background The umbilical cord coiling index (UCI) is usually measured sonographically during antenatal follow-up and can be used to determine the fetuses at risk of adverse outcomes. Methodology UCI measured antenatally and postnatally whose correlation is studied along with the association of abnormal UCI with the adverse outcomes in terms of gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), intra-uterine death, birth weight, sex, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, the color of the liquor, Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration (APGAR) score at one min and five mins and mode of delivery. All parameters are tested for significant differences among UCI and a p-value < 0.